Disease And Body Defenses Flashcards
(32 cards)
What’s HIV? and how does it spread? And how do u prevent
A virus
Exchange of body fluids during sex
Using condoms/ not sharing needles
What’s colds and flus? How are they spread? And how to prevent it?
A virus
Droplet infection
Flu vaccine
What’s HPV? How’s it spread? And how to prevent it?
A virus
Sexual contact
Use condoms during sex and vaccine
What’s salmonella? How’s it spread? How to prevent? What’s the treatment?
A Bacteria
Contaminated food
Cook food well
antibiotics treatment
What’s athletes foot? How it spread? How to prevent
A fungus
Direct contact
Avoid spread or contact e.g wear shoes
What’s gonorrhoea? How’s it spread? How to prevent and treat?
A bacteria
Sexual contact
Prevent=Use Condom
Treatment = antibiotics
What is turberculosis? How’s it spread?how’s it prevented and treated?
A Bacteria
Droplet infection
bCG vaccine
Treatment= antibiotic
What’s a Potato blight? How’s it spread? How’s it prevented?
A fungus
Spores spread in the air from plant to plant
Spraying plants with fungicide
How dose out skin protect our body
It acts as a barrier to stop bacteria entering the body easy
How does mucous membranes help to protect our body
The lining of the mouth and nose make mucas to trap microgasms
How does our blood clotting help pretect our body
Stops bleeding and the scab stops bacteria entering the cut and acts as a barrier
The 2 special white blood cells that defend us our
Lymphocytes
Phagocytes
What do lymphocytes produce to defend us against what
Antibodies
Microorganisms in blood
Microorganisms have special marker chemicals on the surface called
Antigens
What happens with our lymphocytes when u get infect for the first time
Our lymphocytes produce antibodies that fight the infection until ur better
What’s memory lymphocytes
The 2nd time the microbe enters your body the memory cells recognise the microbe and produce antibodies much faster which prevents u getting sick again
What dose the phagocyte do to the microbe
Surrounds
Engulfs
And digests the microbe
What is active ammunity
-Body makes it’s own antibodies
-Long term ammunity
-Antigen given by vaccine
-Slower takes longer to produce antibodies
What does being immune mean
Can’t catch a disease because they have enough antibodies
What is immunity
Being protected from diseases by having enough antibodies and memory lymphocytes
What is passive immunity
-Antibodies come from somewhere else
-short term immunity
- antibodies made in another organism and transferred
-faster- antibodies are already make and injected
What are antibiotics
Chemicals that Kill bacteria
What’s vitro testing
Let’s the scientists see that the drug works in living cells and the cells don’t die
Very expensive and is often trial and error and needs loads of special equipment
What’s animal testing
This is so the drug doesn’t need to be tested on humans as it can be dangerous
