E145 Limits

Question 1

Maximum altitude for operation after an inflight depressurization

Answer 1

10,000 feet MSL unless MEA or other constraints require a higher altitude.

Question 2

Maximum operating airspeed

Answer 2

VMO/MMO 320/.78

Note: Do not deliberately exceed VMO/MMO in any regime of flight (climb, cruise or descent)

Question 3

Maximum Operating (KIAS) 8000 to 10,000 Pressure Altitude

Answer 3

Red Line

Question 4

Maximum Operating (KIAS) up to 8,000 Pressure Altitude

Answer 4

250 KIAS

Question 5

Maximum Turbulence Penetration (VB/MB)

Answer 5

250/.63 which ever is lower. 200 at or below 10,000 ft.

Question 6

Maximum Maneuvering (VA)

Answer 6

200 KIAS

Full application of rudder and ailerons, and maneuvers involving angle of attack near stall, must be confined to speeds below VA.

Question 7

Landing Gear Extension (VLOE)
Landing Gear Extended (VLE)
Landing Gear Retraction (VLOR)

Answer 7

250 KIAS
250 KIAS
200 KIAS

Question 8

Flap speeds

Answer 8

9 - 250
18 - 200
22 - 200
45 - 145*
*Momentary excursions of 155 are allowed
*Steady operation over 145 are not allowed and must be entered in AML.

Question 9

Maximum wiper operating speed

Answer 9

160 KIAS

Question 10

What is the CAUTION with regards to the rudder.

Answer 10

A full or nearly full rudder deflection in one direction followed by a full or nearly full deflection in the other direction, even at speeds below the design maneuvering speed, can dramatically increase the risk of structural failure of the vertical stabilizer or the rudder.

Question 11

Maximum Operating Altitude

Answer 11

37,000 ft.

Question 12

Minimum and Maximum Takeoff & Landing Pressure Altitude

Answer 12

-1000 ft.

8000 ft.

Question 13

Minimum Takeoff & Landing Temperature Limits

Answer 13

-40 C. SAT

NOTE: In the event of a landing below-40 C SAT, the aircraft may not takeoff without further maintenance inspection.

Question 14

Minimum TAT in cruise flight

Answer 14

TAT in cruise flight above 25,000 ft is limited to -45 C.

Question 15

Icing Definition - On the Ground and for Takeoff (with Visible Moisture)

Answer 15

Icing conditions exist when the OAT is 10 C or below AND visible moisture in any form is present (such as clouds, fog with visibility of one mile or less, rain, snow, sleet and ice crystals).

Question 16

Icing Definition - On the Ground and for Takeoff (without Visible Moisture)

Answer 16

Icing conditions also exist when the OAT is 10 C or below when operating on ramps, taxiways or runways where surface snow, ice, standing water or slush may be ingested by the engines, or freeze on engines, nacelles or engine sensor probes.

Question 17

What is the CAUTION that comes with the Icing Definition on the Ground or for Takeoff?

Answer 17

On the ground, do NOT rely on visual icing evidence or ice detector actuation to turn on the Anti-Icing System. Use the temperature and visual moisture criteria as specified above. Delaying the use of the Anti-Icing System until ice build-up is visible from the flight deck may result in ice ingestion and possible engine flameout.

Question 18

Icing Definition - In Flight

Answer 18

Icing conditions may exist whenever the Total Air Temperature (TAT), is 10 C or below AND visible moisture in any form is present (such as clouds, fog with visibility of one mile or less, rain, snow, sleet and ice crystals).

Question 19

What is the CAUTION that comes with the Icing Definition In Flight?

Answer 19

Notwithstanding ice detector monitoring, the crew remains responsible for monitoring potential icing conditions and for manual activation of the Ice Protection System if icing conditions are present (known icing) and the Ice Detection System is not activating the Ice Protection System.

Question 20

What are the Minimum & Maximum Temperatures for Manual Anti-Icing Operation AND what are the 2 NOTES that come with them?

