Dna Protein Synthesis

Question 1

Phage

Answer 1

Virus that infects bacteria

Question 2

Which part of phage enters a host cell

Answer 2

Only DNA

Question 3

Monomers of DNA and RNA

Answer 3

Nucleotides

Question 4

True or false? DNA uses the nitrogenous base uracil

Answer 4

False

Question 5

True or False?

RNA uses sugar dextrose

Answer 5

False

Question 6

What would happen to the shape of a DNA molecule is adenine paired with guanine and cytosine paired with thymine

Answer 6

The molecule would have irregular widths along the length

Question 7

True or False?

Amount of adenine is equal to the amount of thymine and the amount of guanine is equal to the amount of cytosine

Answer 7

True

Question 8

True or False?

DNA replication uses each strand of DNA molecule as a template for the creation of a new strand

Answer 8

True

Question 9

What is the purpose of multiple origins of replication on a DNA molecule in eukaryotic cells

Answer 9

They shorten the time necessary for DNA replication

Question 10

What enzyme catalyzes the elongation of a new DNA strand

Answer 10

DNA polymerase

Question 11

Why does DNA get built in the 5 to 3 direction

Answer 11

Because DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides to the 3 end of the growing molecule

Question 12

List the flow of information when a gene directs the synthesis of a cellular component

Answer 12

DNA – RNA – protein

Question 13

What is the transfer of genetic information from DNA to RNA called

Answer 13

Transcription

Question 14

What is the one gene one polypeptide Theory

Answer 14

Function of individual gene to dictate the production of a specific polypeptide

Question 15

How many nucleotides make up one amino acid

Answer 15

3

Question 16

If there are 15 nucleotides how many amino acids will there be

Answer 16

4

Question 17

What enzyme catalyzes the linking together RNA nucleotides to form RNA

Answer 17

RNA polymerase

Question 18

Where do transcription and translation occur in prokaryotic cells

Answer 18

Cytoplasm

Question 19

True or False?

Exons are spliced together

Answer 19

True

Question 20

What takes place during translation

Answer 20

The conversion of genetic information from language of nucleic acids to language of proteins

Question 21

What is the function of tRNA

Answer 21

To join only one specific type of amino acids at once

Question 22

True or False?

Transcription occurs in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells

Answer 22

False

Question 23

Any change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA I called _____________.

Answer 23

Mutation

Question 24

What is a base substitution mutation

Answer 24

When a nitrogen base is changed

Question 25

What is a reading frame mutation

Answer 25

When a T is added or removed

Question 26

What is a mutagen

Answer 26

It causes a mutation by changing nucleotide sequence chemically or physically

Question 27

Who discovered transformation | What is transformation

Answer 27

Griffith | Act of a cell changing shape and function

Question 28

True or False? | Viruses can reproduce by themselves

Answer 28

False

Question 29

Central dogma

Answer 29

Transcription, translation, protein, synthesis

Question 30

Chargaff's rule

Answer 30

``` # A= #T # G= #C ```

Question 31

Translation

Answer 31

Protein synthesis

Question 32

Translation steps

Answer 32

Initiation-start Elongation-building polypeptide chain Termination-end

Question 33

Transcription

Answer 33

Synthesis of RNA

Question 34

How are three RNA related

Answer 34

Make mRNA from DNA to be picked by rRNA who will use more RNA to make protein

Question 35

Transcription steps

Answer 35

Initiation-gene origin recognition Elongation-build mRNA strand Termination-ending of gene recognition