digestive anatomy of PIG

Question 1

pigs have an extra bone in nose in their nose called _____
whats it for

Answer 1

os rostrale
rooting behaviours

Question 2

describe upper and lower incisors

Answer 2

lower incisors project rostrally to meet the curved upper incisors to aid in grasping

Question 3

the premolars and molars are adapted to ____ plant material, rather than grinding it as we see in herbivores

Answer 3

crush

Question 4

pig are omnivores, herbivores or carnivores

Answer 4

omnivores

Question 5

what kind of teeth do pigs have

Answer 5

brachydont

Question 6

what surface of cheek teeth is more significant than in carnivores

what do they have many of making the surface irregular

Answer 6

occlusal
tubercle

Question 7

roots of canines

Answer 7

grow for a long time, form the tusks in boars, stop about 2 yrs old in wo2w

Question 8

warthog tusks

Answer 8

distinct tusks, upper and lower canines form tusks upper project laterally beneath the lip and then curving upwards

Question 9

warthog tusks are mainly used for

Answer 9

• fighting and defensive behaviour
• dig up food

Question 10

dental formula pigs

Answer 10

similar to dogs, extra upper molar

2(I 3/3 C 1/1 P 4/4 M 3/3) = 44

Question 11

needle teeth

Answer 11

• i3 and c teeth
• can be clipped at birth
• project laterally
• damage sows teeth

Question 12

babirusa

Answer 12

babirusa has upper tusks that pierce the flesh and grow through the top of its snout

no other wild pigs have this unique feature

Question 13

pig tongue shape
epiglottis shape

Answer 13

narrow tongue, rounded epiglottis

Question 14

papillae in tongue

Answer 14

fungiform, vallate and foliate
(look at pic slide 11)

Question 15

which gland is much larger than in the dog, what does it cover

Answer 15

• parotid gland
• covers the more medial mandibular salivary gland

Question 16

where are the major tonsils.

Answer 16

large flat follicular tonsils on ventral surface of soft palate

extend down lateral walls of oropharynx

Question 17

diverticulum of laryngopharynx is ____ to entrance of esophagus

Answer 17

dorsal

Question 18

stomach is mostly

Answer 18

glandular

Question 19

parts of stomach

Answer 19

cardia, fundus, body, pylorus

Question 20

diverticulum ventriculi

Answer 20

dorsomedial blind pouch which occurs off the fundus, pointing
caudally

Question 21

esophagus in pigs muscle type

Answer 21

skeletal muscle except for the
distal 10% where it transitions to smooth muscle

Question 22

stomach is less distensible; only extends beyond ribs when

Answer 22

engorged

Question 23

non glandular section of stomach

Answer 23

• small section
• whitish, rough, often stained green
• around cardia

Question 24

cardiac region is very

Answer 24

extensive; lining one third of stomach including fundus, diverticulum ventriculi

Question 25

fundic region makes up most of

Answer 25

body of stomach

Question 26

in the lesser curvature of the pylorus is the

Answer 26

fatty pyloricus; a protrusion which serves to narrow the pyloric aperture

Question 27

pig has fairly abundant lymphatic tissue with nodules numerous in the

Answer 27

cardiac gland region, and concentrated in the diverticulum ventriculi

Question 28

stomach ulcers associated with

Answer 28

stress and finely ground feed

Question 29

non glandular region of stomach is around the

Answer 29

esophageal sphincter

Question 30

jejunum consists of a

Answer 30

large number of small loops

Question 31

jejunum location

Answer 31

RHS loops suspended in sublumbar region touching right abdominal wall

Question 32

when stomach is empty jejunum moves when it is full jejunum moves

Answer 32

left and cranially caudally

Question 33

taenia

Answer 33

from distinct longitudinal bands along intestine

Question 34

haustra

Answer 34

taenia cause the intestines to bunch up forming haustra

Question 35

longitudinal muscle layers of intestines are much

Answer 35

thicker; form the longitudinal bands (taenia)

