Digestive System

Question 1

Group of organs and structures that work together to break down food, absorb nutrients and eliminate waste

Answer 1

Digestive system

Question 2

Type of digestion which happens outside of cells, usually in a digestive cavity

Answer 2

Extracellular digestion

Question 3

Type of digestion that happens inside cells

Answer 3

Intracellular digestion

Question 4

Physical breakdown of food into smaller pieces

Answer 4

Mechanical digestion

Question 5

Breaking down of food molecules into smaller, simpler substances using enzymes and acids

Answer 5

Chemical digestion

Question 6

A digestive system with separate entrance and exit cavities

Answer 6

Complete digestive system

Question 7

A digestive system with only one opening for food intake and waste removal

Answer 7

Incomplete digestive system

Question 8

An enzyme that helps break down starches

Answer 8

Amylase

Question 9

A soft mass of chewed food that is shaped for swallowing

Answer 9

Bolus

Question 10

Opening where food is taken in

Answer 10

Mouth or oral cavity

Question 11

Exocrine glands located in and around the mouth and throat that produces saliva

Answer 11

Salivary glands

Question 12

A muscular tube that connects the mouth to the esophagus. A passageway for food and air

Answer 12

Pharynx (throat)

Question 13

A long tube that connects the throat to the stomach

Answer 13

Esophagus

Question 14

Waves of muscle contractions which force food down through the digestive tract

Answer 14

Peristalsis

Question 15

Located at the end of the esophagus, controlled by a sphincter that prevents food from flowing back

Answer 15

Stomach

Question 16

Ring-like muscles that maintain constriction of a body passage

Answer 16

Spincter

Question 17

A mixture of hydrochloric acid (HCl), pepsin, digestive enzymes, water and mucus that aids in digestion

Answer 17

Gastric juices

Question 18

Enzyme that breaks down proteins into smaller peptides

Answer 18

Pepsin

Question 19

The main site for nutrient absorption

Answer 19

Small intestine

Question 20

The C-shaped first section of the small intestine where bile from the liver and enzymes from the pancreas help break down fats, proteins and carbohydrates

Answer 20

Duodenum

Question 21

The middle section of the small intestine responsible for further digestion and nutrient absorption

Answer 21

Jejunum

Question 22

The final section of the small intestine which absorbs nutrients, vitamin B12 and bile acids before passing food into the large intestine

Answer 22

Ileum

Question 23

A semifluid mass of partially digested food formed in the stomach and intestine during digestion

Answer 23

Chyme

Question 24

Absorbs the remaining nutrients and water, then forms, stores and eliminates waste

Answer 24

Large intestine

Question 25

Part of the large intestine that receives digested food from the small intestine and moves it to the colon

Answer 25

Cecum

Question 26

Part of the large intestine that may help store good bacteria and support the immune system

Answer 26

Appendix

Question 27

The longest part of the large intestine. Absorbs water and electrolytes. Secretes mucus to help waste move

Answer 27

Colon

Question 28

Stores feces until elimination through the anal canal

Answer 28

Rectum

Question 29

Opening at the end of the digestive tract where stool leaves the body

Answer 29

Anus

Question 30

Removal of fecal matter through the anus

Answer 30

Defecation

Question 31

Hard structures in the mouth that help break down food

Answer 31

Teeth

Question 32

Muscular organ in the mouth covered with mucous membranes and taste buds

Answer 32

Tongue

Question 33

Stores and concentrates bile from the liver

Answer 33

Gallbladder

Question 34

A gland that produces digestive enzymes such as amylase, protease and lipase and releases insulin to regulate blood sugar levels

Answer 34

Pancreas

Question 35

A organ that processes nutrients, detoxifies harmful substances and produces bile for digestion

Answer 35

Liver

Question 36

Digestive system with a single-chambered stomach commonly found in mammals

Answer 36

Monogastric or simple digestive system

Question 37

A lightweight digestive system that has two chambers

Answer 37

Avian digestive system

Question 38

Herbivores mainly have this type of digestive system which has four chambers

Answer 38

Ruminant or Polygastric digestive system

Question 39

The first compartment of a ruminant's digestive system where most digestion happens

Answer 39

Rumen

Question 40

Second compartment of ruminant system. Connected to the rumen and works as a filter

Answer 40

Reticulum

Question 41

Regurgitation of recently ingested food from the stomach back into the mouth, followed by rechewing and swallowing or spitting out

Answer 41

Rumination

Question 42

Third compartment of ruminant system which helps absorb water

Answer 42

Omasum

Question 43

Fourth compartment of ruminant system. Produces digestive enzymes to break down food. It is the true stomach of ruminants

Answer 43

Abomasum

Question 44

Digestive system with a three-chambered stomach (no omasum)

Answer 44

Pseudo-ruminant digestive system