digestion (with epithelia) Flashcards
What is the function of chief cells?
make pepsin in the inactive form pepsinogen to digest proteins!
functions of saliva?
digestion, lubrication, buffering noxious substances, cleansing oral cavity
What type of epithelium lines the oesophagus? A simple collumnar B s.s non keratined C simple columnar D pseudostratified
Stratified Squamous non-Keratinised Epithelium
protects from hot/abrasive foods
where would Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium be found?
found in the trachea and upper respiratory tract
> one layer close to blood vessels
> may have ciilia to waft mucous to larynx
where would Stratified Squamous Keratinised Epithelium be found?
found in the Filiformof the tongue to rub food into small pieces and the Masticatory Mucosa of the gums and hard palate
the function of sensory cells in taste buds?
attach to nerves and trigger signals in axons
> found inside fungiform papille
what type of bone cell eats away at the roots of baby teeth? osteoblast osetoclast osteocyte fibroblast chondrocyte
osteoclasts
WHY? adult teeth push on baby teeth and activate the osteoclasts allowing adult teeth to grow out
what muscle is the oesophogus made of? A skeletal B cardiac C smooth D keratinied E collumnar
skeletal and smooth transitionalas we move from voluntary (swallow) to involuntary control
Also seen in rectum/anus in the 2 sphincters
what controls contraction of muscularis mucosae?
A meissner plexus
B auberach plexus
meissners plexus
what type of epithelium is the masticatory mucosa?
stratified squamous keratinised epithelium
> found on gums and hard pallate
what type of epithelium is found in the ordinary lining mucosa? (ORAL MUCOSA) A simple collumnar B s.s non keratined C simple cuboidal D pseudostratified
stratified squamous non keratinised epithelium but can BECOME keratinised on cheeks with chewing
> found anywhaere where masticatory isnt (gums and hard palate)
which papillae of the tongue are pointy, rough and abrasive A foramen B vallate C filliform D fungiform
filiform papillae used to press food agaisnt pallate
> made of s.s. kerat
which area(s) can you find ordinary lining mucosa? A gums B soft palate C lips D anterior 2/3 tongue E posterior 2/3 tongue
soft palate and lips
Where is the sublingual major salivary gland located and what does type of secretion does it have?
Under tongue, mucous secretion
what controls the contraction of muscularis externa?
A meissner plexus
B auberach plexus
auerbachs plexus
Which epithelium cells are rounded, can slide across one another to allow stretching and are found in the bladder?
Transitional
Transitional epithelium transitions between collapsed and stretched when bladder empties and fills
where would simple epithelium be found vs. stratified (generally)
found on INSIDE as its thin and fragile but useful where diffusion is needed - absorption, diffusion.
stratified found on OUTSIDE where its exposed to chemical/mechanical stresses
What salivary glands secrete continuously A submandibular B minor C paratoid D sublingual
Minor salivary glands to keep the oral cavity moist!
> the others secreteON DEMAND
what are mesentries?
balls of visceral peritoneum that surround the intestine and help with regualr intestine folding
attatch other organs to the posterior wall of abdomen
> abdominal cavity lined with parietal peritoneum
what type of muscle is the tongue?
smooth
skeletal
cardiac
skeletal! as its under voluntary control!!
> intrinsic muscle extend and curve / extrinsic muscle makes it mobile
which part(s) of the large intestine have mesentries? Aascending trasnverse descending sigamoid colon
transverse and sigamoid have mesentries
> other don’t as they are ttatched to the rear abdominal wall
where is specialised oral mucosa found?
anterior 2/3 of tongue covered in ligual papille
which salivary gland has seromucous salivia A paratoid B submandibular C sublingual D minor
submadnibular as its a shorter duct
true or false?
the gut has its own intrinsic nervous system?
TRUE
this allows peristaltic control of the gut (enteric nervous system)
> plexus are branching network of nerves!
