digestion 1

Question 1

eructation bonus question

Answer 1

belch

Question 2

Gastrointestinal Tract

Answer 2

mouth
pharynx
esophagus
stomach
small intestine
large intestine: appendix, colon, rectum
anus

Question 3

Accessory Organs

Answer 3

teeth
tongue
salivary glands
liver
gallbladder
pancreas

Question 4

_______taking in food and liquids through mouth

Answer 4

ingestion -

Question 5

_________production and release of water, acid, buffers and enzymes into the lumen of the GI tract

Answer 5

secretion -

Question 6

________- alternating contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle (segmentation contractions) in wall of GI tract mixes the food with the juices and moves it along

Answer 6

mixing and propulsion

Question 7

_______process of breaking down food into molecules small enough to be taken into cells of the body

Answer 7

digestion -

Question 8

_______mechanically breaking down large pieces of food into smaller pieces with greater surfaces area so that enzymes can work more efficiently

Answer 8

mechanical digestion -

Question 9

_________digestive enzymes hydrolyse large polymers such as starch into glucose and triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol

Answer 9

chemical digestion -

Question 10

________the passage of small molecules through the plasma membranes of epithelial cells lining the stomach and intestines to the blood and lymph

Answer 10

absorption -

Question 11

______ elimination of feces from the GI tract

Answer 11

defecation -

Question 12

_____include indigestible substances, lots of bacteria, epithelial cells sloughed off the lining of the GI tract and digested material that was not absorbed

Answer 12

feces

Question 13

_____lines the digestive organs

Answer 13

epithelium -

Question 14

mouth, esophagus and anal canal possess _________

Answer 14

non-keratinized, stratified squamous

Question 15

________beneath the epithelial lining

Answer 15

lamina propria - areolar connective tissue layer

Question 16

_________which produce the folds of the mucous membrane to increase the surface area

Answer 16

muscularis mucosa - smooth muscle fibers

Question 17

muscularis mucosa - smooth muscle fibers which produce the folds of the mucous membrane to increase the surface area
these folds include _____ of intestine and_____ of stomach

Answer 17

villi, rugae

Question 18

______- areolar CT which binds the mucosa to the muscularis, highly vascularized

Answer 18

Submucosa

Question 19

_______ in the mouth, pharynx and upper esophagus used to produce voluntary swallowing, this is gradually replaced by smooth muscle in lower esophagus and throughout rest of digestive tract

Answer 19

Muscularis - skeletal muscle

Question 20

______- outermost layer which is a serous membrane composed of epithelium and CT

Answer 20

Serosa

Question 21

_______ covers organs in the abdominal cavity

Answer 21

visceral peritoneum

Question 22

_____ lines the abdominal cavity

Answer 22

parietal peritoneum

Question 23

accumulation of fluid during infection (such as with peritonitis) is called ______

Answer 23

ascites

Question 24

organs that lie in the posterior body wall and covered by parietal peritoneum on their anterior surface only are referred to as ______ i.e. kidneys, adrenal glands, pancreas, ascending and descending colon

Answer 24

retroperitoneal

Question 25

______ which binds the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall

Answer 25

mesentery

Question 26

_______which binds the large intestine to the posterior body wall

Answer 26

mesocolon

Question 27

________attaches the liver to abdominal wall and diaphragm

Answer 27

falciform ligament

Question 28

______ attaches stomach and duodenum to liver

Answer 28

lesser omentum

Question 29

________(aka fatty apron): largest, with fat deposits and lymph nodes which extends from the greater curvature of the stomach and proximal duodenum, drapes down over the small intestine and turns upward to attach to the transverse colon

Answer 29

greater omentum

Question 30

mouth Also called the ___ or _____ cavity

Answer 30

oral, buccal

Question 31

lips or ____ are the “fleshy borders” surrounding the opening of the mouth

Answer 31

labia

Question 32

______ of the mouth extends from the cheeks and lips to the gums and teeth

Answer 32

vestibule

Question 33

______ is the internal space between the gums and teeth which extends to the posterior fauces or passageway to the oropharynx

Answer 33

oral cavity proper

Question 34

______ or anterior portion of the roof of the mouth is formed by the maxillae and palatine bones of the skull

Answer 34

hard palate

Question 35

______or posterior portion of the roof of the mouth is a muscular partition between the oropharynx and the superior nasopharynx

Answer 35

soft palate

Question 36

the muscular process which hangs down from the end of the soft palate is the ________

Answer 36

uvula

Question 37

slide 3 quiz image figure 26.1

Question 38

the ____ controls gut motility

Answer 38

myenteric plexus

Question 39

quiz tuesday the 17th

Question 40

borborygmi bonus question

Answer 40

stomach rumblings

Question 41

_______ starts the breakdown of starch into disaccharides

Answer 41

salivary amylase

Question 42

_______begins the breakdown triglycerides into fatty acids

Answer 42

lingual lipase

Question 43

________ located inferior and anterior to the ears, between the skin and the masseter muscle of the jaw

Answer 43

parotid glands

Question 44

___________ located beneath the base of the tongue in the posterior portion of the oral cavity

Answer 44

submandibular glands

Question 45

_________ also located beneath the tongue but superior and anterior to the submandibular glands

Answer 45

sublingual glands

Question 46

______ are due to a viral infection of parotid glands which cause them to swell

Answer 46

mumps

Question 47

The oropharynx and laryngopharynx are involved in _______ or swallowing, which is lubricated by saliva.

Answer 47

deglutition

Question 48

The esophagus begins at the inferior end of the laryngopharynx and continues through the mediastinum anterior to the vertebral column, through a hole in the diaphragm called the _______ and ends at the superior portion of the stomach*** (quiz question)

Answer 48

esophageal hiatus***

Question 49

_________ mouth and anus

Answer 49

non statisfied squamous epithlieum

Question 50

_______ or GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease) is a result of a faulty lower esophageal sphincter, allowing passages of stomach acids up into the esophagus causing a burning sensation

Answer 50

Heartburn

Question 51

There are two physiological esophageal sphincters

Answer 51

1.upper 2.lower

Question 52

what does GERD stand for?

Answer 52

gastroesophageal reflux disease