Digestive System

Question 1

the digestive system prepares food for _____ and utilization by all the cells of the body.

Answer 1

absorbsion

Question 2

the food material that isn’t absorbed becomes ____ that is eliminated.

Answer 2

feces.

Question 3

digestion depends on both endocrine and exocrine secretions and the controlled movement of ingested food materials from the _____ tract.

Answer 3

gastrointestinal.

Question 4

the main organs of the digestive system form the GI tract as it extends through the _____ cavity.

Answer 4

aminopelvic.

Question 5

ingested food material passing through the lumen of the GI tract is _____ the internal enviornment of the body.

Answer 5

outside.

Question 6

GI tract is made of four layers of tissue; mucosa, _____, muscularis and serosa.

Answer 6

submucosa

Question 7

layers of the GI tract have various _____ to enable it to perform digestive functions.

Answer 7

modifications.

Question 8

in the buccal cavity, there are two pallets; _____ and _____.

Answer 8

hard and soft

Question 9

the hard palate consists of portions of four bones; two _ and two palatines.

Answer 9

maxillae

Question 10

the soft palate forms partition between the mouth and the nasopharynx and is made of muscle arranged in an _____.

Answer 10

arch.

Question 11

the _____ is suspended from the soft palate arch and closes the nasopharynx while swallowing.

Answer 11

uvula

Question 12

_ glands are the largest of the paired salivary glands

Answer 12

Parotid

Question 13

Parotid glands produce watery saliva containing _.

Answer 13

Enzymes.

Question 14

_ glands contain enzyme and mucous producing elements

Answer 14

Submandibular

Question 15

_ glands are the smallest of the salivary glands and produce w mucous type of saliva

Answer 15

Sublinguinal

Question 16

_ teeth are the 20 baby teeth which appear early in life

Answer 16

Deciduous

Question 17

Permanent teeth are the _ teeth which replace the deciduous teeth

Answer 17

32

Question 18

The pharynx us the tube which a _ passes when moved from mouth to esophagus by the process of deglutition.

Answer 18

Bolus

Question 19

The _ is the tube that extends from the pharynx to the stomach.

Answer 19

Esophagus.

Question 20

The esophagus is the _ segment of the digestive tube.

Answer 20

First.

Question 21

The size of the stomach varies according to factors such as gender and amount of _.

Answer 21

Distension

Question 22

When no _ is in the stomach, the stomach is about the size of a large sausage.

Answer 22

Food.

Question 23

In adults, max capacity of the stomach ranges from 1-1.5 _.

Answer 23

Liters.

Question 24

_ muscles are circular fibers arranged so that there is an opening in the center when relaxed and no opening when contracted.

Answer 24

Sphincter

Question 25

_ sphincter controls the opening of the esophagus into the stomach

Answer 25

Cardiac

Question 26

_ sphincter controls the outlet of the pyloric portion of the stomach into the duodenum

Answer 26

Pyloric

Question 27

In the gastric mucosa, the _ glands secrete most of the gastric juice.

Answer 27

Gastric

Question 28

The _ cells are secretory cells found in the gastric glands that secrete the enzymes of gastric juice

Answer 28

Chief

Question 29

The _ cells are secretory cells found in the gastric glands, and the secrete hydrochloric acid and the intristic factor which is needed for B12 absorbsion.

Answer 29

Parietal

Question 30

The gastric muscular is a thick layer of muscle with three distinct sub layers of smooth muscle tissue arranged in a _ pattern.

Answer 30

Crisscrossing.

Question 31

This crisscrossing pattern allows the stomach to contract slowly at many _.

Answer 31

Angles.

Question 32

The stomach is a _ for food until it is partially digested and moved further along the GI tract.

Answer 32

Reservoir.

Question 33

The stomach secretes _ juice to aid in digestion of food.

Answer 33

Gastric

Question 34

The stomach breaks food into small _ and mixes them with gastric juice

Answer 34

Particles

Question 35

The stomach secretes _ factor.

Answer 35

Intrinsic

Question 36

there is _____ absorbsion in the stomach.

Answer 36

limited

Question 37

the stomach produces _

Answer 37

gastrin

Question 38

the stomach helps protect body from _ bacteria swallowed with food.

Answer 38

pathogenic

Question 39

the small intestine is a tube apporximatley 2.5 cm in diameter and _ meters in length.

Answer 39

6

Question 40

coiled small intestine loops fill most of the _ cavity.

Answer 40

abdominal

Question 41

the _ is the uppermost division.

Answer 41

duodenum

Question 42

the duodenum is _ cm long.

Answer 42

25

Question 43

the duodenum is shaped like the letter _.

Answer 43

C.

Question 44

the _ is the middle layer that is appoximatley 2.5 meters lond.

Answer 44

Jejunum.

Question 45

the _ is the lowermost part division and is about 3.5 meters long.

Answer 45

ilium.

Question 46

intestinal lining has _ with villi.

Answer 46

plicae

Question 47

_ are important modifications of the mucosal layer.

Answer 47

villi

Question 48

each _ contains an arteriole, venule and lacteal.

