DPT2 + panoramic anatomy

Question 1

In a DPT the image of a skull has been flattened to a 2D image

Question 2

what is the yellow structure of the mandible?

Answer 2

condyle

Question 3

what is the green structure of the mandible?

Answer 3

coronoid process

Question 4

what is the blue structure of the mandible?

Answer 4

ramus

Question 5

what is the red structure of the mandible?

Answer 5

angle

Question 6

what is the purple structure of the mandible?

Answer 6

body

Question 7

what is the pink structure of the mandible?

Answer 7

sigmoid notch

Question 8

what is the yellow structure of the mandible?

Answer 8

mandibular foramen

Question 9

what is the green structure of the mandible?

Answer 9

mental foramen

Question 10

what is the blue structure of the mandible?

Answer 10

inferior alveolar canal
upper and lower borders

Question 11

name this structure of the mandible

Answer 11

submandibular fossa
depression on lingual aspect of mandible caused by salivary gland

Question 12

name the yellow structure

Answer 12

hard palate

Question 13

name the green structure

Answer 13

soft palate

Question 14

name the red structure

Answer 14

anterior nasal spine

Question 15

what is the structure outlined in orange, green and blue?

Answer 15

maxillary sinus
medial wall
floor
lateral wall

Question 16

what is the pink structure?

Answer 16

pterygoid plates

Question 17

what is the red structure?
(top right)

Answer 17

pterygomaxillary fissure

Question 18

what is the yellow structure?

Answer 18

zygomatic arch

Question 19

what is the purple structure?

Answer 19

zygomatic buttress

Question 20

what does a distorted pterygomaxillary fissure suggest?

Answer 20

nerve damage

Question 21

loss of maxillary sinus boundary is an early sign of what?

Answer 21

cancer

Question 22

what is the yellow structure?

Answer 22

nasal cartilages

Question 23

what is the blue structure?

Answer 23

nasal septum

Question 24

what is the green structure?

Answer 24

inferior nasal concha

Question 25

what is the yellow structure?

Answer 25

mastoid process has honeycomb pattern and trabecular bone

Question 26

what is the green structure?

Answer 26

styloid process (stylohyoid ligament)

Question 27

what is the blue structure?

Answer 27

orbital rim

Question 28

what is the yellow structure?

Answer 28

glenoid/mandibular fossa

Question 29

what is the green structure?

Answer 29

articular eminence/tubercle

Question 30

what is the pink structure?

Answer 30

spine of sphenoid

Question 31

what is the blue structure?

Answer 31

mental fossa

Question 32

be able to identify these

Question 33

what is the green structure?

Answer 33

cervical spine

Question 34

what is the red structure?

Answer 34

hyoid bone

Question 35

what is this red structure?

Answer 35

Pituitary fossa/sella turcica - often not seen but can check if enlarged

Question 36

look at the different stages of tooth development

Question 37

what is the yellow structure?

Answer 37

soft palate

Question 38

what is the green structure?

Answer 38

tongue

Question 39

what is the red structure?

Answer 39

bite block

Question 40

what is the yellow structuer?

Answer 40

ear lobe

Question 41

what is the green structure?

Answer 41

external acoustic meatus

Question 42

what is the yellow structure?

Answer 42

epiglottis

Question 43

what is the yellow air space?

Answer 43

oral cavity

Question 44

what is the green air space?

Answer 44

nasal cavity

Question 45

what is the blue air space?

Answer 45

nasopharynx

Question 46

what is the pink air space?

Answer 46

oropharynx

Question 47

what is this dark area circled red caused by?

Answer 47

open lips

Question 48

what are double shadows?

Answer 48

Structures located near the centre of rotation can appear twice

Question 49

what structures can appear as double shadows?

Answer 49

hyoid bone, soft palate, cervical spine

Question 50

what structure is the blue double shadow?

Answer 50

cervical spine

Question 51

what structure is the green double shadow?

Answer 51

soft palate

Question 52

what structure is the yellow double shadow?

Answer 52

hyoid bone

Question 53

what are ghost shadows?

Answer 53

Created by structures between the x-ray source and the centre of rotation Structures on one side are projected onto the other side Appear magnified, blurry, higher and transposed to the other side

Question 54

this is a ghost shadow of what?

Answer 54

posterior mandible

Question 55

this is a ghost shadow of what?

Answer 55

Hard palate ghost shadow above true hard palate

Question 56

the cervical spine is a ghost image The RHS is a ghost image of the LHS and vice versa

Question 57

ghost shadows can also be of foreign bodies what is this a ghost shadow of?

Answer 57

earring

Question 58

"Selection Criteria for Dental Radiography" by the Faculty of General Dental Practice (UK) states that panoramic radiographs should only be taken in the presence of what?

Answer 58

specific clinical signs and symptoms" - never to be used for routine screening.

Question 59

selection criteria for DPT in general practice

Answer 59

Grossly neglected dentition -> generalised caries Periodontal bone assessment Bony lesion or unerupted tooth that cant be seen properly in intra-oral radiographs Assessment of 3rd molars if planning surgical intervention Orthodontic assessment Generally if u cant see full extent on intra-oral radiograph then use panoramic

Question 60

selection criteria for panoramic radiographs in hospitals

Answer 60

Fractures of posterior mandible Maxillary sinus pathology Destructive diseases of TMJ articular surfaces Pre-implant planning - bone height or position of anatomical structures

Question 61

panoramic vs periapical (full mouth 10 images) ? shows more anatomical structures ? has lower dose for full dentition ? have higher resolution

Answer 61

panoramic panoramic periapicals

Question 62

bitewings vs panoramic pseudo bitewing image ? have higher resolution ? allows view of apices not just crowns of molars Choice depends on what you want to see e.g. if calculus deposits then bitewings

Answer 62

bitewings panoramic

Question 63

what is the difference between panoramic and panoramic pseudo bitewing image?

Answer 63

"panoramic pseudo bitewing image" - smaller area radiated -> lower exposure

Question 64

Postero-anterior mandible vs panoramic ? has a lot of superimposition

Answer 64

PA mandible

Question 65

lateral cephalogram vs panoramic ? has superimposition Generally only used in orthodontics to look at jaw positioning

Answer 65

lateral cephalogram

Question 66

Anterior oblique maxillary occlusal vs panoramic With ? can see anatomy at different angles

Answer 66

anterior oblique maxillary occlusal

Question 67

cone beam CT vs panoramic ? can see multiple slices at different angled ? has better detail ? has higher radiation exposure ? requires more expensive and advanced equipment

Answer 67

cone beam CT for all

Question 68

why does the spine appear bigger here and block the anterior teeth?

Answer 68

patient too far back