Dysphagia midterm

Question 1

average frequency of swallowing dialy

Answer 1

580 swallow

Question 2

a swallow is elicited once every

Answer 2

minute

Question 3

swallowing is a rapid and overlapping sequence of movements involving muscles of the

Answer 3

oral cavity, pharynx larynx, esophagus and stomach or gastroesphagea junction.,

Question 4

abnormal swallowing includes ____ * ____/

Answer 4

dysphagia nad aphagia

Question 5

dysphagia vs aphagia

Answer 5

dysphagia= difficulty swallowing. aphagia= no swallow.

Question 6

dysphagia is a disease (T/f)

Answer 6

F dysphagia is a symptom of underlying disease.

Question 7

70% of these dysphagia patiens are older than ___ of age.

Answer 7

60 years of age.

Question 8

dysphagia is more common among older peopel (t/f)

Answer 8

true

Question 9

dysphagia prevelense is highest in individueals with____.

Answer 9

neuro diseases.

Question 10

possible consequences of dysphagia are__.

Answer 10

1. malnutrition and dehydration. 2. weight loss. 3. aspiration pneumonia. 4. compromised general health. 5. chronic lung disease 6. choking. 7. deat. 8. dienjoyment eatinf or drinking. 9. embarassment or isolation.

Question 11

dysphagis increases caregiver burden t/f.

Answer 11

true may require lifestyle alterations for the paitent and the paitent’s family.

Question 12

neuro conditions that may contribute to dysphagia.

Answer 12

Stke. TBI, dementia, Motor neuron diseas, GBS, CP, Myasthenia Gravis, age related changes, Progressive diseases )like PD, HD, progressive spranuclear palsy (PSP).

Question 13

structural diagnoses contribute to dysphagea t/f/.

Answer 13

t.

Question 14

Scleroderma, polymyostis and Sjogren’s disease are all ______ conditions that may contribute to dysphagia.

Answer 14

Connective tissue/rheumatoid disorders.

Question 15

Radiation/chemotherapy, intrubation/tracheostomy, cervical spinal fusion, and medication- related diagnoses are _____conditions that may contribute to dysphagia.

Answer 15

Iatrogenic diagnoses.

Question 16

Severe respiratory compromise and psychogenic conditions may contribute to dysphagia, t/f/

Answer 16

true.

Question 17

in the team approach to dysphagia management a SLP plays a lead role in___

Answer 17

mangement related to impaired oral/pharyngeal mechanics; coordinator of swallow team.

Question 18

when sensory receptors in tongue and oropharphync are stimulated and send sensory infor to brainstem and cortex this is when the _____phase of swallowing occurs.

Answer 18

pharyngeal phase

Question 19

the pharyngeal phase is

Answer 19

when the swallow is triggered when head of bolus passes any point between faucial arches or the point where tongue base crosses lower rim of mandible.

Question 20

in young and middle-aged adults the swallow is triggered at the

Answer 20

faucial arches

Question 21

in older adults (606+) the swallow is triggered at

Answer 21

the point where tongue base crosses lower rim of mandible.

Question 22

the pharyngeal phase begins when

Answer 22

pharyngeal swallow is triggered.

Question 23

the bolus enters the pharynx in the __stage

Answer 23

pharyngeal stage.

Question 24

in the pharyngeal stage, the hyoid bone continues ___ &____ movement towards the edge of the madible.

Answer 24

anterior and superior movement toawerd the edge of mandible.

Question 25

in the pharyngeal stage the larynx tilts under _____ for airway protection.

Answer 25

retracting tongue for airway protection.

Question 26

All three pharyngeal constrictors are active in the pharyngeal phase to

Answer 26

sequentially narroe and shorten the pharynx

Question 27

in the pharyngeal phase a persitalsis-like stripping action of the pharyngeal wall aids in.

Answer 27

aids in bolus propulsion.

Question 28

the upward and forward movement of hyoid bone is important in applying in traction forces on the UES to have____.

Answer 28

maximum opening.

Question 29

parasympathetic signals from glossopharyngeal nerve CN IX sent to brain stem _____ (do what)?

Answer 29

relax the UES

Question 30

when the bolus tail enters the esophageus the UES closes and ______ begins.

Answer 30

esophageal peristalsis begins.

Question 31

several (5) simultaneous physiological events occur during the pharyngeal phase all of this happens in a duration of ___

Answer 31

1) velopharyngeal port closure 2) tongue base movement/ pharyngeal wall action. 3) laryngeal closure 4) anterior and superior movement of the hyoid bone & larynx
5) cricopharyngeous/ upper esophageal Sphnicter (UES) opening.

duration of one second.

Question 32

during the velopharyngeal closure these 3 muscles contract

Answer 32

levator veli palatini, tensor palatini and palatopharyngeus muscles.

Question 33

wduring velo pharyngeal closure he levator veli palatini, tensor palatini and palatopharyngeus contract to_______.

Answer 33

prevent material from entering the naso pharync and to generate pressure within the pharynx.

Question 34

during the pharyngeal phase pressure is generated when the _____ and _____ contract and create a peristaltic wave to drive bolus compulsion.

Answer 34

tongue base and pharyngeal wall.

Question 35

pressure generated by the tomgue base and pahryngeal contractions intesifies as ____ and ____ increases.

Answer 35

bolus viscosity and volume increases.

Question 36

the laryngeal closure during the pharyngeal phase involves 3 laryngeal sphincters to _____.

Answer 36

prevent foreign material from entering the trachea and lungs.

Question 37

true vocal folds, arytenoid base of epiglottis and false vocal folds, and the epiglottis and aryepiglottic folds all play a part in a___

Answer 37

protrected trachea. they represent the 3 levels of airway protection.