digestive tract histology

Question 1

esophagus: epithelia type?

Answer 1

nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 2

esophagus: upper 1/3 exists of?

Answer 2

striated muscle

Question 3

esophagus: middle and lower 1/3 exists of?

Answer 3

smooth muscle

Question 4

where in the esophagus striated muscle?

Answer 4

upper 1/3

Question 5

where in the esophagus smooth muscle?

Answer 5

lower 1/3

Question 6

nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

which part of digestive tract?

Answer 6

esophagus

Question 7

stomach: wat color are parietal cells in histology?

Answer 7

pink (eosinophilic)

Question 8

stomach: what color are chief cells in histology?

Answer 8

dark purple red (basophilic)

Question 9

stomach: what type of exocrine cells?

Answer 9

parietal cells: secrete gastic acid
chief cells: secrete pepsinogen (inactive form; cleaves proteins)

Question 10

parietal cells: role?

Answer 10

secrete gastric acid

Question 11

which cells in stomach secrete gastric acid?

Answer 11

parietal cells

Question 12

chief cells: role?

Answer 12

secrete pepsinogen

Question 13

which cells in stomach secrete pepsinogen?

Answer 13

chief cells

Question 14

chief cells: where in stomach?

Answer 14

at the base of glands
in fundus and corpus

Question 15

what does pepsinogen do?

Answer 15

inactive form of pepsin

digests proteins

Question 16

what does the duodenum have to increase the absorptive surface?

Answer 16

villi and microvilli

plicae circulares

Question 17

villi and microvilli: role?

Answer 17

increase absorptive surface

Question 18

what kind of glands in duodenum?

Answer 18

Brunner glands

secrete bicarbonate

Question 19

what do Brunner glands do?

Answer 19

secretes bicarbonate

protects the mucosa from acidic stomach contents

Question 20

where are the Brunner glands located?

Answer 20

in the submucosa of the duodenum

Question 21

what kind of crypts in duodenum?

Answer 21

crypts of Lieberkuhn

Question 22

what is the role of the crypts of Lieberkuhn?

Answer 22

contain stem cells

replace enterocytes, goblet cells, Paneth cells

Question 23

what do Paneth cells secrete?

Answer 23

antimicrobial compounds: defensins, lysozyme, TNF

Question 24

which cells in the duodenum secrete antimicrobial compounds?

Answer 24

Paneth cells

Question 25

which cells in the duodenum play a role in the innate immune system?

Answer 25

Paneth cells

Question 26

what can you find in the distal duodenum? (anatomically)

Answer 26

plicae circulares

Question 27

plicae circulares: where in duodenum?

Answer 27

distal duodenum everywhere in digestive tract except in first portion of the digestive tract

Question 28

plicae circulares: function?

Answer 28

increase surface area spiral/circular folds in the digestive tract

Question 29

jejunum: histology?

Answer 29

villi, crypts of Lieberkuhn

Question 30

what kind of crypts in jejunum?

Answer 30

lieberkuhn

Question 31

how are the plicae circulares different in the jejenum compared to the ileum?

Answer 31

more numerous and taller (more prominent)

Question 32

where are plicae circulares more prominent?

Answer 32

jejunum

Question 33

jejunum: appearance on CT with oral contrast?

Answer 33

feathered

Question 34

which part of the gut has a feathered appearance on CT with oral contrast?

Answer 34

jejunum

Question 35

duodenum: histology?

Answer 35

villi and microvilli, Brunner glands, crypts of lieberkuhn, plicae circulares

Question 36

ileum: histology?

Answer 36

villi, Peyer patches, crypts of lieberkuhn, plicae circulares largest number of goblet cells

Question 37

goblet cells: role?

Answer 37

secrete mucus

Question 38

where are the largest number of goblet cells in the gut?

Answer 38

ileum

Question 39

where can you find crypts of lieberkuhn?

Answer 39

between villi of the small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ilieum) also in colon

Question 40

where can you find villi (and microvilli) in the gut?

Answer 40

duodenum, jejunum, ileum not in colon

Question 41

where are Peyer patches?

Answer 41

ileum

Question 42

what are Peyer patches?

Answer 42

submucosal lymphoid follicles contain M cells

Question 43

Role of M cells in Peyer patches?

Answer 43

transport antigens to underlying lymphoid follicles -> start immune response

Question 44

villi, peyer patches, plicae circulares, crypts of lieberkuhn. where?

Answer 44

ileum

Question 45

villi, crypts of lieberkuhn, prominent plicae circulares where?

Answer 45

jejunum

Question 46

villi, Bunner glands, crypts of lieberkuhn, plicae circulares where?

Answer 46

duodenum

Question 47

colon: are there villi?

Answer 47

no

Question 48

colon: histology?

Answer 48

crypts of lieberkuhn, abundant goblet cells no villi

Question 49

where are goblet cells abundant?

Answer 49

colon

Question 50

which part of the intestine has no villi?

Answer 50

colon