REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Flashcards
(25 cards)
WHAT HYPOTHALMIC HORMONE CONTRIBUTES TO REGULATION OF MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM?
GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE
FROM WHAT STRUCTURE DOES THE CORPUS LUTEUM ORIGINATE?
TERTIARY FOLLICLE
GAMETE
SPECIALIZED SEX CELL WTIH 23 CHROMOSOMES (1/2 THE NUMBER NEEDED IN BODY CELLS - AKA HAPLOID)
FEMALE - OOCYTE
MALE - SPERMATOZOA
SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES
COILED TUBING OF SERTOLI CELLS AND SPERMATOGONIA (PREMATURE SPERM) WHERE ALL STAGES OF SPEMR MATURATION OCCUR
SERTOLI CELLS
NOURISH AND PROTECT DEVELOPING SPERM
SECRETE: 1) INHIBIN
2) ANDROGEN-BINDING PROTEIN (ABP)
BLOOD TESTIS BARRIER
SEPARATES THE INTERSTITIAL PORTION OF THE OF THE TESTIS FROM THE LUMEN OF THE TUBULES
LEYDIG CELLS
PRODUCE TESTOSTERONE AKA INTERSTITIAL CELS
SPERMATOGENESIS
PRIMARY SPERMATOCYTE UNDERGOES MEIOSIS I AND CREATES (2) SECONDARY SPERMATOCYTES
SECONDARY SPERMATOCYTES UNDERGO MEISIOS II AND CREAT (4) SPERMATIDS
THE SPERMATIDS UNDERGO SPERMIOGENISIS THAT TURNS THEM INTO SPERM CELLS/SPERMATOZOA
ACROSOME
A “CAP” THAT COVERS MOST OF THE HEAD OF THE SPERM AND CONTAINS LYSOSOMAL ENZYMES TO AID IN THE PARTICIPATION OF FERTILIZATION
GnRH
GONADITROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE RELEASE FROM HYPOTHALAMUS AND DELIVERED TO THE ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND
ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND
AFTER RECIEVING GnRH - RELEASES 1) FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE AND 2) LUTENIZING HORMONE
FSH - MALE
TARGETS SERTOLI CELLS AND DIRECTLY STIMULATES PRIMARY SPERMATOCYTES TO UNFERGO MEIOSIS I
LH - MALE
BINDS TO RECEPTORS ON LEYDIG CELLS AND STIMULATES THE RELEASE OF TESTOSTERONE
ABP (ANDROGEN BINDING PROTEIN) HELPS CONCENTRATE THE TESTOSTERONE WITHIN THE SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES
ONCE TESTOSTERONE REACHES CRITICAL LEVELS - IT WILL BIND TO ANDROGEN RECEPTORS IN HYPOTHALAMUS AND ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND - INHIBITING THE RELEASE OF THEIR RESPECTIVE HORMONES (GnHR / FSH, LH)
OVARIAN FOLLICLE
OOCYTES AND THEIR SUPPORTING CELLS - GROW AND DEVELOP IN A PROCESS CALLED FOLLICULOGENESIS WHICH TYPICALLY LEADS TO OVULUATION APPRX EVERY 28 DAYS
OOGENESIS
CREATION/DEVELOPMENT OF FEMALE GAMETE
FOLLIICULOGENESIS
REMEMBER: WITHIN EACH FOLLICLE IS A PRIMARY OOCYTE
PRIMORDIAL FOLLICLES - SINGLE FLAT LAYER OF SUPPORT CELLS, PRESENT IN FEMALES AT BIRTH
PRIMARY FOLLICLES - SINGLE LAYER OF GRANULOSA CELLS BECOME ACTIVE AND TRANSITION INTO CUBOIDAL SHAPE AS THEY INCREASE IN SIZE AND PROLIFERATE
SECONDARY FOLLICLES - GRANULOSA CELLS DIVIDE FURTHER AND FOLLICLE BECOMES LARGER IN DIAMETER. DEVELOP NEW LAYER OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE CALLED THECA CELLS: ENDOCRINE CELLS THAT PRODUCE ANDROGEN (ANDROSTENEDIONE) THAT IS CONVERTED TO ESTRADIOL BY GRANULOSA CELLS
TERTIARY FOLLICLES - MATURE FOLLICLES - MANY FOLLICLES WILL REACH THIS STAGE AT THE SAME TIME BUT MOST WILL UNDERGO ATRESIA AND THE ONES THAT DO NOT DIE WILL CONTINUE TO GROW UNTIL OVULATION
CORPUS LUTEUM
FOLLICULAR CELLS DEVELOPED INTO AFTER OOCYTE IS RELEASED - TEMPORARY ENDOCRINE STRUCTURE
SECRETES PROGESTERONE
CORPUS ALBICANS
IF EGG IS NOT FERTILIZED, IT DEGENERATES INTO CORPUS ALBICANS - MASS OF FIBROUS SCAR TISSUE
FSH - FEMALE
STIMULATES THE FOLLICLES TO GROW
STIMULATES GRANULOSE AND THECA CELLS TO PRODUVE ESTRADOIL (TYPE OF ESTROGEN)
ESTRADOIL
PRODUCES BY THECA AND GRANULOSA CELLS
LARGE AMOUNTS PRODUCED IN THE FOLLICLES INHIBITS THE HYPOTHALAMUS AND PITUITARY TO RELEASE GnRH, LH, AND FSH
TERTIARY FOLLICLES NEED FSH TOO SURVIVE - SO THE DROP IN FSH LEVELS CAYSE MOST TO DIE - ONLY ONE FOLLICLE SURVIVES AND GOES ON TO RELEASE ITS OOCYTE DURING OVULATION
WHICH PITUITARY HORMONE CONTRIBUTES TO THE REGULATION OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM?
FOLLICE-STIMULATING HORMONE
WHICH HORMONE STIMULATES LEYDIG CELLS TO PRODUCE TESTOSTERONE?
LUTEINIZING HORMONE
WHICH HORMONE INHIBITS FSH AND LH TO ENSURE ONLY ONE MATURE FOLLICLE IS RELEASED PER MENSTRUAL CYCLE
ESTRADIOL
WHICH FOLLICLE SECRETES PROGESTERONE?
CORPUS LUTEUM
