Diseases Of The Digestive System Flashcards by Brina Quintanilla Reyes

What is the main route for digestive system ?

Fecal - oral

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What does it mean fecal to oral route?

Contaminated food and water

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What is the prevention of fecal to oral rote?

Good sewage treatment
Disinfection of drinking water
Proper food handling

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Majority of infection that effect the digestive system will effect what organ?

Large intestine

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What are the 5 bacterial disease of the digestive system?
( S, SA, T, C, E )

Staphylococcal food poisoning
Salmonella
Typhoid fever
Cholera
Travelers diaherra ( E. coli gastroenteritis )

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What are the viral diseases for the digestive system?

Hepatitis

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What does food infection mean? And becomes what

Pathogen enters the GI tract and multiples
( microbe stay in GI and become Systemic )

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What does food intoxication or food poisoning mean?
And symptoms are due to what?

Ingestion of an exotoxin
( symptoms are due to the toxin not the microbe )

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What does gastroenteritis mean?

Inflammation of stomach and intestinal mucosa

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What are the common symptoms of digestive diseases?

Diarrhea
Abdominal cramps
Nausea & vomiting

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What is the disease of the pre formed exotoxin that causes food intoxication?
( that we learned before this )

Adult botulism

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What is staphylococcus aureus?
( staining, shape and grows)

Positive
Coccus
Clusters

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Staphylococcus aureus is mainly known for its?
( in digestive sense )

Food poisoning

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What causes the food poisoning in staphylococcus aureus?

Ingestion if pre formed exotoxin

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Where are these exotoxins found in? What part of the body?

Nasal passages & skin lesions

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Can staphylococcus aureus tolerate high salt, organic compound and high temperature?

Yes

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Where does staphylococcus aureus grow on to cause food poisoning?

Grows on food

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What are the symptoms of staphylococcus aureus?

Diaherria
Stomach pain

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Can staphylococcus aureus go away within 24 hours in healthy people?

Yes

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Once staphylococcus aureus is ingested, the preformed exotoxin is secreted and also known as ?

Enterotoxin

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What type of foods is staphylococcus aureus mainly known for?

Potato salad
Mayonnaise
Tuna fish
( creamy foods )

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What is a prevention for staphylococcus aureus?

Boil for 30mins to inactive toxin

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Will you get sick if you eat the staphylococcus aureus microbe?

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Will you get sick if you eat the preformed exotoxin of staphylococcus aureus?

Yes

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Exotoxin is a what?

Protein

What is salmonella? ( shape and stain?)

Gram negative Rod

Where is salmonella found in?

Intestines of animals ( mainly poultry eggs )

What is the bacteria that causes salmonellosis?

Salmonella enteritica

What does the cell surface Antigen on a salmonella Enterica tell us? And what are 2 antigens ?

Different species VI - capsule H - flagella

How long is the food infection for salmonella Enterica?

12-36 hours

What are the symptoms of salmonella enteritica ?

Fever nausea vomiting

What are the 3 steps of how salmonella enteritica goes in the body?

1. Enters epithelial cells 2. Multiples in vesicle 3. Inflammatoryresponse

Can salmonella go on it’s own, and how?

Yes within a few days Main key is hydration

Is there a need for salmonella entertica to have antibiotics?

Nah, it’ll go away on its own

Is salmonella Enterica zoonotic?

Yes

What is typhoid fever bacteria?

Salmonella typhi

What is salmonella Typhi ( gram stain and shape?)

Negative Rod

Is salmonella Typhi, or typhoid fever only a human pathogen?

Yes

What are the virulence factors of thyroid fever?

Endotoxins

What is the transmission of typhoid fever?

Oral to fecal

What are the symptoms of typhoid fever?

Fever, rose spots and diaherria later on

What makes typhoid fever symptoms so scary?

Internal bleeding ( perforation of intestinal wall )

What is the treatment for typhoid fever?

Antibiotics

What are the carriers of typhoid fever?

( Typhoid Mary ) Food handlers and found in gallbladder (1-3%)

What are the 4 F’s in typhoid fever stand for?

Feces Flies Fingers Food

What is the prevention of typhoid fever?

Hand washing Clean sewage

What is the vaccine for typhoid fever? (2)

Subunit and live oral vaccine

When do we mainly give out the typhoid vaccine?

Usually to traveling to places where typhoid fever is endemic

What is the bacteria for cholera?

Vibrio cholera

What is vibrio cholera ( stain, shape)

Negative Rod

What is are two major characteristics of cholera?

