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PassMed facts > Orthopaedics > Flashcards

Orthopaedics Flashcards

1
Q

Imaging in osteomyelitis?

A

MRI

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2
Q

Genetic conditions predisposing to osteosarcoma?

A

Li-Fraumeni and retinoblastoma

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3
Q

Where does Ewing’s sarcoma commonly affect?

A

Diaphysis of long bones

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4
Q

Staging of bone tumours?

A

Enneking staging

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5
Q

Investigations in bone tumours?

A

XR
MRI - soft tissue involvement
CT - cortical involvement

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6
Q

Loss of fine motor function in UL?

A

Cervical myelopathy

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7
Q

What is classically impaired in adhesive capsulitis?

A

External rotation

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8
Q

Management of undisplayed intracapsular hip fracture?

A

Fit: Internal fixation
Unfit: hemiarthroplasty

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9
Q

Management of displaced intracapsular hip fracture?

A

Total hip replacement if:
1. not cognitively impaired
2. medically fit for anaesthesia
3. able to walk independently outdoor with no more than a stick

Hemiarthroplasty if do not meet above criteria

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10
Q

Management of stable extra capsular hip fracture (intertrochanteric)?

A

Dynamic hip screw

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11
Q

Management of extra capsular hip fracture (reverse oblique, transverse or subtrochanteric)?

A

Intramedullary device

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12
Q

Which location is a red flag in back pain?

A

Thoracic back pain

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13
Q

Type of bone lesion in metastatic prostate cancer?

A

Sclerotic lesions

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14
Q

Type of bone lesion in Paget’s disease and multiple myeloma?

A

Lytic lesions

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15
Q

Rotator cuff tear?

A

Shoulder pain and weakness (exacerbated by overhead activities)
Loss of active ROM
Common in elderly (> 60)
May occur after minor trauma

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16
Q

Investigation to carry out if osteoporosis in a man?

A

Testotsterone

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17
Q

Where is interosseous access most commonly obtained?

A

Proximal tibia

18
Q

What should be corrected before starting bisphosphonates?

A

Vit D
Hypocalcaemia

19
Q

What is divided in surgical management of carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

Flexor Retinaculum

20
Q

What fractures are most associated with compartment syndrome?

A

Supracondylar and tibial shaft

21
Q

Management of fracture of proximal pole of scaphoid?

A

Surgical fixation

22
Q

Sign of a scaphoid fracture?

A

Pain on longitudinal compression of the thumb

23
Q

1st line Pharma management of back pain with no red flags?

A

NSAIDS

Do not offer paracetamol alone

24
Q

Pott’s fracture?

A

Forced foot eversion
Bimalleolar fracture

25
Q

Barton’s fracture ?

A

Distal radius fracture (Colle’s/Smith’s) with associated radiocarpal dislocation
Fall onto extended, pronated wrist

26
Q

Galeazzi fracture?

A

Radial shaft fracture with associated dislocation of radioulnar joint
Direct blow

27
Q

Monteggia’s fracture?

A

Dislocation if the proximal radioulnar joint in association with ulnar fracture
Fall on outstretched hand with forced pronation
Needs prompt management

28
Q

Bennett’s fracture?

A

Infra-articular fracture of the first carpometacarpal joint
Impact on flexed metacarpal
Caused by fist fights

29
Q

Condrocalcinosis on XR?

A

Linear calcification of articular cartilage

30
Q

Management of undisplayed scaphoid waist fracture?

A

Cast for 6-8 weeks

31
Q

What is a significant risk factor for avascular necrosis?

A

Previous chemotherapy

32
Q

DM is a risk factor for developing what shoulder condition?

A

Adhesive capsulitis

33
Q

Management of subluxation of radial head?

A

Passive supination of elbow joint whilst flexed at 90 degrees

34
Q

Lateral epicondylitis?

A

worse on resisted wrist extension/suppination whilst elbow extended

35
Q

Mutation in Marfan’s?

A

Fibrilin

36
Q

Type A Weber fracture?

A

Below syndesmosis

37
Q

Type B Weber’s fracture?

A

Originate at lad q tibial platform and may extend to involve syndesmosis

38
Q

Type C Weber’s fracture?

A

Above syndesmosis (which may itself be damaged )

39
Q

Maisonneuve fracture?

A

Spiral fibra fracture which may lead to disruption of syndesmosis with widening of joint (surgery required)

40
Q

Associations with posterior shoulder dislocation?

A

Seizures / electric shock

41
Q

Associations with anterior shoulder dislocation?

A

Foosh

42
Q

Nerve at risk of injury in total hip replacement?

A

Sciatic nerve (unable to dorsiflex foot?)

PassMed facts (18 decks)

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