Drugs 5:19-36

Question 1

alosetron brand name and uses

Answer 1

• Lotronex

- irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea

Question 2

alosetron dosing

Answer 2

• 0.5 mg twice daily

- decrease to 0.5 mg daily if constipation; max 1 mg bid

Question 3

eluxadoline brand name and uses

Answer 3

• Viberzi

- irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea

Question 4

eluxadoline dosing

Answer 4

75 - 100 mg bid with food; dosage dependent on patient characteristics / drug interactions

Question 5

atropine / hyoscyamine / scopolamine / phenobarbital brand name and uses

Answer 5

• Donnatal
• Donnatal Extentabs
• irritable bowel syndrome / acute enterocolitis

Question 6

atropine / hyoscyamine / scopolamine / phenobarbital dosing

Answer 6

• 1-2 tid to qid; MAX of 8 tablets / day

- Extentabs: 1 q12h or 1 q8h

Question 7

diphenoxylate / atropine brand name and uses

Answer 7

• Lomotil

- diarrhea

Question 8

diphenoxylate / atropine dosing

Answer 8

• 2.5mg tablets
• 2 tabs or tsp qid initially, then daily-bid
• short-term use; DC if no response in 48 hours

Question 9

loperamide brand name and uses

Answer 9

• Imodium

- diarrhea

Question 10

loperamide dosing

Answer 10

• Initial 4 mg, then 2 mg after each loose stool (max= 16 mg/day)
• for chronic diarrhea, slowly titrate maintenance doses downward to lowest effective dose.

Question 11

lubiprostone brand name and uses

Answer 11

• Amitiza

- irritable bowel syndrome with constipation

Question 12

lubiprostone dosing

Answer 12

• 8 mcg bid with food and water

- 24 mcg bid for chronic idiopathic and opioid-induced constipation

Question 13

linaclotide brand name and uses

Answer 13

• Linzess

- irritable bowel syndrome with constipation

Question 14

linaclotide dosing

Answer 14

• 290 mcg daily on empty stomach 30 minutes prior to 1st meal
• 145 mcg once daily for chronic idiopathic constipation

Question 15

polyethylene glycol (PEG) 3350 brand name and uses

Answer 15

• Miralax

- relief of constipation

Question 16

polyethylene glycol (PEG) 3350 dosing

Answer 16

• 1 scoop (17 g, heaping tbsp) in 8 oz liquid once daily

- use water,juice,soda,tea,coffee; may take 48 - 96 hours for effect

Question 17

PEG / electrolyte solution brand name and uses

Answer 17

• CoLyte

- bowel cleansing prior to GI procedure

Question 18

PEG / electrolyte solution dosing

Answer 18

• 8 oz of reconstituted solution every 10 minutes as directed
• drink until bowel effluent clear or 4 L gone; chill to improve taste

Question 19

senna brand name and uses

Answer 19

• Ex-Lax

- relief of constipation

Question 20

senna dosing

Answer 20

• 8.6, 15, 17.2, and 25 mg tabs
• 17.2 mg once daily to 50 mg bid
• Also available as liquid and syrup

Question 21

docusate sodium and calcium brand name and uses

Answer 21

• Docusate

- relief of constipation

Question 22

docusate sodium and calcium dosing

Answer 22

• Sodium: 50-100 mg bid (or 250 mg daily)
• Calcium: 240 mg daily
• take with full glass of water; make take 24 - 72 hours for effect

Question 23

lactulose brand name and uses

Answer 23

• Chronulac
• constipation
• portal system encephalopathy (PSE)

Question 24

lactulose dosing

Answer 24

• constipation: 10 - 20 g (15 - 30 mL) daily
• portal system encephalopathy (PSE): 20 - 30 g (30 - 45 mL) tid - qid
• make take 24 - 48 hours to produce bowel movement

Question 25

prochlorperazine brand name and uses

Answer 25

- Compazine | - severe nausea / vomiting

Question 26

prochlorperazine dosing

Answer 26

- 5,10 mg tabs, 25mg supp - 5 - 10 mg tablet tid - qid - 25 mg suppository bid (adult)

Question 27

granisetron brand name and uses

Answer 27

- Kytril | - chemotherapy-induced nausea / vomiting

Question 28

granisetron dosing

Answer 28

- 1 mg tabs - 1 mg bid or 2 mg once daily up to 1 hour before chemo - pre-medicate with 1st dose up to 60 min before chemo

Question 29

ondansetron brand name and uses

Answer 29

- Zofran - chemotherapy-induced nausea / vomiting - post-operative nausea / vomiting prophylaxis

Question 30

ondansetron dosing

Answer 30

- 4, 8, 24 mg tabs - chemotherapy-induced nausea / vomiting: 8 mg bid; pre-medicate with 1st dose up to 30 min before chemo - post-operative nausea / vomiting prophylaxis: 16 mg pre-anesthesia

Question 31

metoclopramide brand name and uses

Answer 31

- Reglan - diabetic gastroparesis - symptomatic GERD with motility disorder

Question 32

metoclopramide dosing

Answer 32

- diabetic gastroparesis: 5-10 mg qid (30 minutes ac and qhs); 2-8 wk trial of therapy; black box against > 12 wk use - symptomatic GERD with motility disorder: 5-15 mg up to qid (30 minutes ac and qhs); black box warning against > 12 wk use

Question 33

trimethobenzamide brand name and uses

Answer 33

- Tigan | - severe nausea / vomiting

Question 34

trimethobenzamide dosing

Answer 34

300 mg po tid - qid

Question 35

chlorhexidine gluconate brand name and uses

Answer 35

- Peridex | - oral hygiene rinse

Question 36

chlorhexidine gluconate dosing

Answer 36

- usually 1/2 oz for 30 seconds bid after brushing teeth | - spit; do not swallow; avoid rinses, food or water immediately after