Comma shape High ph

What is cholera transmission?

Oral to fecal

Are humans the only reservoirs for cholera?

Yes

How do we get cholera?

Contaminated water and undercooked seafood

What does cholera do in the body?

Adheres to the intestinal lining and produces an exotoxin

What is cholera exotoxin?

Choleragen

What is choleragen (enterotoxin) do?

Increases C amp

What are the symptoms of cholera?

“Rice water” watery diaherra

What is the treatment of cholera?

Drinking water and replacing electrolytes

What is the prevention of cholera?

Good water and cooking seafood properly

What is the vaccine for cholera? Given what?

Killed cell vaccine ( oral )

What are some methods to help reduce the risk of cholera?

Boiling water Life straws

What is e. Coli gastrroenteitis ?

Travelers diaherra

What is E. coli? ( stain, shape, anaerobic or aerobe?)

Negative Rod Facultative anaerobic

What is E. coli mainly associated with?

Travels diaherria

How do you get travers diaherria ?

Drinking water that you’re not use to

What is the E. coli under travels diarrhea?

Enterotoxigenic E. coli

Enterotoxigenic E. coli is what symptoms and can be cured by?

Watery diarrhea Hydration

What is enterohemorrgaic E. coli (0157 H7 )

Bloody diarrhea

Where do you mainly find Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (0157 H7)

Cattle

What are some examples of things that can potentially give you enterohemorrhagic E. coli (0157 H7)?

Undercook hamburgers Lettuce Spinach

Is enterhemorrhagic E. coli deadlier than Enterotoxigenic E. coli?

Yes

Why is E. coli 0157 H7 so deadly?

Caused kidney failure in young kids, elderly and immunodeficiency

E. coli 0157 H7 caused what syndrome in the immuno, kids and elders?

Uremic syndrome -> kidney failure

What is hepatitis?

Inflammation of the liver

What is the major symptom of hepatitis ? And is caused by

Jaundice ( make yellow of skin and eyes ) Caused by the bilirubin in the liver

What is hepatitis A? ( family, naked or enveloped, shape, single or double, rna or dna ?)

Piconarvidiae Naked Isosahedral Single Rna

What is hepatitis A transmission?

Oral to fecal ( contaminated water )

What is hepatitis A symptoms?

Fever headache jaundice

Is hepatitis A chronic?

Nope

Does hepatitis A have a vaccine ? And what is it

Yes Killer vaccine in 2 doses

What is hepatitis B? ( family, enveloped or naked, shape. double or single, dna or rna ?)

Hepadnarviridae Enveloped Isosahedral Double Dna

What is the transmission of hepatitis B?

Sex, blood, needles, mother to baby

What are the symptoms of hepatitis B?

Fever Joint pain Jaundice

Is hepatitis chronic and caused what?

Yes 10% Liver cancer

What is hepaticellular caricinoma mean?

Liver cancer

What is the treatment for hepatitis B? ( AI)

Alpha interferon

What is the prevention/vaccine for hepatitis B?

Recombinant subunit vaccine

When do we normally give out the vaccine for hepatitis B?

The second we are born pretty much

What is hepatitis C ( family, Enveloped or naked, shape, single or double, rna or dna ?)

Flaviviridae Enveloped Isosahedral Single Rna

What is hepatitis C transmission?

Blood, needles, tattoos

How chronic is hepatitis C and caused what?

50% Liver cancer

What are symptoms for hepatitis C?

Usually more milder fever than others

What is the treatment for hepatitis C?

Drugs for 2-3 months to cure it ( however really expensive )

Is there a vaccine for hepatitis C?

What is hepatitis D? ( enveloped or non, rna or dna, what type of agent?)

Envelope Rna Defective agent

What is hepatitis D transmission?

Comes from having Hepatitis B ( bodily fluids )

What does defective agent mean for hepatitis D?

Has to have hepatitis B in order to replicate

What are hepatitis D symptoms?

Intensified HBV

Can we prevent hepatitis D?

Yes through the vaccine of HBV ; subunit

What is hepatitis E ( family, single or double, naked or Enveloped or rna or dna ?)

Caliciviridae Single Naked Rna

How is heptiatis E transmitted by?

Oral to fecal

What are the symptoms of hepatitis E?

Similar to hepatitis A Fever headache

Is there a vaccine for hepatitis E?

What is the morality rate of hepatitis E? Adult and pregnant women?

Adult - 1% Pregnant women- 20%

Diseases Of The Digestive System Flashcards

(105 cards)