DNA

Question 1

Transcription is

Answer 1

DNA to RNA

Question 2

Translation is

Answer 2

RNA to protein

Question 3

Codon is

Answer 3

A series of 3 bases and is coding for an amino acid

Question 4

Each codon is

Answer 4

1 amino acid

Question 5

DNA sugar is

Answer 5

Sugar (deoxyribose)- phosphate backbone

Question 6

What are the DNA nitrogenous bases?

Answer 6

A T C G

Question 7

What kind of strand is DNA?

Answer 7

Double stranded helix

Question 8

DNA complementary strands are

Answer 8

Antiparallel

Question 9

Is DNA supercoiled?

Answer 9

Yes

Question 10

What kind of sugar does RNA have?

Answer 10

Sugar (ribose)- phosphate backbone

Question 11

What nitrogenous bases does RNA have?

Answer 11

A U G C

Question 12

Is RNA double stranded?

Answer 12

No. Single stranded

Question 13

Is RNA transient in the cell?

Answer 13

Yes

Question 14

What are the RNA subtypes?

Answer 14

mRNA rRNA tRNA

Question 15

What does mRNA stand for?

Answer 15

Messenger RNA

Question 16

What does rRNA stand for?

Answer 16

Ribosomal RNA

Question 17

What does tRNA stand for?

Answer 17

Transfer RNA

Question 18

What is the definition of tRNA?

Answer 18

Transferring amino acids in the protein making.

Question 19

What is the binary fission of replication?

Answer 19

The mother copying DNA

Question 20

What does replication need to start?

Answer 20

Origin of replication

Question 21

Is replication bidirectional?

Answer 21

Yes

Question 22

What process is semiconservative?

Answer 22

Replication

Question 23

What is the definition of semiconservative?

Answer 23

The DNA you get out of the replication process has one new strand but conserved one strand.

Question 24

Does replication need an RNA primer?

Answer 24

Yes

Question 25

What does DNA polymerase do?

Answer 25

Lays down the complimentary translations, proofreads the strand, and gets rid of RNA primers

Question 26

What growth does replication go by?

Answer 26

5 prime to 3 prime

Question 27

How many RNA primers does the leading strand need in replication?

Answer 27

One

Question 28

Which strand of replication can replicate continuously?

Answer 28

The leading strand

Question 29

Which strand of replication does not replicate continuously?

Answer 29

The lagging strand

Question 30

How many RNA primers does the lagging strand need?

Answer 30

Many

Question 31

What is gyrase?

Answer 31

The untwisting of the DNA

Question 32

What is helicase?

Answer 32

Unwinding the helix

Question 33

What is polymerase?

Answer 33

Lays down the basis; DNA builder

Question 34

What is ligase?

Answer 34

Ligating the hole/gap

Question 35

Is transcription is bidirectional?

Answer 35

No. Unidirectional

Question 36

Can both DNA strands be a template for RNA?

Answer 36

Yes

Question 37

Describe transcription

Answer 37

RNA polymerase recognizes DNA promoter sequence, melts a short piece of DNA and adds nucleotides.

Question 38

What growth does transcription use?

Answer 38

5 prime to 3 prime

Question 39

Where does transcription end?

Answer 39

DNA terminator sequence

Question 40

Where does transcription start?

Answer 40

Promoter sequence

Question 41

mRNA have 3 letter codons that code for

Answer 41

Amino acid, start and stop

Question 42

What is Degeneracy?

Answer 42

61 codons for 20 amino acids

Question 43

What's is the anticodons job on tRNA in translation?

Answer 43

Meet the codon that's complimentary to it.

Question 44

What does translation need?

Answer 44

mRNA, ribosome(70S), tRNAs with amino acids

Question 45

What does the acceptor do for translation?

Answer 45

Accept tRNA with amino acids

Question 46

What does the pepidyl do for translation?

Answer 46

Linking amino acids with peptide bonds

Question 47

What does the exit do for translation?

Answer 47

A way for it to exit

Question 48

What is the effect of point mutations?

Answer 48

It may or may not change the protein in some way

Question 49

What is the definition of point mutations?

Answer 49

Mutation of one base

Question 50

In translation, what cell has an mRNA that's can be polycistronic?

Answer 50

Prokaryotes

Question 51

In translation, what cell has an mRNA that's can be monocistronic?

Answer 51

Eukaryotes

Question 52

What is the definition of polycistronic?

Answer 52

Where one mRNA can contain information about more than one gene

Question 53

What is the definition of monocistronic?

Answer 53

Where one mRNA contains information about one gene

Question 54

What ribosome do prokaryotes have in translation?

Answer 54

70S (30S+50S)

Question 55

How many ribosomes can prokaryotes have in translation?

Answer 55

One or more

Question 56

Replication is

Answer 56

DNA to DNA

Question 57

What ribosome do eukaryotes have in translation?

Answer 57

80S (40S+60S)

Question 58

Do all genes for cell functioning need to be turned on at all times?

Answer 58

No because that would be a waste of cellular energy.

Question 59

What is an operon?

Answer 59

Genes controlled by an operator

Question 60

Is an operon pre or post transcriptional control?

Answer 60

Pre transcriptional control

Question 61

What is a lac operon?

Answer 61

An inductive operon that makes enzymes to break lactose down when lactose is present

Question 62

What is a trp operon?

Answer 62

A repressive operon that makes enzymes to synthesize trytophan

Question 63

What is epigenetics?

Answer 63

Binding of epigenetic factors to DNA or RNA to activate or repress genes

Question 64

Is RNA interference pre or post transcriptional control?

Answer 64

Post transcriptional control

Question 65

What is miRNA?

Answer 65

MicroRNA

Question 66

What does microRNA do?

Answer 66

Regulates cell activities

Question 67

What is siRNA?

Answer 67

Short interfering RNA

Question 68

What does siRNA do?

Answer 68

Viral and cellular control