Digestive

Question 1

What does the digestive system break food down into and then absorb into the blood stream?

Answer 1

monomers

Question 2

What is the digestive system regulated by?

Answer 2

parasympathetic nervous system

Question 3

Saliva does what?

Answer 3

cleans mouth and dissolves food into bolus

Question 4

Saliva contains enzymes to start the digestion of what macro nutrient?

Answer 4

carbs

Question 5

Salivary glands secrete how much saliva per day?

Answer 5

more than a liter

Question 6

Which salivary gland contain enzymes to break down carbs?

Answer 6

submandibular

Question 7

Which salivary glands contain mostly serous cells? mucous cells?

Answer 7

parotid and submandibular have mostly serous cells

sublingual secrete mostly mucus

Question 8

Which macro nutrient does the stomach digest?

Answer 8

proteins

Question 9

What’s the function of the stomach?

Answer 9

to change bolus into chyme

Question 10

What kind of glands are gastric glands in the gastric pits?

Answer 10

exocrine glands

Question 11

What do parietal glands in the stomach secrete?

Answer 11

hydrochloric acid

Question 12

What does hydrochloric acid active?

Answer 12

pepsinogen & intrinsic factor

Question 13

What do chief cells secrete in the stomach?

Answer 13

pepsinogen

Question 14

What is intrinsic factor needed to absorb?

Answer 14

vitamin b12 - which is needed for RBC production

Question 15

What is the pH of gastric juice?

Answer 15

2

Question 16

What substances are absorbed in the stomach lining?

Answer 16

alcohol and asprin

Question 17

How long are the small intestines?

Answer 17

15 feet long (1-7-7)

Question 18

How long does chyme stay in the small intestines?

Answer 18

1-6 hours

Question 19

What’s the function of the small intestines?

Answer 19

major site of chemical digestion & where nutrients are absorbed

Question 20

What macro nutrient is digested in the duodenum?

Answer 20

fats

Question 21

What glands are active in the duodenum and what is neutralized here?

Answer 21

pancreas and gallbladder; hydrochloric acid

Question 22

What is the jejunum’s function?

Answer 22

chemical digestion and absorption of nutrients

Question 23

What is Ileum rich in?

Answer 23

lymph nodes

Question 24

What is contact digestion?

Answer 24

chyme is broken down by touching the sides which contain villi

Question 25

What do brush boarder enzymes do?

Answer 25

complete the digestion of carbs and proteins

Question 26

How long do substances stay in the large intestine?

Answer 26

12-24 hours

Question 27

What things make up feces? (3)

Answer 27

undigested material, dead epithelial cells, bacteria

Question 28

How long is the large intestine?

Answer 28

5 feet long (cecum to anal canal)

Question 29

What's the function of the large intestine? (2)

Answer 29

absorbs water and electrolytes, forms and expells feces (not much digestion here)

Question 30

What does the liver produce?

Answer 30

bile

Question 31

What does the liver store?

Answer 31

glycogen and fat soluble vitamins

Question 32

What does the liver do to blood?

Answer 32

detoxifies it

Question 33

Where is bile stored?

Answer 33

gallbladder

Question 34

Gastric emptying is under control of which part of the digestive tract?

Answer 34

duodenum

Question 35

What is the endocrine function of the pancreas?

Answer 35

control blood sugar levels (via insulin and glucagon)

Question 36

What is the exocrine function of the pancreas?

Answer 36

produces and secretes digestive enzymes

Question 37

How long does food stay in the stomach?

Answer 37

1-4 hours

Question 38

How often is the lining of the stomach renewed?

Answer 38

every 3 days

Question 39

What is produced when hydrochloric acid is mixed with pepsinogen?

Answer 39

pepsin