Digestive system Flashcards
(95 cards)
List in sequence the sections of the digestive tract
- Oral cavity (mouth/jaws/lips/tongue/teeth)
2. GI tract - Oesophagus, Stomach, SI, cecum, LI (colon), rectum, anus
Most important feeding structure of vertebrates?
Jaw
Define crown
Part of tooth visible above gum
Define dentin
mineralised substance
Define root
anchor
Define dental pulp
connective tissues, nerves & blood vessels
Define enamel
hard outer substance of tooth.
Inorganic crystals, irreplaceable
Dental formula of dog (upper & lower)?
3142
3143
Dental formula of sheep (upper & lower)?
0033
4033
Tongue properties…?
muscle mass covered in mucous membrane
stratified, squamous epithelium covered in papillae
Different forms of papillae?
filiform fungiform foliate vallate conical
Define prehension and structures involved
Act of getting food into mouth - lips, tongue
Define mastication
1st act of digestion
initiates mechanical breakdown
Motility of mouth enables slicing, tearing, grinding & mixing food
What does mastication stimulate?
Secretion of saliva, gastric juices, bile, pancreatic juices
Define deglutition
Swallowing - relaxed upper oesophageal sphincter & closed soft palate
Draw micro-anatomy of the SI
…
What are the 2 levels of control of the GIT?
Extrinsic - ANS
Intrinsic (enteric) - unique to GIT; nervous & endocrine components
T or F - ANS nerves form link with enteric NS
true
T or F - extrinsic nerves originate within the GIT
false - outside the GIT
ANS influences GIT motility how?
- modifies ongoing activity thru intrinsic plexus
- alters levels of GIT hormone secretion
- Acts directly on SM & glands
Properties & functions of the oesophagus?
To push boluses of food from pharynx to stomach
Contains mucus -> prevents damage
Muscle type in dog & ruminant oesophagus
entirely striated
Muscle type in bird & human oesophagus
entirely smooth
Muscle type in horse, cat & pig oesophagus
striated at origin then to SM