Distal forelimb (manus) Flashcards
(23 cards)
what is a check ligament and why is it so named
- provide passive support without expenditure of muscular effort
- checking = preventing dropping of fetlock
examples of check ligaments
- proximal check ligament (prevents buckling forward of digit by pulling back on middle phalanx
- distal check ligament (counteracts extension of distal phalanx)
indications for check ligament desmotomy
contracted tendons or laminitis
hind limb analog of ling head of triceps
vastus medialis of quadriceps femoris
hind limb analog of brachiocephalicus
middle gluteal
hind limb analog of cephalic vein
medial saphenous
carpal canal structure and contents
- formed via accessory carpal bone lateral, other carpal bones dorsally, flexor retinaculum on palmar side
- contains tendons and synovial sheaths of superficial and deep digital flexor, ulnar and median nerve, arteries and veins
tarsal canal structure and contents
- formed by tarsal bones and flexor retinaculum
- contains tendon and sheath of long digital extensor, plantar branch of saphenous artery and vein, medial/lateral plantar nerves
superficial digital flexor muscles of forelimbs, actions, and check ligaments
- SDF arises from medial epicondyle of humerus and inserts on proximal end of middle phalanx and distal end of proximal phalanx
- SDF extends carpus and digits
- proximal check ligament is the radial head of SDF m and attaches to the middle phalanx to prevent buckling forward of digit
superficial digital flexor muscles of hindlimbs, actions, check ligaments
- SDF attaches to femur deep to gastrocnemius, attaches superficially to calcanean tuberosity, extends to plantar aspect of the limb and the middle phalange
- SDF responsible for flexing the stifle and digits and extending the tarsus
- no check ligaments are associated with SDF
differentiate between interosseus tendon and ligament
- interosseus ligament is between the olecranon and radius
- interosseus tendon is homologous to interosseus muscle in dogs except it is mostly tendonous and plays a role in the stay apparatus and locomotion
clinical name of interosseus tendon
suspensory ligament
compare/contrast lateral digital extensor tendons of fore and hind limbs
- forelimb: lateral digital extensor muscle extends to proximal or middle phalanges
- hindlimb: completely joins the long digital extensor muscle tendon
compare/contrast the main digital extensor tendons of fore and hind limbs
- fore: common digital extensor tendon extends to distal phalanges
- hind: long digital extensor extends to distal phalanges
what is the name and location of the major artery of the fore and hind cannon regions
- fore: medial palmar artery
- hind: dorsal pedal artery
what is the lever type bone that projects out behind the carpus? what is it in the tarsus?
- carpus: accessory carpal bone
- tarsus: tuber calcis
what are the attachments of the interosseus tendon
cannon bone and lateral sides of proximal sesamoid bones
what can be palpated on the long pastern bone
extensor branch of the suspensory ligament
what does the palmar carpal ligament give rise to
- forms dorsal wall of the carpal canal
- extends beyond the carpus to form the distal check ligament
what are the 3 carpal joints and how much movement is in each
- radiocarpal: considerable movement (most)
- intercarpal: considerable movement
- carpometacarpal: virtually no movement
differentiate between the suspensory apparatus and suspensory ligament
- apparatus: suspensory ligament plus distal sesamoidean ligaments (3 tendons form a passive support system for the fetlock)
- ligament: just the ligament
what is the break joint and significance in sheep production
- distal cannon bone physis
- if physis is broken at the slaughter house, the animal is considered to be a lamb
what parts are similar in fore and hind limb stay mechanisms
suspensory apparatus
