Heart and Blood

Question 1

Four chambers of heart

Answer 1

• left atrium
  -right atrium
• left ventricle
• right ventricle

Question 2

Which chambers are at the top?

Answer 2

• atriums (left and right)

Question 3

what separates the right and left side of heart?

Answer 3

septum

Question 4

What transports deoxygenated blood to right atrium?

Answer 4

• Vena Cava

Question 5

What transports deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs?

Answer 5

• pulmonary artery

Question 6

what transports blood from lungs to heart after being oxygenated?

Answer 6

• pulmonary vein

Question 7

what transports oxygenated blood to rest of body?

Answer 7

• aorta

Question 8

names of valves in pulmonary artery and vein?

Answer 8

• semi-lunar

Question 9

name of valve between right atrium and ventricle?

Answer 9

• tricuspid - remember tRIcuspid for RIght

Question 10

name of valve between left atrium and ventricle?

Answer 10

-bicuspid

Question 11

What is cardiac diastole?

Answer 11

when all chambers relax and blood fills heart

Question 12

what is atrial systole?

Answer 12

when atria contract, and push blood into ventricles

Question 13

what is ventricular systole?

Answer 13

• when ventricles contract, causing blood to be pushed out of heart (happens after atrial systole)

Question 14

what part of brain controls nerve impulses, which can change Heart rate?

Answer 14

Medulla

Question 15

explain process of exercise causing HR increase

Answer 15

• more carbon dioxide produced my muscles in aerobic respiration
• sensors in aorta and carotid artery detect the increase and send nerve impulse to medulla
• medulla send nerve impulses along accelerator nerve
  -accelerator nerve increases heart rate
  -cardiac output increases therefore more blood supplied to working muscles

Question 16

what is plasma?

Answer 16

• straw coloured liquid
• transports blood cells and many other substances, eg nutrients- glucose and amino acids, dissolved waste products- carbon dioxide and urea

Question 17

what is blood?

Answer 17

• complex tissue,consisting of a liquid component (plasma), cell fragments (platelets) and red and white blood cells

Question 18

arteries characteristics

Answer 18

• blood away from heart
  -blood at high pressure
  -tiny vessels- lots of them
  -thick elastic and muscular layer
• narrow lumen
  -thick outer wall

Question 19

veins characteristics

Answer 19

• blood towards heart
• blood at low pressure
• wide lumen
• thin muscular and elastic layer
• thin outer wall
• valves to prevent backflow

Question 20

capillary characteristics

Answer 20

• very small lumen
• wall one cell thick- made of single layer of cell
  -short diffusion distance

Question 21

what is the pulmonary circulation?

Answer 21

• deoxygenated blood being pumped to the lungs and oxygenated blood returning to heart

Question 22

what is systemic circulation?

Answer 22

-oxygenated blood being pumped to other organs of body and deoxygenated blood returns to heart

Question 23

what blood vessel caries oxygenated blood to liver?

Answer 23

• hepatic artery

Question 24

which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood to gut?

Answer 24

• mesenteric artery

Question 25

what blood vessel carries oxygenated blood to kidneys?

Answer 25

• renal artery

Question 26

what blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood away from kidneys?

Answer 26

• renal vein

Question 27

what blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood from gut to liver?

Answer 27

• hepatic portal vein

Question 28

what blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood away from the liver?

Answer 28

• hepatic vein