Gene Expression

Question 1

Nonsense mutation

Answer 1

Causes a stop codon

Question 2

Insertion mutation

Answer 2

A base is added

Question 3

Deletion mutation

Answer 3

Base is taken out of DNA sequence

Question 4

Frame shift mutation

Answer 4

Every amino acid shifts a letter
Cat tac cac gta c
Att cac acg tac

Question 5

Repeat expansion mutation

Answer 5

Amino acid is repeated

Question 6

Missense mutation

Answer 6

Replacement of a single nucleotide

Question 7

True or False?
Additional generic info for formation of specialized cells is passed on to developing embryo via the placenta, allowing the zygote to develop into entirely new organism

Answer 7

False

Question 8

True or False?
Genes for enzymes of glycolysis are active in all metabolizing cells, but genes for specialized proteins are expressed in only particular cell types

Answer 8

True

Question 9

True or False?

DNA packing tends to promote gene expression

Answer 9

False

Question 10

True or False?

miRNA can be used by researchers to artificially turn off gene expression

Answer 10

True

Question 11

True or False?

in eukaryotes, one gem cottons the production of just one functioning protein

Answer 11

False

Question 12

True or False?

DNA editing is used to regulate protein production

Answer 12

False

Question 13

True or False?

Basis of cellular differentiation is selective gene expression

Answer 13

True

Question 14

True or False?
Most differentiated cells retain a complete set of their genes and retain ability to express those genes under certain circumstances

Answer 14

True

Question 15

True or False?

Mutations which occur in body cells which do not go on to form gametes can be classified as somatic mutations

Answer 15

True

Question 16

Enzyme that catalyzes the linking together of RNA

Answer 16

RNA polymerase

Question 17

What happens when RNA pol attaches to promoter DNA

Answer 17

Initiation of new RNA mol

Question 18

_____ marks end of gene and causes transcription to stop

Answer 18

Terminator

Question 19

Change in nucleotide sequence

Answer 19

Mutation

Question 20

Agent that changes nucleotide sequence

Answer 20

Mutagen

Question 21

Inactive repressor

Answer 21

Changed shape

Question 22

Fact that nucleus from adult somatic cell can be used to create all of the cell types in a new organism demonstrates that the development of something depends on

Answer 22

Control of gene expression

Question 23

What does gene expression refer to

Answer 23

Process by which genetic info passes from genes to proteins

Question 24

Operon

Answer 24

Regulatory gene, promotor, operator, transcribable genes

Question 25

Barr body

Answer 25

Inactive X chromosome

Question 26

Patterns on cats are example of

Answer 26

X chromosome inactivation

Question 27

Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells use _____ to turn certain genes on or off

Answer 27

Regulatory proteins

Question 28

Enhances

Answer 28

DNA sequence to which activator proteins attach

Question 29

Silencers

Answer 29

DNA sequence to which repressor proteins bind to inhibit start of transcription

Question 30

Exons

Answer 30

Coded region of gene

Question 31

What allows single genes to code for more than one polypeptide

Answer 31

Alternative RNA splicing

Question 32

Small pieces of RNA that regulate mRNA transcription are called

Answer 32

miRNA

Question 33

To initiate signal transduction pathways, a signal binds to a receptor protein usually located in the

Answer 33

Plasma membrane

Question 34

Transcription factors attach to

Answer 34

DNA

Question 35

Signal outside cell triggers changes in transduction and translation inside the cell through the process of

Answer 35

Signal transduction

Question 36

Polyploid

Answer 36

Extra sets of chromosomes

Question 37

Transcriptional activator proteins

Answer 37

Allow RNA pol to do transcription

Question 38

Non disjunction

Answer 38

Failure of genes to separate at cell division

Question 39

Where does splicing take place

Answer 39

Nucleus

Question 40

What kind of deletion if missing chromosome 22

Answer 40

Chromosomal deletion

Question 41

Paracentric inversion

Answer 41

Inversion without centromere

Question 42

Pericentric inversion

Answer 42

Inversion with centromere