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From Flashcardlet > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

This deck was created by combining two or more decks (88 cards)

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0
Q

Bone like material, dentin under enamel, embedded in jaw

A

Root

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1
Q

Teeth r to

A

Masticate

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2
Q

Enamel covered part of tooth above gum

A

Crown

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3
Q

What r 4 kinds of teeth

A

Incisors, canines, premolars, molars

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4
Q

contains connective tissue, blood vessels & nerves

- supplies food to the tooth

A

Central pulp cavity

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5
Q

2 parts of tooth

A

Crown n root

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6
Q

What is the hardest body surface

A

Enamel

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7
Q

How many permanent teeth

A

32

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8
Q

Route for vessels and nerves to enter tooth

A

Root canal

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9
Q

Mucous membrane lined oral cavity

A

Mouth

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10
Q

Fleshy projection of soft palate at posterior edge

A

Uvula

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11
Q

Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine are part of

A

Alimentary canal

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12
Q

Posterior roof of mouth

A

Soft palate

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13
Q

Anterior roof of mouth

A

Hard palate

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14
Q

Digestive system 4 functions

A

Takes in food
Breaks it down into nutrient molecules
Absorbs them into the blood stream
Rids body of indigestible remains

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15
Q

Hollow muscular tube through ventral body cavity, open at both ends

A

Alimentary canal

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16
Q

Digests and absorbs food

A

Alimentary canal

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17
Q

Protect anterior opening of the mouth

A

Lips

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18
Q

Form lateral walls of mouth

A

Cheeks

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19
Q

Two groups of organs of the digestive system

A

Alimentary canal. Accessory digestive organs

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20
Q

Alimentary canal is also called

A

GI tract

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21
Q

Assist in digestive breakdown

A

Accessory digestive organs

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22
Q

Space btwn lips/cheeks & teeth and gums

A

Vestibule

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23
Q

Space containednbynteeth

A

Oral cavity

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24
On floor of mouth, attachedby hyoid bone and styloid process
Tongue
25
Mucous membrane that secures tongue to floor of mouth
Frenulum
26
Pair of lymphatic tissues at posterior end of oral cavity
Palatine tonsils
27
When enflamed or enlarged they block throat and swallowing becomes difficult
Palatine tonsils
28
Oropharynx then
Laryngopharynx
29
Common passage for food and air
Pharynx
30
Describe the two layers of skeletal muscle in the pharynx
Inner layer is circular | Outer layer runs longitudinal. Allows for peristalsis
31
Gullet from pharynx to stomach
Esophagus
32
How long is the esophagus?
10"
33
What are the 4 tunics in the alimentary canal from esophagus to large intestine?
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
34
Inner layer of AC. Moist membrane, surface epithelium, some connective tissue & some smooth muscle
Mucosa
35
Beneath mucosa, soft connective tissue w blood vessels, nerve ending, lymph nodes & lymph vessels
Sub mucosa
36
Muscle layer, inner circulary & outer longitudinal layer
Muscularis externa
37
Outermost layer, visceral peritoneum continuous w parietal peritoneum
Serosa
38
What are the two nerve plexus in the AC (autonomic nervous system)?
Submucosal nerve plexus | Myenteric nerve plexus
39
c-shaped organ on left side of abdominal cavity
stomach
40
region of stomach near heart where food enters
cardiac region
41
cardiac region of stomach surrounds
cardioesophogeal/loweresophogeal sphincter
42
expanded part of stomach, lateral to cardiac region
fundus region
43
mid portion of stomach
body
44
terminal end of stomach, continuous w small intestine
pylorus
45
separates stomach and small intestine
pyloric sphincter
46
how much food can the stomach hold?
1 gal
47
temporary storage tank and for food breakdown
stomach
48
product of stomach digestion
chyme
49
describe some processes that go on in the stomach (7)
churns, mixes, and pummels food=> leads to physical breakdown chemical breakdown of proteins begins stomach mucosa produces large amount of mucus gastric glands secrete gastric juices chief cells produce protein digesting enzymes parietal cells produce HCl, activates enzymes stomach wall protected by alkaline mucus
50
the major digestive organ
small intestine
51
the small intestine extends from
pyloric sphincter to illeocecal valve
52
3 sections of the small intestine
duodenum, jejunum, illeum
53
how much food is chemically digested in the small intestine
a small amount at a time
54
what prevents the small intestine from being overwhelmed?
pyloric sphincter
55
what enzymes complete digestion in the small intestine?
pancreatic
56
what also enters w pancreatic juice?
bile
57
nearly all food absorption is ind
small intestine
58
what increase surface area of small intestine?
microvilli, villi, and circular folds
59
villi contain and food is absorbed into where?
blood and lymphatic capillaries
60
what increases towards the end of small intestine?
Peyer's patches
61
how long is the large intestine?
5 ft
62
reabsorbs water and eliminates residues
L. intestine
63
subdivisions of L intestine
cecum, appendix, colon, rectum, anal canal | appendix hangs from cecum
64
regions of the colon
ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid colon
65
region of colon that runs up the right side of abdomen
ascending
66
region of colon across abdomen
transverse
67
region of colon that runs down left side of abdomen and enters pelvis
descending colon
68
S shaped part of colon
sigmoid
69
anal canal has external voluntary and
internal involuntary sphincter
70
what produces mucus in the L intestine?
goblet cells
71
pocket like sacs in L intestine
haustra
72
what are the accesory digestive organs?
pancreas, liver, gall bladder, teeth, salivary glands
73
extends from spleen to duodenum and produces enzymes to break down food
pancreas
74
pancreas alkaline juices neutralize
acidic chyme
75
largest gland, three lobes, under diaphragm towards right side
liver
76
liver is suspended from diaphragm and abdominal wall by the
falciform ligament
77
liver produces
bile
78
yellowish green water solution
bile
79
emulsify fats aiding in fat digestion
bile salts
80
bile contains
bile salts, bile pigments, cholesterol, phospholipids, and electrolytes
81
sectete in mouth
salivary glands
82
where r the parotid salivary glands?
anterior to the ears
83
these glands empty into the floor of the mouth
submandibular salivary and sublingual salivary glands
84
mixture of mucus and serous fluids
saliva
85
saliva contains
salivary amylase, lysozyme, and antibodies
86
thin walled green sac in shallow fossa on inferior surface of liver
gall bladder
87
stores and concentrates bile
gall bladder

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