Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Neuroscience (1206) > Drugs Modulating ANS Function (Adrenergic Mechanism and Drugs) > Flashcards

Drugs Modulating ANS Function (Adrenergic Mechanism and Drugs) Flashcards

(98 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What type of Adrenergic drugs stimulate effects of adrenergic nerve activity

A

Adrenergic Agonists or Sympathomimetics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What type of Adrenergic drugs block effects of adrenergic nerve activity

A

Adrenergic Antagonists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

True or False, Blockade of Peripheral Dopamine receptors have clinical importance

A

False, Blockade of CNS Dopamine receptors are important

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Sympathomimetics, ultimately cause the activation of what type of receptors

A

Adrenoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

In indirect acting of sympathomimetics, actions are dependent on the release of what endogenous substance

A

Catecholamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the two mechanisms of indirect sympathomimetics

A

Displacement of stored catecholamine from adrenergic nerve endings
Inhibition of reuptake of catecholamine that has already been released

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What drug follows the indirect mechanism of sympathomimetics displacement

A

Amphetamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What drug follows the indirect mechanism of sympathomimetics inhibition

A

Cocaine, tricyclic antidepressants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the two types of adrenergic receptors

A

alpha and beta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What areas of the body are alpha 2 adrenergic receptors present

A

Pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What areas of the body are beta 2 adrenergic receptors present

A

Ciliary muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What areas of the body are Beta 1 adrenergic receptors present

A

Heart and salivary gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Overall potency & receptor specificity of drugs that exert their effects by combining with adrenoceptors ,depend on which several factors

A

Affinity for & efficacy on , adrenoreceptors
Interaction with neuronal uptake systems
Interaction with MAO ( monoamine oxidase )
Interaction with COMT ( cathechol – O – methyl transferase )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What drugs are used in cardiac arrest

A

Norepinephrine, Epinephrine and Isoprenaline (Isoproterenol)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What drugs are used in anaphylactic shock

A

Epinephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What drug causes tremors, dysrhythmia and tachycardia

A

Salbutamol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What drug is used in nasal congestion

A

Phenylephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What drug is used during branchospasms

A

Isoprenaline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What drug is used during premature labour

A

Sabutamol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What drugs are used in asthma

A

Epinephrine, Salbutamol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What drugs are alpha/beta agonists

A

Norepinephrine and Epinephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What drugs are used in cardiogenic shock

A

Dobutamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the main action of Isoprenaline

A

Beta agonist (non-selective)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the main action of Dobutamine

