Digestive System

Question 1

Digestion

Answer 1

breaking down of food and release of nutrients

Question 2

Absorption

Answer 2

nutrients are taken into cells that line GI tract

Question 3

Transport

Answer 3

nutrients are then circulated through the body

Question 4

Cell metabolism

Answer 4

nutrients used to carry out bodily functions

Question 5

Types of Digestion

Answer 5

Mechanical Digestion

Chemical Digestion

Question 6

Mechanical Digestion

Answer 6

movement of food through the GI tract
2 ways to move food with muscles
-muscle tone
-peristalsis (moving food in one direction)

Question 7

Peristalsis

Answer 7

moving food in one direction

Question 8

Chemical Digestion

Answer 8

chemicals released to break down food

Question 9

Chemicals used in chemical digestion

Answer 9

Enzymes 
acids and buffer ions
mucous
H2O and Electrolytes
Bile

Question 10

Enzymes

Answer 10

proteins that break down food

Pepsin (protein splitting) and gastric lipase (fat splitting)

Question 11

Acids and buffer ions

Answer 11

regulate the pH of the GI tract

Question 12

Mucous

Answer 12

help mix food together

protects small intestine from stomach acid

Question 13

H2O and electrolytes

Answer 13

help carry nutrients into cells

Question 14

Bile

Answer 14

breaks down fat into smaller pieces

Question 15

Mechanical

Answer 15

muscles mix and move food
food then poured into small intestine
time depends on density and quantity

Question 16

3 main chemicals

Answer 16

hydrochloric acid
Enzymes (pepsin and gastric lipase)
Mucous

Question 17

Digestion of small intestine

Answer 17

Majority of chemical digestion

mechanical - more peristalsis

Question 18

Digestion of small intestine Chemical Pancreatic enzymes

Answer 18

pancreatic amylase (breaks down carbs)
trypsin and chymotrypsin (breaks down protein)
pancreatic lipase (breaks down fat)

Question 19

Digestion of small intestine Chemical Intestinal enzymes

Answer 19

lactase-lactose
maltase - maltose
aminopeptidase - amino acids

Question 20

Other chemicals in digestion in the small intestine

Answer 20

mucous
bile
hormones (control all enzyme reactions)

Question 21

Products of digestion. What is absorbed?

Answer 21

Carbohydrates (glucose, fructose, galactose)
Protein (amino acids)
Fat (glycerides, fatty acids)

Vitamins and minerals are released from food

Question 22

Absorption Processes

Answer 22

diffusion
active transport
pinocytosis

Question 23

diffusion

Answer 23

process of H2O and nutrients moving across cell membrane

Question 24

active transport

Answer 24

particles are moved into cell with help of outside source

Question 25

pinocytosis

Answer 25

cell drinking

Question 26

3 absorbing structures

Answer 26

muscosal folds
villi
microvilli

Question 27

Only thing left for large intestine to do is absorb

Answer 27

water and excrete solid waste

Question 28

Transport

Answer 28

Vascular system

Lymphatic system

Question 29

Vascular System

Answer 29

arteries and veins
arteries carry nutrients to cell
veins carry waste away from cell

Question 30

Lymphatic System

Answer 30

Lymph nodes and vessels

transport antibodies and white blood cells
solid fat and non water soluble materials