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Drugs Flashcards

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1
Q

What does metronidazole do to the anticoagulation effect of Warfarin?

A

Increase

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2
Q

How do thiazides affect sodium?

A

Hyponatraemia

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3
Q

Side effect of DPP4 inhibitors (sitagliptin)?

A

Pancreatitis

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4
Q

What electrolyte abnormality can phenytoin cause?

A

Hypocalcaemia

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5
Q

When to stop Warfarin prior to surgery?

A

5 days

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6
Q

INR and surgery?

A

if INR < 1.5, surgery is ok

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7
Q

When is metformin contraindicated?

A

eGFR < 30

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8
Q

Which analgesia commonly causes urinary retention?

A

Opiates

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9
Q

SE of methotrexate?

A

Bone marrow suppression - leukopenia
Teratogenic

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10
Q

SE of leflunomide?

A

HTN
Peripheral neuropathy

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11
Q

SE of sulfasalazine?

A

Oligospermia

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12
Q

SE of hydroxychloraquine?

A

Nightmares
Decreased visual acuity (macular toxicity)

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13
Q

SE of anti-TNF drugs?

A

Reactivation of TB and Hep B

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14
Q

SE of rituximab?

A

Night sweats
Thrombocytopenia

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15
Q

Which factors make paracetamol OD high risk?

A

Chronic alcohol use
HIV
Anorexia
P450 inducers

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16
Q

p450 inducers?

A

St Johns Wort
Carbimazipine
Rifampicin
Phenytoin

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17
Q

H2 receptor antagonist use?

A

Antacids

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18
Q

Alpha 1 agonist use?

A

Decongestants (phenylephrine)

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19
Q

Dopamine antagonist use?

A

Metoclopramide
Schizophrenia

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20
Q

Beta 1 agonist use?

A

Inotropes

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21
Q

Beta 2 agonist use?

A

Bronchodilators

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22
Q

Which drug stimulates the release of vWF?

A

Desmopressin

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23
Q

Ondansetron is ?

A

Serotonin antagonist

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24
Q

Triptans are?

A

Serotonin agonists

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25
SE of ketoconazole?
gynaecomastia
26
Drugs that cause drug induced cholestasis?
COCP Antibiotics: flucloxacillin, co-amox, erythromycin Anabolic steroids, testosterone Chlorpromazine, prochlorperazine Sulphonylureas
27
Drugs that can cause liver cirrhosis?
Methotrexate Methyldopa Amiodarone
28
SE of cyclosporin?
Hepatotoxicity
29
SE of latanoprost?
Eye lash growth
30
How long should there be in between taking thyroxine and calcium/iron?
4 hours
31
How does prednisolone effect anticoagulation effect of warfarin?
Increase
32
Warfarin SE?
Skin necrosis
33
Reversal agent of dabigatran?
Idarucizumab
34
Type of anaemia with methotrexate use?
Megaloblastic microcytic (due to folate deficiency)
35
Ototoxic drugs?
Aminoglycosides (gentamicin) Furosemide Aspirin Cytotoxic agents
36
When should oral tetracyclines be avoided?
Pregnancy Breast feeding Children < 12 years
37
Drugs that cause aplastic anaemia?
Cytotoxics Chloramphenicol Phenytoin Sulphonamides Gold
38
Drugs that can cause warm autoimmune haemolytic anaemia?
Methyldopa
39
H1 receptor antagonist use?
Hayfever
40
Drugs associated with erythema multiforme?
Aminopenicillins Sulfonamides Carbamazepine Allopurinol NSAIDs Oral contraception
41
Electrolyte abnormality that phenytoin can cause?
Hypocalcaemia
42
MOA of fondiparinaux?
Activates antithrombin III which in turn inhibits factor Xa
43
Common SE of metaclopramide?
Diarrhoea
44
What type of drug is Bumetanide?
Loop diuretic
45
Thiazide affect on calcium?
Hypercalcaemia Hypocalciuria
46
Common side effect of indapamide in males ?
Erectile dysfunction
47
SE of beta blockers?
Insomnia
48
Drug which most commonly causes angio-oedema?
ACEi
49
Abx which lower seizure threshold?
Quinolones (Ciprofloxacin)
50
Which 2 drugs interact to cause sever bone marrow suppression?
Azothioprine and allopurinol
51
1ml of Insulin is how many units?
100 units
52
Common cause of urticaria?
Aspirin
53
Management if GI SE of alendronate?
Switch to risedronate
54
Drugs that interact with statins?
Erythromycin and clarithromycin
55
P450 inhibitors? (O DEVICES)
Omeprazole Disulphram Erythromycin Valproate Isoniazid Ciprofloxacin Ethanol Sulphonamides
56
Thiazides affect on glucose tolerance?
Worsen
57
Dugs which can cause gingival hyperplasia?
Cyclosporin CCBs Phenytoin (AML)
58
Measalazine can cause drug induced?
Pancreatitis
59
What typeof drug is dorzolamide?
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
60
Which antibiotics cause ototoxicity?
Aminoglycosides
61
Nitrates SE?
Hypotension Headache Tachycardia Flushing
62
Drugs that can cause tinitus?
Loop diuretics NSAIDs/Aspirin Quinine Aminoglycosides
63
Azothioprine and pregnancy?
Safe in pregnancy
64
Lithium level testing?
Check levels 7 days after dose change, 12 hours after the last dose Once stable 3 monthly
65
What should be checked prior to starting azathioprine?
ECG (rule out long QTc) Baseline LFTs
66
Ondansetron receptor?
5-HT3 antagonist Works on medulla oblongata SE: Constipation, long QT
67
Vancomycin and renal failure?
Vancomycin requires therapeutic monitoring in patients with renal failure
68
Drug induced pancreatitis? (SAM F BS)
Sodium valproate Foroesomide Mesalazine Azothioprine Steroids Bendroflumethiazide
69
What drug can cause ulceration of the gi tract?
Nicranodil
70
Electrolyte abnormality that trimethoprim can cause?
Hyperkalaemia (due to renal tubular dysfunction, also causes rise in creatinine )
71
What cardiac arrhythmia can macrolides cause?
Tdp
72
What drug can precipitate digoxin toxicity?
Thiazides
73
Cause of TDP?
Azithromycin
74
Hepatotoxic anaesthetic agent?
Halothane
75
Fomepizole?
Ethylene glycol toxicity management (anti-freeze) Also ethanol / haemodialysis
76
What do thiadiadonze do?
Increase insulin sensitivity
77
Varenicline?
Nicotine partial agonist
78
Bupropion
Norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitor, and nicotinic antagonist
79
When is bupropion contraindicated?
Bupropion should not be used in a patient with epilepsy as it reduces seizure threshold
80
When should clopidogrel be discontinued before surgery (elective)?
7 days prior
81
How many hours after ingestion should lithium be measured?
12 hours
82
Lithium monitoring?
Lithium level weekly until stable then 3 monthly U+Es and TFTs 6 monthly

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