DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Question 1

WHICH PROCESS OCCURS THROUGH MOST OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL?

Answer 1

PROPULSION

Question 2

PANREATIC JUICE

Answer 2

BUFFERS CHYME

Question 3

ALIMENTARY CANAL

Answer 3

GI TRACT

MOUTH, PHARYNX, ESOPHSGUS, STOMACH, SMALL INTESTINE, LARGE INTESTINE

Question 4

ABSORPTION LOCATIONS

Answer 4

SMALL INSTESINE - MAIN SITE FOR WATER, PROTEINS, LIPIDS, CARBS

LARGE INTESTINE - ABSORPTION OF WATER AND ELIMINATION

Question 5

LAYERS OF ALIMENTARY CANAL

Answer 5

MUCOSA (DEEPEST)
SUBMUCOSA
MUSCULARIS
SEROSA (MOST SUPERFICIAL)

MOUTH/PHARYNX/ESOPHAGUS HAVE ADVENTITIA INSTEAD OF SEROSA

Question 6

STOMACH

Answer 6

TEMP HOLDING SITE
MIXING/BREAKING UP FOOD INTO CHYME
GASTRIC JUICE SECTRETION - CHEMICAL DIGESTION

Question 7

GASTRIC GLANDS

Answer 7

IN GASTRIC PITS OF STOMACH

SECRETE GASTRIC JUICE

Question 8

PARIETAL CELLS

Answer 8

HCL AND INTRINSIC FACTOR

Question 9

CHIEF CELLS

Answer 9

PEPSINOGEN

Question 9

ENTEROENDOCRINE CELLS

Answer 9

GASTRIC HORMONES (CCK, GLP-1, GASTRIN ETC)

Question 10

MUCOUS NECK CELLS

Answer 10

UPPER STOMACH ONLY

SECRETE THIN, ACIDIC MUCOUS

Question 11

SMALL INTESTINE

Answer 11

FROM PYLORUS OF STOMACH TO CECUM OF LARGE INSTESTINE, APPROX 6 METERS

MAIN SITE OF DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION

1) DUODENUM 2) JEJUNUM 3) ILUEM - ENDS AT ILEOCECAL VALVE

Question 12

PANCREAS

Answer 12

ENDOCRINE FUNCTION - INSULIN PRODUCTION FOR SUGAR REGULATION

DIGESTIVE ENZYMES - PANCREATIC JUICE W/DIGESTIVE ENZYMES CREATED IN ACINAR AND DUCT CELLS HELP BREAK DOWN MACRONUTRIENTS

Question 13

LARGE INTESTINE

Answer 13

ABSORBS REMAINING WATER AND CREATES STOOL

BACTERIA SYNTHESIZE: BIOTIN, VITAMIN K, PANTOTHENIC ACID

Question 14

SALIVA CAN CONTAIN ALL OF THE FOLLOWING EXCEPT:
MUCOUS
AMYLASE
ANTIBODIES
PEPSINOGEN

Answer 14

PEPSINOGEN

Question 15

PANCREATIC JUICE IS DELVERED TO THE SMALL INTESTINE THROUGH THE

Answer 15

PANCREATIC DUCT

Question 16

AMYLASE

Answer 16

CHEMICALLY DIGESTS CARBOHYDRATES

Question 17

LIVER

Answer 17

BILE PRODUCTION
METABOLISM
VITAMIN AND MINERALS
VIT D

Question 18

BILE

Answer 18

SECRETED BY HEPATOCYTES
SYNTHESIZED BY LIVER AND GALLBLADDER

Question 19

BILIRUBIN

Answer 19

PRINCIPLE PIGMENT

RELEASED TO DUODENUM VIA COMMON BILE DUCT

EMULSIFIES FATS INTO MICELLE

Question 20

GLYCOGENOLYSIS

Answer 20

PROCESS BY WHICH GLYCOGEN IS BROKEN DOWN INTO SINGLE UNITS OF GLUCOSE

Question 21

GLUCONEOGENESIS

Answer 21

CREATING GLUCOSE FROM NON-CARBOHYDRATE PRECURSORS

Question 22

GLYCOGENESIS

Answer 22

FORMATION OF GLYCOGEN FROM GLUCOSE MOLECULES

Question 23

PROTEIN DIGESTION

Answer 23

PROTEINS MUST BE BROKEN DOWN INTO SINGLE AMINO ACIDS TO BE ANSORBED INTO BLOOD STREAM

PEPSIN CLEAVES THE LINKKS BETWEEN AMINO ACIDS IN LARGE PROTEIN MOLECULES

Question 24

LIPID DIGESTION/ABSORPTION

Answer 24

TRIGLYCERIDES (MOST ABUNDANT) ARE BROKEN DOWN INTO MONOGLYDERIDES AND FATTY ACID MOLECULES MOST ARE WATER INSOLUBLE - DIFFUSED THROUGH THE BRUSH BORDER OF A CELL VIA POLAR ENDS THROUGH THE PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER

Question 25

CARBOHYDRATE DIGESTION/ABSORPTION

Answer 25

ENZYMES BREAK DOWN POLYSACCHARIDES AND DIASACCHARIDES INTO MONOSACCHARIDES FOR ABSORPTION SALIVARY AMYLASE: CLEAVES GLYSODIC BONDS, DEACTIVATED WHEN BOLUS REACHES STOMACH BC OF pH DIFFERENCE PANCREATIC AMYLASE: MAIN BREAK DOWN OF CARBS IN SMALL INTESTINE LARGAE INTESTIN: ANY REMAINING CARBS BROKEN DOWN VIA FERMENTATION FROM BACTERIA BC OF LACK OF DIGESTIVE ENZYMES