Digestion And Absorption Flashcards
(21 cards)
Where is amylase found within digestive system?
Salivary glands, pancreas, small intestine
Where in the body is lipase found?
Stomach
Pancreas
Small intestine
Where is protease found in body?
Stomach
Pancreas
Small intestine
Give an example of protease
Pepsin
What is the definition of digestion?
The hydrolysis of large insoluble substances to smaller soluble substances
Which enzyme breaks down maltose into glucose?
Maltase
What does sucrase break down sucrose into?
Fructose
Glucose
What does lactase break lactose into?
Galactose and glucose
What does amylase break down starch into, how does amylase do this?
Amylase breaks down starch into maltose. Amylase does so by hydrolysing alternate glycosidic bonds of starch to produce maltose
Why is amylase not found in the stomach?
The acidity of the stomach would denature the amylase
Give the names of two membrane bound disacharidases
Sucrase and lactase
Where are membrane bound disaccharidases made? How are they bound?
They are made in the epithelial lining of the ileum. They are bound as extrinsic epithelial cells
Describe the digestion of starch by a mammal
Starch is broken down into maltose by amylase which hydrolyses the glycosidic bonds. Maltose is hydrolysed to glucose by disaccharidase which is membrane bound in the ileum
Where is bile produced?
Liver
Where is bile stored?
Gall bladder
Where is bile released?
Small intestine
What is the purpose of bile salts?
To emulsify lipids into smaller droplets with larger surface area
What does lipase break down lipids into?
Monoglyceride and 2 fatty acids
What is a lipid associated with bile salts called?
Micelles
What is the role of a micelle?
They transport monoglycerides and fatty acids into cell membrane of epithelial cells and increase proportion of molecules that come into contact with the cell membrane
What is the role of bicarbonate ions in lipid digestion? Where are the bicarbonate ions made? Where are the ions released?
Neutralises acidic chyme, made in the pancreas and it is released into the duodenum.
