digestive system

Question 1

define the term tissue:

Answer 1

A group of similar cells working together to perform a common function

Question 2

name of disease that causes, sticky, thick mucus to build up in organs in the human body:

Answer 2

cystic fibrosis

Question 3

what is an organ system?

Answer 3

multiple organs working together to produce a functions

Question 4

In plants, what are leaves examples of?

Answer 4

organs

Question 5

What is the definition of an organ?

Answer 5

an organ is a group of tissues that work together to carry out a function

Question 6

what is the role of the digestive system?

Answer 6

is to digest large, insoluble molecules into smaller soluble molecules

Question 7

what is peristalsis?

Answer 7

a wave of contraction and relaxation among the walls of a hollow muscular system

Question 8

what are enzymes?

Answer 8

protein that act as a biological catalyst that increase the rate of many chemical reactions in our body

Question 9

what is an oesophagus?

Answer 9

a muscular tube that connects the mouth and stomach

Question 10

what is the function of the esophagus in the digestive system?

Answer 10

• Its a muscular tube that connect the mouth and the stomach
• it moved the food down from the mouth to the stomach through a process called peristalsis

Question 11

function of stomach in your digestive system:

Answer 11

• it produces enzymes and hydrochloric acid
• it can breakdown food physically and chemically

Question 12

in the digestive system what intestine is first small or large?

Answer 12

• small intestine first

Question 13

what happens in the small intestine?

Answer 13

• thats where most of digestion occurs

large insoluble molecules are broken down into small soluble molecules and absorbed in the blood streams

Question 14

what does the liver produce?

Answer 14

bile

Question 15

what are the functions of bile?

Answer 15

• breaks down fats into fatty acids
• helps remove cholesterol

Question 16

function of salivary glands:

Answer 16

help to break down with the help of teeth. moistens the food and makes it easier to make the chewed food into a bolus

Question 17

what does saliva have?

Answer 17

it has enzymes- a biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions in your body

Question 18

what is a bolus?

Answer 18

chuck of chewed insoluble molecules

Question 19

what is an esophagus?

Answer 19

soft muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach

Question 20

process name of food going from esophagus to stomach:

Answer 20

peristalsis

Question 21

what is glandular tissue?

Answer 21

found in stomach

releases hydrochloric acid

Question 22

importance of hydrochloric acid:

Answer 22

1- balances ph in ur stomach
2- kills pathogens like bacteria
3- prodcues enzymes

Question 23

what organs are connected to the duodanum?

Answer 23

liver and pancreas

Question 24

what is the function of bile?

Answer 24

neutralise hydrochloric acid

Question 25

what does pancreas produce?

Answer 25

digestive enzymes

Question 26

where is undigested food stored

Answer 26

rectum

Question 27

The digestive system has two main roles. Briefly describe each of them.

Answer 27

1- to break down large food molecules into smaller food molecules 2- absorption of minerals

Question 28

what enzyme does salivary glands produce?

Answer 28

amylase- breaks down starch into maltose

Question 29

what enzyme does the stomach produce?

Answer 29

- pepsin

Question 30

what type of enzyme is pepsin?

Answer 30

protease

Question 31

Which enzymes does the pancreas produce?

Answer 31

amylase, protease, lipase

Question 32

Which enzymes does the small intestine produce?

Answer 32

amylase, protease, lipase

Question 33

3 roles of the stomach

Answer 33

1- The stomach contracts its muscular walls to churn and mix the food. 2- It produces pepsin, which is a type of protease enzyme, and breaks proteins down into amino acids. 3- It produces hydrochloric acid, which a) provides the right pH for pepsin to function, and b) kills microorganisms.

Question 34

Give three ways in which villi are adapted for this role.

Answer 34

- There are many villi, which gives them a large total surface area over which to absorb nutrients They have a single layer of cells on their surface, which means nutrients only have to diffuse a short distance. They have a good blood supply which maintains a strong concentration gradient between the lumen and the blood