infection and response- communicable diseases Flashcards
topic 4 bio (17 cards)
what is a communicable disease?
disease that can be spread among individuals
what kind of cells are bacterial cells?
prokaryotic cells meaning they have no nucleus, and the genetic material is loops or a plasmid
epidemiology meaning?
its the study of oh how communicable diseases are spread in individuals or a population
what is a pathogen?
is a microorganism that causes infections
what is a microorganism?
its a small living thing
name three types of common pathogens:
- bacteria
- virus
- fungi
what kind of cell is a bacteria and is it harmful?
- a bacteria is a prokaryotic cell, and no not all bacterias are harmful
are viruses alive? how do they reproduce?
- viruses are dead but use host cells of their to replicate
what kind of cells are fungi and name an example of a not harmful fungi:
- fungi are eukaryotic
- one example of a not harmful FUNGI is yeast
what kind of cell is a protist? what features do they have
- eukaryotic
- have features individual plant, animal, fungi single-celled
how does bacteria makes us feel unwell? and what do they release?
by entering the body and duplicating bacteria releases toxins
how do viruses make us feel unwell? can they replicate?
- viruses cant replicate like bacteria
- the viruses use the DNA of a cell to replicate themselves
- after they used the cell they burst out and kill the cell
what do viruses use to replicate? and what happens after they do so?
- viruses use the dna to replicate and once they used the cell they burst out and kill the cell
name some ways in which pathogens can be transmitted:
- direct contact
- food
- body fluids
- air particles
- vector
what is a vector?
an organism that spreads diseases between organisms but doesn’t actually cause the disease
how can we prevent malaria?
- kill the vector
- use mosquito nets
ways to prevent a disease from spreading:
- isolating
- no sharing utensils
- vaccinations
- avoid direct contact
- washing hands more often