Question 36

caecum location

Answer 36

large, left of abdominal cavity, caudoventrally

Question 37

how many taenia does caecum have

Answer 37

3

Question 38

in the caecum, the ventral band of smooth muscle (ventral taenia) attaches to

Answer 38

iliocaecal fold

Question 39

ascending colon forms a

Answer 39

spiral loops; 3.5 centripetal (towards center) turns enclosing tightly coiled returning centrifugal (towards outer) which leads out of the base of the cone into the transverse colon

Question 40

how many taenia does the centripetal outer loops of colon have (absent in smaller centrifugal coils)

Answer 40

2

Question 41

where does colon lie

Answer 41

middle third of left side of abdomen, leaving the caudal and right regions available to jejunum

Question 42

enclosing tightly coiled returning centrifugal (towards outer) which leads out of the base of the cone into the

Answer 42

transverse colon around root of mesenteries

Question 43

The spiral loop is suspended by the

Answer 43

ascending mesocolon which is attached to the root of the mesentery

Question 44

The transverse colon passes from

Answer 44

right to left cranial to the root of the mesentery.

Question 45

The descending colon is close to the mid‐line

Answer 45

mid‐line

Question 46

The descending colon supported by the

Answer 46

fatty descending mesocolon.

Question 47

T or F a rectal ampulla is present in colon

Answer 47

true

Question 48

liver lies largely to

Answer 48

right of median plane

Question 49

The pig’s liver is fairly mobile, due partly to

Answer 49

deep interlobar notches

Question 50

pig liver lobes

Answer 50

LL, LM, Q, RM, RL, C

Question 51

is there papillary processes

Answer 51

no

Question 52

caudate process does not extend caudally to right kidney, means there is no

Answer 52

Hepatorenal Ligament aka Caudate Ligament

Question 53

what is normal in pig organs

Answer 53

lots of connective tissue; lobules visible on surface

Question 54

connective tissue on liver will make a ________ extremely difficult

Answer 54

needle aspirate

Question 55

The dental formula of pigs is similar to dogs; however, pigs have an extra:

Answer 55

Upper molar

Question 56

The needle teeth in piglets can be clipped at birth. Which teeth are these?

Answer 56

i3 and c

Question 57

The pig has a much larger __________ salivary gland than the dog, which covers the more medial __________ gland.

Answer 57

Parotid; mandibular

Question 58

What is the name of the dorsomedial blind pouch which occurs off the fundus in the stomach of pigs?

Answer 58

Diverticulum ventriculi

Question 59

What kind of glands are present in mucosa of the small, rough, whitish area around the cardia in the pigs stomach?

Answer 59

This area is non-glandualar mucosa

Question 60

In pigs and ruminants there is a fatty protrusion in the lesser curvature of the pylorus, which serves to narrow the pyloric opening. This fatty protrusion is known as the:

Answer 60

Torus pyloricus

Question 61

The longitudinal muscle layer in the intestines of pigs is much thicker than in dogs. As such, they form distinct longitudinal bands along the intestines. What are these bands called?

Answer 61

Taenia

Question 62

The ascending colon in pigs and ruminants forms a spiral loop. Which of the following statements correctly describes the structure of the spiral colon in pigs?

Answer 62

The spiral colon has 3 ½ centripetal turns (towards centre), enclosing tightly coiled returning centrifugal turns (towards outer), which lead out of the base of the cone into the transverse colon

Question 62

Which of the following statements regarding the liver of the pig is INCORRECT? A. It lies mainly to the right of the midline B. The caudate lobe does not have a papillary process C. The caudate process of the caudate lobe reaches the right kidney, and has a impression for the right kidney in it D. Unlike the ruminant, the left and right lobes of the liver are separated into lateral and medial lobes. The pig therefore has a left lateral lobe, left medial lobe, right lateral lobe, and a right medial lobe.

Answer 62

C. The caudate process of the caudate lobe reaches the right kidney, and has a impression for the right kidney in it

Question 63

The longitudinal muscle layer in the intestines in some species are thickened, forming distinct longitudinal bands that are called taenia along the intestines. Which of the following species does NOT have taenia?

Answer 63

Cat