Flashcards in dystocia prevention Deck (20)
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1
dystocia and calving ease score of 1
no assistance needed
2
dystocia and calving ease score of 2
slight assistance
traction with bear hands
3
dystocia and calving ease score of 3
assistance needed
traction with chains
correction of abnormal PPP
4
dystocia and calvig ease score of 4
considerable assistance needed
traction with chains
significant forse or calf jack
corretion of severe abnormality of PPP
5
dystocia and calving ease score of 5
extremel difficult
fetotomy or C-section
6
impact of dystocia on dam
trauma to dam (animal welfare)-don't use NSAIDs before/during calving
18% of culls are associated wtih dsytocia and stillbirth
dam is more likely to experience retained placenta, metritis, lower fertility and milk production
7
impact of dystocia on calf
leading cause of perinatal mortality
likelihood of calf's death increases with severity of dystocia
death during dystocia is often due to anoxia and trauma
perinatal mortality-most died after birth within an hour
8
ultimate causes of dystocia
fetal sex
fetal abnormalities
breed
parity/age
hx of dystocia
season
nutrition
exercise
disease
herd size
region
their interactions
9
intermediate causes of dystocia
gestation length
fetal oversize
birth canal undersize
hypocalcemia/magnesemia
parturient stress
hormonal imbalances
previous dystocia
twins
10
proximal causes of dystocia
feto-pelvic dysproportion
abnormal fetal disposition
uterine inertia
vulval or cervical stenosis
uterine torsion
11
calf's birth weight
fetus gains 50% of their birth weight after 230 days of pregnancy
final stage of pregnancy-0.3 kg/day
bull calves-1 to 3 day longer pregnancy duration than heifer calves; weight more at birth: fetopelvic dysproportion
12
parity of dam
primiparous heifers are 3x as likely to experience dystocia than pluriparous cows
13
leading causes for dystocia in primiparous heifers
feto-pelvic dysproportion
abnormal fetal disposition
incomplete dilatation of vulva and cervix
14
leading causes of dystocia in pluripara cows
abnormal fetal disposition
Feto-pelvic dysporoprtion
twins
uterine inertia
uterine torsion
incomplete dilatation of vulva and cervix
15
guide line number for dystocia
<9%
16
guidelie number for perinatal mortality
2-5%
17
management strategies to reduce incidence of dystocia in heifers
heifers should gain avg 0.8 to 0.9 kg/d of body weight from birth to 1st calving
start breeding heifers are 60% of mature body weight and observe wither height recommendation for each breed
use bulls with low "calving ease"
use sexed semen-want heifers
target weight at 1st calving-85% of mature body weight
avoid over conditioning
18
manage strategies to reduce incidence of dystocia in cows
feed rations that will minimize the risk of milk fever
screen cows at the start of the dry off period for possible problems
avoid over conditioning
use bulls wtih low "calving ease" for small cows
19
management strategies to reduce incidence of dystocia in cows and heifers
close up cow and maternity pens should be monitored closely (>24 hours)
proper/balanced nutrition
enure heat abatement is provided
minimize unnecessary changes in diet
minimize unnecessary changes in pen
20