Answer 48

villus

Question 49

the villus are covered by a _ made up of 1700 ultrafine microvilli per cell

Answer 49

brush border

Question 50

villi and microvilli increase the _ of the small intestine hundreds of times.

Answer 50

surface area

Question 51

the large intestine is also referred to as the _

Answer 51

colon

Question 52

the diameter of the large intestine is _ cm and the length is _ meters.

Answer 52

6; 1.5

Question 53

the large intestine plays a major role in _ reabsorbsion

Answer 53

water

Question 54

the veriform appendix is an _ organ of the digestive system

Answer 54

accessory

Question 55

the appendix is around _ cm in length.

Answer 55

10

Question 56

the appendix communicates with the _.

Answer 56

cecum

Question 57

the appendix houses normal _

Answer 57

flora

Question 58

the _ is a large continuous sheet of serous membrane

Answer 58

peritoneum

Question 59

the peritoneum is made of parietal and _ layers

Answer 59

visceral

Question 60

the mesentary is the projection of the _ peritoneum

Answer 60

parietal

Question 61

the mesentary allows free movement of each coil of the intestine and helps prevent _ of the intestines.

Answer 61

strangulation

Question 62

the _ is the largest gland of the body

Answer 62

liver

Question 63

the liver lies under the _

Answer 63

diaphram

Question 64

the liver occupies most of the right _

Answer 64

hypochondrium

Question 65

the liver is also a part of the _

Answer 65

epigastrium

Question 66

the liver is involved in _- ingested toxic substances and toxic substances formed in the intestines may be changed to nontoxic substances by liver cells

Answer 66

detoxification

Question 67

_ secreted by the liver

Answer 67

bile

Question 68

bile salts are formed in the liver from _ and are the most essential part of bile

Answer 68

cholesterol

Question 69

liver cells secrete approximately _ pint of bile per day

Answer 69

one

Question 70

liver metabolism carries out numerous important steps in the _ of proteins, fats and carbohydrates

Answer 70

metabolising

Question 71

the liver has storage of substances such as _ and some _

Answer 71

iron; vitamins

Question 72

the liver has production of important plasma proteins like _ and fibrinogen

Answer 72

albumin

Question 73

the gallbladder is a pear shaped sac about _ cm long.

Answer 73

10

Question 74

the gallbladder holds _ mL of bile

Answer 74

30-50

Question 75

the gallbladder lies on the undersurface of the _.

Answer 75

liver

Question 76

the gallbladder stores_.

Answer 76

bile

Question 77

the concentration of bile fivefold to _

Answer 77

tenfold

Question 78

the gallbladder ejects the concentrated bile into the _

Answer 78

duodenum

Question 79

the pancreas is a gray and pink colored _

Answer 79

gland

Question 80

the pancreas is a _ pancake looking gland that is around _ cm long.

Answer 80

15

Question 81

the pancreas runs from the duodenum, behind the stomach, to the _

Answer 81

spleen

Question 82

the pancreas has _ that secrete digestive enzymes

Answer 82

acinar units

Question 83

the pancreas has beta cells that secrete _

Answer 83

insulin

Question 84

the pancreas has alpha cells that secrete _

Answer 84

glucagogns

Question 85

in infant digestive systems, there is immature intestinal _

Answer 85

mucosa

Question 86

intact proteins can pass through epithelial cells lining the tract and trigger _ response

Answer 86

allergic

Question 87

_ affects infants who lack the enzyme lactase

Answer 87

lactose intolerance

Question 88

_ are a virus in the salivary parotid gland

Answer 88

mumps

Question 89

_ is more common in adolescents and then decreases with advancing age

Answer 89

appendicitis

Question 90

in middle age, _ and gallbladder disease are more common

Answer 90

ulcers

Question 91

in old age, decrease digestive fluids and slowing of peristalsis lead to constipation and _

Answer 91

diverticulosis

Question 92

the primary function of digestive system is to bring essential _ into the internal enviornment so that they are available to each cell of the body

Answer 92

nutrients

Question 93

mechanisms used to accomplish primary function of the digestive system are ingestion and _

Answer 93

digestion

Question 94

_ of GI wall- physically breaks down large chunks of food material and moves food along the tract

Answer 94

motility

Question 95

secretion of digestive _ allows chemical digestion

Answer 95

enzymes

Question 96

_- movement of nutrients through the GI mucosa into the internal enviorment

Answer 96

absorbsion

Question 97

_- excretion of material that is not absorbed

Answer 97

elimination

Question 98

_ digestion- movements of the digestive tract

Answer 98

mechanical

Question 99

change ingested food from large particles into _ particles, facilitating chemical digestion

Answer 99

minute

Question 100

_ contents of the GI lumen to mix with digestive juices and allow the food to come into contact with the surface of the intestinal mucosa, facilitating absorbsion

Answer 100

churn

Question 101

propels food along the _ eliminating digestive waste from the body

Answer 101

alimentary tract

Question 102

_ is chewing movements

Answer 102

mastication

Question 103

_ is the process of swallowing

Answer 103

deglutition