Digestive System Flashcards
What does the digestive system do?
-breaks down food and turns into into energy like glucose
-ends with the elimination of waste
What is the Mouths role in the digestive system?
-Chewing breaks down food and turns it into bolus (food and saliva)
What is the Oesophagus’ role in the digestive system?
- food is squeezed down from the mouth into the stomach by the oesophagus
What is the Stomachs role in the digestive system?
-HCL denatures proteins and converts personage into pepsin
-also lipase into lipids
-this results in mushy food called chyme
What is pepsin?
-Pepsin breaks down proteins
-in the stomach
-activated by HCL
What is lipase?
-breaks down lipids
-HCL denatures it
-Found in the small intestine
What is the Small Intestines role in the digestive system?
-duodenum receives chyme & releases chemicals that stimulate the release of bile
What is the Duodenum?
-The start of the small intestine
What is the Ileum?
-The last section of the small intestine
What is the Jejunum?
-The middle of the small intestine
What are villi?
- Finger-like projections
- found in the inner line of the small intestine
Villi role?
-help absorb nutrients by increasing surface area for absorption
What is the Large Intestines role in the digestive system?
-leftovers/ waste
-water is reabsorbed
-uses peristalsis
What is the Rectum and Anus’ role in the digestive system?
- faeces are stored in the rectum
- removed in the anus
What is peristalsis?
- constriction and relaxation of muscles in the intestine
