Diseases Linda Flashcards

(30 cards)

1
Q

Pulmonary oedema

A

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the extravascular tissue.

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2
Q

Pericardial effusion

A

accumulation of fluid in the space surrounding the heart.

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3
Q

Aortic rupture:

A

closed chest trauma with mediastinal widening.

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4
Q

Thrombosis

A

develop in the veins where blood flow is slow or static

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5
Q

Mitral stenosis:

A

diffuse thickening of the mitral valve by fibrous tissue or calcified deposits.

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6
Q

Varicose veins:

A

dilated elongated tortuous vessel.

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7
Q

. Aortic dissection

A

disruption of the inner layer of the blood vessel allowing blood to enter the wall of the aorta.

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8
Q

. Plaque

A

fatty material of the inner arterial wall

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9
Q

. Atrial septal defect

A

: free communication between the atria caused by incomplete closure of the foramen ovale.

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10
Q

.Hypertensive heart disease

A

generalised tortuosity and elongation of the ascending aorta

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11
Q

Varicose veins

A

dilated elongated tortuous vessel.

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12
Q

Aortic dissection

A

disruption of the inner layer of the blood vessel allowing blood to enter the wall of the aorta.

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13
Q

Plaque

A

fatty material of the inner arterial wall

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14
Q

Atrial septal defect

A

free communication between the atria caused by incomplete closure of the foramen ovale

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15
Q

Hypertensive heart disease

A

generalised tortuosity and elongation of the ascending aorta

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16
Q

Congestive heart failure

A

inability for the heart to supply the body with an adequate blood supply

17
Q

Hypertension

A

leading cause of strokes and heart disease

18
Q

Tetralogy of Fallot

A

most common cause of cyanotic congenital heart disease.

19
Q

Coronary artery disease

A

narrowing of arteries causing deprivation of oxygen to the myocardium.

20
Q

Coarctation of the aorta

A

narrowing or constriction of the aorta

21
Q

Aortic stenosis

A

obstruction of the left ventricular outflow increases the workload of the left ventricle

22
Q

Embolism

A

part of the clot that becomes detached from the vessel wall.

23
Q

Aneurysm (definition)

A

An excessive localized swelling of the wall of an artery.

saccular and fusiform are types

24
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

symptom of hardened arteries that have a loss of elasticity.

Definition: a disease of the arteries characterized by the deposition of fatty material on their inner walls.

25
Patent ductus arteriosus
vessel connecting the pulmonary artery and the descending aorta.
26
Name the four associated radiographic appearances related to left sided heart failure.
1. cardiac enlargement 2. redistribution of pulmonary venous flow 3. interstitial and alveolar oedema 4. pleural effusion
27
The MRT can influence the size of the heart on an image by changing
1. not using 180 cm 2 PA versus AP 3 supine or erect
28
Blood pressure is dependant upon two factors.
1. cardiac output | 2. total peripheral resistance
29
Name two types of aneurysms
1. saccular (spherical in shape and involve only a portion of the vessel wall) 2. fusiform (bulges out on all sides (circumferentially)
30
In cases of closed chest trauma, what are the other signs besides mediastinal widening that are important for a definite diagnosis of rupture of the aorta
1. widening of the right paratracheal stripe. (usually a normal finding on the frontal chest x-ray and represents the right tracheal wall, adjacent pleural surfaces and any mediastinal fat between them). 2. apical pleural cap sign (refers to a curved density at lung apex seen on chest radiograph) 3. displacement of nasal gastric tube to the right.