A

B1 agonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is the main action of Salbutamol
B2 agonist
26
What is the main action of Phenylephrine
Alpha1 agonist
27
What 3 drugs are indirectly acting on sympathomimetic agents
Tyramine, Amphetamine, Ephedrine
28
What drug can be found in ripe cheeses, and concentrated yeast products
Tyramine
29
What drug can be used for nasal congestion that belongs in the drugs that indirectly act on sympathomimetic agents
Ephedrine
30
What is the main action of Tyramine
NA release
31
What is the main action of Amphetamine
NA release, MAOI, NET inhibitor, CNS stimulant
32
What are the adverse effects of tyramine
Hypertension, Vasconstriction
33
What are the adverse effects of Ampthetamine
Hypertension, Tahycardia, Insomnia, Dependence
34
What drug is an indirectly acting on sympathomimetic agents, that is used as a treatment for Hyperactivity, Appetite suppressant, narcolepsy and abuse potential
Amphetamine
35
Where is Tyramine normally metabolized
gut wall and liver
36
What inhibitor allows tyramine to be absorbed
Monamine Oxidase inhibitors
37
What effect does Tyramine have on the body
Enhances sympathetic effects- Acute hypertension
38
What drug is used to treat hypertension, especially in pregancy
Methyldopa
39
What drug affects NA synthesis
Methyldopa
40
What is the main action of Methyldopa
Stimulates central presynaptic alpha 2 adrenergic receptors and inhibits release of NA
41
What are the adverse effects of Methyldopa
Hypotension and drowsiness
42
What drug is used to treat Hypertension (obsolete)
Reserpine
43
What drug is used to treat depression
Imipramine
44
What are the adverse effects of Imipramine
Anti-cholinergic
45
What is the main action of Imipramine
Blocks Neuronal transporter (NET)
46
What is the main action of cocaine
Blocks NET CNS stimulant Local Anaesthetic
47
What adrenoreceptor antagonist drugs are used for hypertension
Prazosin, Propranolol, Metaprolol
48
What adrenoreceptor antagonist drug is used for Prostatic Hyperplasia
Tamsulosin
49
What adrenoreceptor antagonist drug is used for Pheochromocytoma
Phenoxybenzamine | Phentolamine
50
What adrenoreceptor antagonist drugs are used for Angina, and Arrhythmias
Propanolol | Metoprolol
51
What adrenoreceptor antagonist drug is used for the treatment of anxiety
Propanolol
52
What adrenoreceptor antagonist, gives the side effects of Bronchoconstriction
Propanolol
53
What adrenoreceptor antagonist, gives the side effects of Orthostatic Hypotension
Tamsulosin
54
What adrenoreceptor antagonist, gives the side effects of Postural Hypotension and nasal congestion
Prazosin
55
What is the main action of Prazosin
alpha 1 antagonist
56
What is the main action of Tamsulosin
alpha 1A antagonist
57
What is the main action of Phentolamine
Alpha antagonist (non-selective)
58
What is the main action of Phenoxybenzamine
Alpha antagonist (non-selective)
59
What is the main action of propranolol
Beta antagonist (non-selective)
60
What is the main action of metoprolol
Beta1 Antagonist
61
What are the mixed alpha/beta adrenoreceptor antagonist
Carvedilol | Labetalol
62
What are the mixed adverse effects of carvedilol
Postural hypotension, nasal congestion
63
What is the use of Carvedilol
Hypertension | Heart Failure
64
What is the use of Labetalol
Hypertension
65
What are the 3 sympathetic receptors on the blood vessels
alpha 1, alpha 2, beta2
66
What are the effects of: alpha1 Alpha 2 Beta 2
Vasoconstriction: Increase Bp Very little on BV so no effect on Bp Vasodilation: Decrease Bp
67
What are the parasympathetic receptors on blood vessels
M3 receptors
68
What type of drugs do M3 receptors respond to
Cholinergic Drugs
69
What are the effects of M3 receptors
Vasodilation and reduction in BP
70
True or false, Phenylephrine, decreases heart rate
true, via Baroreceptor reflex
71
What two drugs is used in the treatment of nasal congestion through alpha1 receptors
Phenylephrine, Oxymetazoline Naphazoline Xylometazoline
72
Explain the decongestant effect of alpha 1 adrenergic receptors
Stimulates alpha 1 receptors on the the nasal mucosa causing vasoconstriction of local vessels, which decreases the mucosal edema
73
What are the non-selective alpha 1 antagonists on blood vessels
Phentolamine | Phenoxybenzamine
74
What are the selective alpha 1 antagonists on blood vessels
Prazosin Doxazosin Terazosin
75
How do Alpha 1 adrenergic antagonists effect blood vessels
Inhibit stimulation of Vascular alpha 1 receptors and produce vasodilation. This decreases blood pressure, hence increasing heart rate
76
What drugs are B2 Adrenergic Agonists
``` Epinephrine (low doses) Isoproternol/ Isoprenaline (nonselective agonists) Salbutamol Salmeterol Terbutaline (Selective Agonists) ```
77
What are the effects of B2 adrenergic agonists on blood vessels
Vasodilation, Decrease in Bp reflex HR increases
78
What are B2 adrenergic Agonists used for mainly, considering its adverse effects are an increase in heart rate
Bronchial Asthma
79
What are some examples of B2 adrenergic Antagonists
``` Propranolol Nadolol (non selective) ```
80
How does B2 Adrenergic Antagonists effect blood vessels
Reverses B2 agonists mediating a fall in blood pressure
81
What are the M3 receptor agonists
Acetylcholine | Bethanechol
82
What are the adverse effects of M3 receptor agonists
Low blood pressure | Hypotension
83
What are the M3 receptor Antagonists
Atropine | Scopolamine
84
What effect does Muscarinic Atagonist have on the body
inhibits a fall in Bp
85
True or False, atropine and Scopolamine give no effect when give alone
True
86
True or False, Large doses of Atropine (Above therapeutic dose) releases histamine from mast cell, thereby decreasing BP
True
87
What drug is used in short treatment of impaired cardiac function after cardiac surgery
Dobutamine
88
True or false, the tone of smooth muscles of trachea and bronchioles in regulated by the parasympathetic system
True
89
What hormone is also used to regulate smooth muscles of trachea and bronchioles
Epinephrine released from Adrenal Medulla
90
True or False, Secretion of the mucous glands are controlled by both divisions of the ANS
True
91
What are the effects of M3 agonists on the respiratory system
Causes Vasoconstricton, which increases the secretion of mucus in the respiratory tract, thereby increasing resistance
92
What are effects of M3 antagonists on the respiratory system
Inhibiition of secretions of mucus thereby limiting resistance
93
What two drugs are M3 antagonists of the respiratory system
Atropine, Ipratropium bromide
94
What two drugs are M3 agonists
Acetylcholine, Bethanechol
95
What two diseases are treated by Ipatropium Bromide
Asthma, COPD
96
What are the effects of B2 Adrenergic agonists on the respiratory system
Relax bronchial smooth muscle leading to bronchodilation and decreased airway resistance
97
What are B2 Agonists used to treat
Bronchial asthma
98
What B2 antagonist can cause asthmatic attack in susceptible subjects
Propranolol

Neuroscience (1206) (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions