DNA Synthesis and Replication

Question 1

DNA POL proofreading

Answer 1

3–>5 exonuclease activity

Question 2

Multienzyme complex

Answer 2

DNA helicase-unwinds
SSB proteins-prevents re-annealing
DNA primase- makes RNA primer
DNA polymerase- makes DNA
DNA ligase-seals nick

Question 3

nucleosome

Answer 3

structure of 8 histones that wrap DNA around them

can be 10 nm (string) or 30 nm (solenoid)

Question 4

H1

Answer 4

fifth histone; important for coiling

Question 5

histone acetylation

Answer 5

role: unwinds DNA from nucleosome; allows for DNA to be transcriptionally active

Question 6

Replication origin events

Answer 6

1-initation protein breaks H bonds and binds AT sequence
2-helicase joins ORC =pre-replicative complex
3-Cdks activate; cell goes from G1–>S
4-DNA polymerase and other proteins load

Question 7

Epigentic inheritance

Answer 7

changes in DNA conformation that changes gene expression

Question 8

Telomerase

Answer 8

helps lagging strand finish replicating by using its subunit with RNA sequence to add the missing bases and beyond. The strand will become cut and DNA pol will use that OH group to make DNA and fill the gap.

Question 9

3’ overhang

Answer 9

the extra that is made due to teloermase; protected by the T loop from degradation