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Diseases Flashcards

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1
Q

What antigen is associated with dermatomyositis

A

HLA Ag DQA1 *0501

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2
Q

Organisms implicated in dermatomyositis

A

Enterovirus (coxsackievirus b)

GABHS

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3
Q

Periorbital violaceous (heliotropic) erythema crossing the nose bridge

A

Dermatomyositis

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4
Q

Severe prognostic sign of dermatomyositis

A

Dysphagia

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5
Q

+ ANA with speckled pattern

A

Dermatomyositis

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6
Q

Localizes the active site of disease in dermatomyositis

A

MRI

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7
Q

Indicates immunologic activation in dermatomyositis

A

Cd19+ B cells

Indicators of inflammation: vWf Ag, neopterin, Cd19+ B cells

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8
Q

A chronic disease characterized by fibrosis affecting the dermis and arteries of the lungs, kidney and GIT

A

Scleroderma

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9
Q

Earliest manifestation of scleroderma

A

Raynaud phenomenon

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10
Q

CREST Syndrome

A

Calcinosis, raynaud phenomenon, esophageal involvement, sclerosis of skin, telangiectasia

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11
Q

Laboratory finding strongly suggestive of scleroderma

A

+ anti scl 70

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12
Q

Fever of kawasaki disease

A

Fever lasting for at least 5 days

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13
Q

Lymphadenopathy of Kawasaki dse

A

Cervical lymphadenopathy > 1.5 cm usually unilateral

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14
Q

Rash of kawasaki dse

A

Primarily truncal, polymorphous but nonvesical

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15
Q

Cause of kawasaki disease

A

Unknown

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16
Q

IgA mediated vasculitis of small vessels

A

HSP

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17
Q

Organs primarily affected in HSP

A

Skin, GIT, kidneys

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18
Q

Mcc of nonthrombocytopenic purpura in children

A

HSP

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19
Q

Hallmark rash of HSP

A

Palpable petechiae or purpura, evolve from red to brown, last from 3-10 days

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20
Q

Skin biopsy: leukocytoclastic angiitis

A

HSP

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21
Q

Renal biospy finding in HSP

A

IgA mesangial deposition

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22
Q

Most common of the pediatric inflammatory myopathies

A

Dermatomyositis

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23
Q

Diagnosis for TEF

A

Inability to pass an NGT or OGT in the nb

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24
Q

Most common type of EA

A

Type A

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25
Most common esophageal disorder of all ages
GERD
26
Foreign body in the esophagus 6mos-3yrs
Coins
27
In asymptomatic px, blunt objects may be observed up to how many hours
Up to 24 hours
28
Liquid alkali
Liquefactive necrosis
29
Acidic agents
Coagulation necrosis
30
Bilious vomiting
High intestinal obstruction
31
Feculent emesis
Low intestinal obstruction
32
Ground glass appearance in the RLQ with trapped air bubbles seen in meconium ileus
Intestinal obstruction (meconium ileus)
33
Mcc of nonbilious vomiting
Pyloric stenosis (whites>asians, m>f)
34
Metabolic derangement in pyloric stenosis
Hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis
35
Pyloric stenosis (pe findings/dx)
Firm, movable, olive shaped mass; visible peristaltic wave after feeding
36
Surgical procedure fir pyloric stenosis
Ramstedt pyloromyotomy
37
Barium: elongated pyloric channel, a bulge of the pyloric muscle into the antrum
Shoulder sign (pyloric stenosis)
38
Streaks of barium in the narrowed channel
Double tract sign (pyloric stenosis)
39
Most frequent congenital GI anomaly
Meckel diverticulum
40
Congenital aganglionic megacolon
Hirschsprung disease
41
Mcc of lower intestinal obstruction in neonates
hirschsprung disease
42
Currarino triad
Hirschsprung disease in older px: Anorectal malformation Sacral bone abn Presacral masses
43
Shoulder sign
Pyloric stenosis
44
Bird's beak sign
Volvulus
45
Double bubble sign
Duodenal atresia
46
Double tract sign
Pyloric stenosis
47
Coiled spring sign
Intussusception
48
Inverted u sign
Volvulus
49
Doughnut or target sign
Intussusception
50
Coffee bean sign
Volvulus
51
Diarrhea due to the presence of nonabsorbable solutes in the GIT
Osmotic diarrhea
52
Diarrhea due to the activation of intracellular mediators like cAMP, cGMP that stimulate active Cl secretion from crypts
Secretory
53
How much fluid is handled by the GIT of an infant
285 ml/kg/day
54
Stool output of infant
5-10 g/kg/day
55
Hormonal studies for chronic diarrhea
VIP, gastrin, secretin
56
The most common cause of intestinal obstruction bet 3 mos - 6 yrs
Intussusception
57
Intussusception is correlated with what organism
Adenovirus
58
How much fluid is handled by the GIT of an infant
285 ml/kg/day
59
Stool output of infant
5-10 g/kg/day
60
Hormonal studies for chronic diarrhea
VIP, gastrin, secretin
61
The most common cause of intestinal obstruction bet 3 mos - 6 yrs
Intussusception
62
Intussusception is correlated with what organism
Adenovirus
63
How much fluid is handled by the GIT of an infant
285 ml/kg/day
64
Stool output of infant
5-10 g/kg/day
65
Hormonal studies for chronic diarrhea
VIP, gastrin, secretin
66
The most common cause of intestinal obstruction bet 3 mos - 6 yrs
Intussusception
67
Intussusception is correlated with what organism
Adenovirus
68
How much fluid is handled by the GIT of an infant
285 ml/kg/day
69
Stool output of infant
5-10 g/kg/day
70
Hormonal studies for chronic diarrhea
VIP, gastrin, secretin
71
The most common cause of intestinal obstruction bet 3 mos - 6 yrs
Intussusception
72
Intussusception is correlated with what organism
Adenovirus
73
How much fluid is handled by the GIT of an infant
285 ml/kg/day
74
Stool output of infant
5-10 g/kg/day
75
Hormonal studies for chronic diarrhea
VIP, gastrin, secretin
76
The most common cause of intestinal obstruction bet 3 mos - 6 yrs
Intussusception
77
Intussusception is correlated with what organism
Adenovirus
78
How much fluid is handled by the GIT of an infant
285 ml/kg/day
79
Stool output of infant
5-10 g/kg/day
80
Hormonal studies for chronic diarrhea
VIP, gastrin, secretin
81
The most common cause of intestinal obstruction bet 3 mos - 6 yrs
Intussusception
82
Intussusception is correlated with what organism
Adenovirus
83
How much fluid is handled by the GIT of an infant
285 ml/kg/day
84
Stool output of infant
5-10 g/kg/day
85
Hormonal studies for chronic diarrhea
VIP, gastrin, secretin
86
The most common cause of intestinal obstruction bet 3 mos - 6 yrs
Intussusception
87
Intussusception is correlated with what organism
Adenovirus
88
Most common pancreatic disorder in children
Acute pancreatitis
89
First clinical evidence of HBV infection
Elevation of ALT (6-7 wks p exposure)
90
Most valuable single serologic marker of acute HBV infection
Anti HBcAg
91
Marker of active viral replication
HBeAg
92
First serologic marker to appear
HBsAg (coincides with onset of sx)
93
Immunity after immunization
Anti HBs
94
Chronic HBV infection
Anti HBc
95
Acute or recent HBV infections
IgM anti HBc
96
Hematuria
> 5 rbcs/hpf (centrifuged)

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