Dynamic Development

Question 1

What is development?

Answer 1

Development is when a country is improving for the people living there.

Question 2

What are the different aspects of development?

Answer 2

1) Economic development 2) Social development 3) Environmental development

Question 3

What is economic development?

Answer 3

Progress in economic growth, including wealth, industrialization, and technology use.

Question 4

How does the level of development vary between countries?

Answer 4

The level of development is different in different countries; for example, France is more developed than Ethiopia.

Question 5

What is Gross Domestic Product (GDP)?

Answer 5

The total value of goods and services a country produces in a year, often given in USD.

Question 6

What is GDP per capita?

Answer 6

The GDP divided by the population of a country, often given in USD and sometimes called GDP per head.

Question 7

What is Gross National Income (GNI)?

Answer 7

The total value of goods and services produced by a country in a year, including income from overseas, often given in USD.

Question 8

What is GNI per capita?

Answer 8

The GNI divided by the population of a country, often given in USD and sometimes called GNI per head.

Question 9

What is the birth rate?

Answer 9

The number of live babies born per thousand of the population per year.

Question 10

What is the death rate?

Answer 10

The number of deaths per thousand of the population per year.

Question 11

What is life expectancy?

Answer 11

The average age a person can expect to live to.

Question 12

What is infant mortality?

Answer 12

The number of babies who die under 1 year old, per thousand babies born.

Question 13

What is the literacy rate?

Answer 13

The percentage of adults who can read and write.

Question 14

What is the Human Development Index (HDI)?

Answer 14

A number calculated using life expectancy, education level, and income per head, ranging from 0 (least developed) to 1 (most developed).

Question 15

What is the Happy Index?

Answer 15

A measure calculated by dividing a country’s life expectancy, well-being, and level of inequality by its environmental impact.

Question 16

How are countries graded in terms of environmental impact?

Answer 16

Countries are graded green (good), amber (medium), or red (bad).

Question 17

What is a challenge in measuring development?

Answer 17

Development is hard to measure because it includes many factors.

Question 18

What is a common outcome of increased economic development?

Answer 18

An increase in economic development often leads to social and environmental improvements.

Question 19

What is uneven development?

Answer 19

Uneven development refers to the varying levels of development across different countries.

Question 20

What are the consequences of uneven development?

Answer 20

Consequences include differences in wealth, health, and education.

Question 21

How does wealth vary between developed and less developed countries?

Answer 21

People in more developed countries have a higher income than those in less developed countries.

E.g. GNI per capita shows that income in the UK is around 20 times higher than in Chad.

Question 22

How does health vary between developed and less developed countries?

Answer 22

Better health care in developed countries leads to longer life expectancy.

E.g. people in the UK live almost 30 years longer than people in Chad.

Question 23

How does education vary between developed and less developed countries?

Answer 23

People in more developed countries tend to be better educated.

E.g. people in the UK spend more than twice as long in education as people in Chad.

Question 24

What is the GNI per capita of Chad?

Answer 24

Chad’s GNI per capita is $880.

Question 25

What is the GNI per capita of the UK?

Answer 25

The UK's GNI per capita is $43,440.

Question 26

What are Low-Income Developing Countries (LIDCs)?

Answer 26

LIDCs are the poorest countries with low GNI per capita and low standards of living. ## Footnote Examples include Afghanistan, Somalia, Mali, and Nepal.

Question 27

What are Advanced Countries (ACs)?

Answer 27

ACs are the wealthiest countries with high GNI per capita and high standards of living. ## Footnote Examples include the UK, USA, France, Canada, and Australia.

Question 28

What are Emerging and Developing Countries (EDCs)?

Answer 28

EDCs are countries transitioning from primary industries to secondary industries, generally becoming richer. ## Footnote Examples include China, Brazil, Russia, and India.

Question 29

Physical factors that can effect development and why

Answer 29

Poor climate- hot or cold means less growth meaning less food produced and therefore malnutrition meaning low life quality Few natural resources- countries with little raw materials like coal, metal ores and oil have less to sell and develop even if some countries do have raw materials they might not have infrastructure to exploit them

Question 30

More physical factors effecting development?

Answer 30

A poor location- landlocked or little coastline means harder and expensive to transport goods out of country Harder to male money by exporting goods and less development harder to import goods to help country aswell like medicine and farm machinery -Loads of natural hazards, natural processes that can cause death, injury or distruption to humans or property

Question 31

Human factors effecting development?

Answer 31

Conflict like civil war can reduce healthcare and infant mortality to rise. Money spent on arms and fighting people killed and property. Preparing -Debt When LIDCS borrow money from other countries and international organisations help aftermath, has to be paid back with interest not develop -Politics when corrupt government's hinder development by taking e.g. Money for buildings or facilties, prevent fair election no chance for democratically elected government. If unstable means less investment or trade. If they invest in wrong things or areas instead of transport or schools -Trade exchange goods and services. If export more value than import they have a trade surplus other way around is a trade deficit. World trade patterns influences economy if poor less development and what it trades e.g. primary products Woods and stone are less profitable than manufactured goods like card and phone.

Question 32

More human factors influencing development?

Answer 32

-Education means more skilled workforce more goods and more trade and investment opportunities . Educated people earn more aswell meaning more taxes for development. -Tourism means more money income entering country increasing level of development -Aid can be given unequally with some countries gaining more and spent on developing projects e.g school water or supply improvement. If some countries rely on it it may lead to them not developing trade links which would benifit them. -Lastly disease and healthcare because if people suffer from disease like chlorea and malaria it means less workers so less money contributed to economy. If needed expensive medicine means less money for developing.

Question 33

What does Rostows model show?

Answer 33

5 stages of economic development and it predicts how a country's level of economic development changes over time . Describing how's it changes from relying mostly on primary industry emgm agriculture to secondary industry e.g. manufacture goods to tertiary and quaternary industry's like services and research. STANDARD OF LIVING IMPROVES AND STAGE 1 IS LOWEST LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT AND 5 HIGHEST.

Question 34

Different stages of Rostow 1

Answer 34

1- traditional society. Based on farming, fishing and foresty with little trade

Question 34

Rostow 2

Answer 34

Preconditions for take off means manufacturing starts to develop, infrastructure is built e.g roads, power networks and international trade begins.

Question 35

Rostow 3

Answer 35

Take off when rapid intensive growth and large scale industrialisation and increasing wealth begins

Question 36

Rostow 4

Answer 36

Drive to maturity when economy grows so people get wealthier and standards of living rise so does widespread use of technology

Question 37

Rostow 6

Answer 37

Mass consumption is when there's lots of trade and goods are mass produced aswell as people get welsyjier so there are high levels of consumption

Question 38

Millennium development goals aim?

Answer 38

Improve life in LIDCs targets set by United nations in 2000 which all un members states agreed to try and achieve by 2015

Question 39

What were 8 goals?

Answer 39

Halve number of people poverty Make sure all children have primary education Increase number of girls and women education and in paid employment Reduce death rates in children under 5 by 2/3 Reduce death rates amongst young women caused by pregnancy or childbirth by 3/4 Stop spread of diseases HIV mal Protect environment and development was sustainable while improving life quality Make sure countries around world worked together help LIDCS develop

Question 40

Successful? mdgs

Answer 40

By 2015 UN had gone some way to achieving these but succes variable in difefrnt parts of world. UN has set new series of sustainable development goals (SDGs) to achieve 2030