Digestive System

Question 1

Where is the parotid salivary gland located?

Answer 1

Ventral to Ear Canals

Question 2

Where is the mandibular salivary gland located?

Answer 2

Caudal Angle of Mandible

Question 3

Where is the sublingual salivary gland located?

Answer 3

Just Under Base of Tongue

Question 4

What tooth type is responsible for “grasping”?

Answer 4

Incisors

Question 5

What tooth type is responsible for “tearing”?

Answer 5

Canines

Question 6

What tooth type is responsible for “cutting”?

Answer 6

Premolars

Question 7

What tooth type is responsible for “grinding”?

Answer 7

Molars

Question 8

What is the dental formula of the adult dog?

Answer 8

I 3/3, C 1/1, P 4/4, M 2/3

Question 9

What structure in the mouth are unique to ruminants?

Answer 9

Dental Pad

Question 10

Which sphincter is located where the esophagus meets the stomach?

Answer 10

Cardia

Question 11

Which part of the stomach expands as more food is swallowed?

Answer 11

Fundus

Question 12

Which part of the stomach grinds food and regulates hydrochloric acid?

Answer 12

Pyloric Antrum

Question 13

Which sphincter controls how much ingesta follows the path after the stomach?

Answer 13

Pylorus

Question 14

What does gastrin do?

Answer 14

Increases the Production of HCI

Question 15

Where is gastrin produced?

Answer 15

G Cells in Pyloric Antrum of Stomach

Question 16

Where is hydrochloric acid produced?

Answer 16

Parietal Cells in Body of Stomach

Question 17

What are the four chambers of the ruminant stomach?

Answer 17

Rumen, Omasum, Reticulum, Abomasum

Question 18

In the ruminant, simple carbohydrates/sugars and peptides are converted into what type of molecule during fermentation?

Answer 18

Volatile Fatty Acids

Question 19

What structure is found in the stomachs in neonates of ruminants that keep liquid from the esophagus from going into the rumen?

Answer 19

Reticular Groove

Question 20

What is the function of a villi?

Answer 20

Allows More Absorption and Secretion

Question 21

(found with villi)

Answer 21

Produces Cells that Replace the Tips of Villi

Question 22

What is the function of a microvilli?

Answer 22

Gives Cells Extra Space for Absorption

Question 23

Where does fermentation take place during the hindgut process?

Answer 23

Cecum & Colon

Question 24

What species participate in hindgut fermentation?

Answer 24

Equine, Guinea Pigs, Rats, Rabbits

Question 25

What is mechanical digestion?

Answer 25

Grinding and Breaking Down of Food

Question 26

What is chemical digestion?

Answer 26

Use of Chemicals to Further Digest Food

Question 27

Where does chemical digestion begin and with what chemical?

Answer 27

Mouth, Saliva

Question 28

What are the six categories of nutrients?

Answer 28

Water, Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Vitamins, Minerals

Question 29

What nutrient has the highest energy density?

Answer 29

Lipids

Question 30

Which three nutrients are energy producing?

Answer 30

Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids

Question 31

What are the three categories of carbohydrates?

Answer 31

Sugars, Starches, Cellulose

Question 32

Where can sugar (carbohydrates) be found?

Answer 32

Fruits, Sugar Cane, Honey, Milk, Sugar Beets

Question 33

Where can starches (carbohydrates) be found?

Answer 33

Grains, Root Vegetables, Legumes

Question 34

Where can cellulose (carbohydrates) be found?

Answer 34

Most Vegetables

Question 35

What the difference between a peptide and a protein?

Answer 35

The Number of Amino Acids

Question 36

How many amino acids does a protein chain contain?

Answer 36

50 or more

Question 37

What is positive nitrogen balance?

Answer 37

Protein Breakdown

Question 38

What is an example of a positive nitrogen balance?

Answer 38

Pregnancy, Muscle Building

Question 39

What is negative nitrogen balance?

Answer 39

Protein Breakdown > Tissue Building

Question 40

What is an example of negative nitrogen balance?

Answer 40

Starvation

Question 41

Which process (catabolism/anabolism) describes the breakdown of nutrients into smaller molecules to produce energy?

Answer 41

Catabolism

Question 42

Which process (catabolism/anabolism) describes the use of stored energy to assemble new molecules?

Answer 42

Anabolism

Question 43

During catabolism, what do carbohydrates break down into and how much energy is produced?

Answer 43

Glucose, 38

Question 44

During catabolism, what do lipids break down into and how much energy is produced?

Answer 44

Glycerol & Fatty Acids, 148

Question 45

During catabolism, what do proteins break down into and how much energy is produced?

Answer 45

Amino Acids, Less than Lipids

Question 46

Which stage of catabolism does breakdown of nutrients occur?

Answer 46

Stage 1

Question 47

Which stage of catabolism does anaerobic respiration occur?

Answer 47

Stage 2

Question 48

Which stage of catabolism does ADP turn into ATP for energy and aerobic respiration occur?

Answer 48

Stage 3

Question 49

What happens during hydrolysis?

Answer 49

Breakdown of nutrients (water)

Question 50

What happens during biosynthesis?

Answer 50

Cells use ATP to create substances

Question 51

What is the dental formula for puppies?

Answer 51

i3/3 c1/1 p3/3

Question 52

What is the dental formula for kittens?

Answer 52

i3/3 c1/1 p3/2

Question 53

What is the dental formula for an adult cat?

Answer 53

I3/3 C1/1 P3/2 M1/1

Question 54

What are the three parts of the small intestine?

Answer 54

Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum

Question 55

What are the three parts of the large intestine?

Answer 55

Cecum, Colon, Rectum

Question 56

What is the function of the liver?

Answer 56

Remove toxins, produce bile

Question 57

What is the function of the pancreas?

Answer 57

Produce insulin/glucagon