Diseases of Prostate

Question 1

How big is prostate

Answer 1

20cc

Question 2

What are the Prostatic Zones called

Answer 2

McNeal

Question 3

What is Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia characterised by

Answer 3

FIbromuscular and Glandular Hyperplasia

Question 4

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia affects

Answer 4

Transition Zone

Question 5

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia is disordered regulation of

Answer 5

Dihydrotestosterone

Question 6

50% of men with BPH have moderate to severe

Answer 6

LUTS

Question 7

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia can result in

Answer 7

BPO or BOO

Question 8

International Prostate Symptom Score Sheet Mild

Answer 8

0-7

Question 9

International Prostate Symptom Score Sheet Moderate

Answer 9

8-19

Question 10

International Prostate Symptom Score Sheet Severe

Answer 10

> 20

Question 11

Tests for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Answer 11

MSSU
Flow Rate Study
Post Void Bladder Residual USS
Bloods: PSA
Urea and Creatinine (chronic retention)

Question 12

If renal failure suspected test

Answer 12

renal tract uss

Question 13

if bladder stone suspected test

Answer 13

renal tract uss

Question 14

if haematuria test

Answer 14

flexible cystoscopy

Question 15

if psa raised test or abnormal DRE

Answer 15

TRUS guided prostate biopsy

Question 16

what medication can be used for risk factors of prostate obstruction

Answer 16

5 alpha reductase inhibitor

alpha blocker

Question 17

Treatment of uncomplicated BPO medical

Answer 17

5 alpha reductase inhibitor

alpha blockers

Question 18

treatment of uncomplicated boo surgical

Answer 18

turn if prostate <100

open retropubic or transvesical prostatectomy if prostate >100

Question 19

name 2 5 alpha reductase inhibitors that could be used for uncomplicated boo

Answer 19

finasteride or dutasteride

Question 20

Alpha Blockers are

Answer 20

main treatment for LUTS due to BPO

Question 21

Smooth muscle of bladder neck and prostate are innervated by

Answer 21

sympathetic alpha adrenergic nerves (Alpha 1)

Question 22

What do alpha blockers do in prostate disease

Answer 22

cause smooth muscle relaxation and antagonist

Question 23

Non Selective Alpha Blockers examples

Answer 23

phenoxybenzamine

Question 24

Selective short acting alpha blockers examples

Answer 24

proposing, indoramin

Question 25

selective long acting alpha blockers examples

Answer 25

alfuzosin, doxazosin

Question 26

highly selective alpha blockers examples

Answer 26

tamsulosin

Question 27

what do 5a reductase inhibitors do

Answer 27

convert testosterone to dihydrotestosterone

Question 28

which 5a reductase inhibitors available for uncomplicated bpo

Answer 28

finasteride (type 2 inhibitor) | dutarsteride (type 1 and type 2 inhibitor)

Question 29

role of 5a reductase inhibitors in prostate disease

Answer 29

reduce prostate size reduce risk of progression of BPE if prostate >25cc Reduces LUtS but alpha blockers better for this potential role in prostate cancer prevention

Question 30

Gold standard for BPO

Answer 30

TURP

Question 31

Treatment of complicated BPO

Answer 31

No role for medical therapy except for acute urinary retention Cystolitholapaxy and TURP for patients with BPO and bladder stones Catherisation

Question 32

The following are absolute indications for surgical intervention in patients with benign prostatic obstruction except: a. refractory acute urinary retention b. refractory chronic urinary retention c. renal failure d. recurrent UTI e. bladder stones

Answer 32

b. refractory chronic urinary retention

Question 33

The following are causes of acute urinary retention in men except: a. spinal cord compression b. urinary tract infection c. constipation d. pain from laparotomy wound e. cystoscopy under local anaesthetic

Answer 33

e. cystoscopy under local anaesthetic

Question 34

3. Short-term urethral catheters (e.g. latex-based ones) should not be left in-situ for longer than: a. 1 week b. 4 weeks c. 8 weeks d. 12 weeks e. 16 weeks

Answer 34

b 4 weeks

Question 35

Long-term urethral catheters (e.g. silicone-based ones) should not be left in-situ for longer than: a. 1 week b. 4 weeks c. 8 weeks d. 12 weeks e. 16 weeks

Answer 35

12 weeks