Infectious

Question 1

Period of communicability of pertussis

Answer 1

7 days after exposure to 4 wks after onset of typical paroxysms

Question 2

Period of communicability of neisseria meningitidis

Answer 2

24 hours after initiating effective treatment

Question 3

Drug of choice for meningococcemia

Answer 3

Penicillin G 250 000 - 400 000 U/kg/day IV in 4-6 divided doses for at least 5-7 days

Question 4

Prophylaxis for N. meningitidis (meningococcemia)

Answer 4

Rifampicin (children)

Ceftriaxone 125 mg single dose IM (18 yo)

Question 5

Rose spots

Answer 5

Salmonella
Maculopapular rashes
Visible on day 7-10 of illness
Lower chest or abdomen
Lasts 2-3 days

Question 6

Chronic carriers for S. typhi

Answer 6

Those who excrete S. typhi for more than 3 months

Question 7

Require very low inocula to cause illness (as few as 10 organism)

Answer 7

Shigella

Question 8

Predominant strain of cholera

Answer 8

01: classic and el tor

Question 9

Late manifestations of congenital syphilis

Answer 9

Frontal bossing (olympian brow)
Hogoumenakis sign
Saber shins 
Saddle nose
Scaphoid scapula
Hutchinson teeth
Mulberry molars
Rhagades
Clutton joint

Question 10

Acute systemic febrile rxn w/ exacerbation of lesions of all px w/ acquired or congenital syphilis who are treated with penicillin

Answer 10

Jarisch-Herxheimer Reaction

Question 11

Fever of leptospirosis

Answer 11

Biphasic

Question 12

Screening for recent or recurrent leptospira infections

Answer 12

Macroscopic agglutination test

Question 13

Most useful screening test

Answer 13

Microscopic slide-agglutination test using killed Ags

Question 14

Period of communicability for measles

Answer 14

4 days before and 4 days after onset of rash

Question 15

When does koplik spots appear

Answer 15

Before the prodrome (high grade fever with conjunctivitis and colds)

Question 16

Timing of appearance of rash in measles

Answer 16

Height of fever

Question 17

SSPE

Answer 17

Measles

Question 18

Period of communicability of rubella

Answer 18

7 days before and 7 days after onset of rash

Question 19

Most characteristic sign of rubella

Answer 19

Retroauricular, posterior cervical, & postoccipital lymphadenopathy
(24 hrs before the rash, remains for 1 week)

Question 20

Forscheimer spots

Answer 20

Rubella

Discrete rose spots on the soft palate

Question 21

Complication of congenital rubella on the heart

Answer 21

Structural defect like PDA

Question 22

Blueberry muffin skin lesion

Answer 22

Congenital rubella

CMV

Question 23

Period of communicability of mumps

Answer 23

I1-2 days before onset of parotid swelling until 5 days after

Question 24

Most frequent complication of mumps

Answer 24

Meningoencephalitis

Question 25

Most common type of roseola

Answer 25

Type B

Question 26

Nagayama spots

Answer 26

Roseola - Asians - ulcers in uvulopalatoglossal junction

Question 27

Period of communicability of varicella zoster virus

Answer 27

1-2 days before onset of rash until 3-7 days after and all the lesions have crusted

Question 28

When is acyclovir given

Answer 28

Most effective if given within 24 hours of onset of rash

Question 29

Cause of hand-foot and mouth disease

Answer 29

Coxsackievirus A16

Question 30

The rash in this infection is not infectious at presentation

Answer 30

``` Erythema infectiosum (parvovirus B19) (Rash & arthropathy represent immune mediated, post-infectious phenomenon) ```

Question 31

Lacy, reticulated appearance of rash esp on the extensors

Answer 31

Erythema infectiosum (parvovirus B19)

Question 32

Fifth disease

Answer 32

Erythema infectiosum (parvovirus B19)

Question 33

Sixth disease

Answer 33

Exanthem subitum (roseola/ hhv 6)

Question 34

The most common manifestation of primary HSV infection

Answer 34

Herpetic gingivostomatitis

Question 35

Herpetic gingivostomatitis hallmark

Answer 35

Skin vesicles and shallow ulcers

Question 36

Herpetic gingivostomatitis most commonly affects

Answer 36

6months - 5 yrs

Question 37

Parts of the brain affected by HSV

Answer 37

Frontal, temporal, and limbic system

Question 38

Gold standard in diagnosis of HSV

Answer 38

Virus culture

Question 39

First human virus to be associated with malignancy

Answer 39

EBV

Question 40

Heterophil antibody (paul bunnell antibodies) positive

Answer 40

EBV

Question 41

Most feared complication of EBV Infectious Mononucleosis

Answer 41

Splenic rupture due to trauma during 2nd week of illness

Question 42

Condition assoc with IM Symm rash on cheeks Mult erythematous papules w/c may coalesce into plaques

Answer 42

Gianotti-crosti syndrome

Question 43

Most common congenital infection which causes the syndrome of cytomegalic inclusion disease

Answer 43

Cytomegalovirus

Question 44

Pathognomonic of CMV infection

Answer 44

Strikingly enlarged epithelial or mesenchymal cells with large intranuclear inclusions