Answer 20

-40 C & +10 C
NOTE: Use OAT on the ground or for takeoff
Use TAT for operations in flight
There is no temperature limitation for automatic Anti-Icing System operation.

Question 21

What is TAT?

Answer 21

Total Air Temperature is the SAT (actual OAT) plus the temperature rise associated with high-speed flight due to heating of the air from compression. From a practical standpoint, TAT is the temperature the airplane’s skin feels, while SAT is the free air’s temperature (aka OAT). Temperature rise is proportional to the speed of the aircraft. At 0.8 Mach plus, an increase of 30 C can be expected which may be enough to prevent ice from forming.

Question 22

When is a runway considered contaminated?

Answer 22

When more and 25% of the required field LENGTH, within the width being used, is covered by:
More than 1/8th inch of: standing water, slush or wet snow
More than 3/4th inch of dry snow.
Compacted Snow
Ice

Question 23

Minimum Autopilot Engagement Height

Answer 23

500 ft.

Question 24

Minimum Autopilot Disengagement Height

Answer 24

Instrument approach (APR or NAV mode):  MDA/DA/DH
Visual approach (HDG or NAV as noted):  Traffic pattern altitude (1500 ft. AFL)

Question 25

What is the limitation for single engine go around with the auto pilot

Answer 25

Single engine go-around with the autopilot engaged is prohibited. NOTE: Go-around ends at 1500 ft.

Question 26

Can you do a single engine go around with the auto pilot on?

Answer 26

No.

Question 27

When is the Yaw Damper not authorized

Answer 27

Takeoff to 500 ft. AFL | Landing

Question 28

What are the APU Starter Limits

Answer 28

Cooling period: Between 3 consecutive attempts: 1 min. OFF Between 2 series of 3 consecutive attempts: 30 min. OFF

Question 29

The a/c must not be moved until when

Answer 29

when the AHRS is in the initialization mode until all attitude and heading information presented on the PFD is displayed.

Question 30

What is the maximum continuous EGT for the APU?

Answer 30

680 C

Question 31

What is the engine cool down limit?

Answer 31

After Landing or High Power Runs: Run each engine for a minimum of one minute at idle or taxi thrust before shutdown.

Question 32

What is the minimum dispatch oil quantity?

Answer 32

8 quarts before Engine Start or 7 quarts after Engine Start.

Question 33

Engine Warm Up Prior to Takeoff Limits

Answer 33

Engine must be allowed to run at low thrust to stabilize engine temps before takeoff thrust is selected. Run engine at idle or taxi 4 min for cold, 2 min for warm. An engine is cold if shutdown more than 90 minutes. Prior to increasing N2 above 83% engine oil temp must be 40 C. In lieu of this you can run engine 8 minutes & temp in green range.

Question 34

What engine indication must you see before running the engine past what to meet the warm up requirement?

Answer 34

Engine oil temp must be a minimum of 40 C before increasing N2 above 83%.

Question 35

Operating Limits T/O-1 (A1 engine)

Answer 35

ITT 948 C N1 100% N2 57.0 - 102.4%

Question 36

Operating Limits ALT T/O-1 (A1 engine)

Answer 36

ITT 917 C N1 100% N2 57.0 - 102.4%

Question 37

Operating Limits Max Continuous Thrust

Answer 37

ITT 901 C N1 100% N2 57.0 - 102.4%

Question 38

What is the maximum ITT for engine start?

Answer 38

800 C

Question 39

What are the limits with regards to operating the engines in the amber range?

Answer 39

Oil pressure up to 115 psi for 5 minutes in all thrust modes Above 115 psi to 155 psi for 2 minutes Total time in amber range not to exceed 5 minutes Operating in red range is not authorized Any exceedance must be logged in AML.

Question 40

What is the minimum oil temperature for starting?

Answer 40

-40 C

Question 41

What is the minimum oil temperature for takeoff?

Answer 41

40 C. If oil temperature is less than 40 C perform Engine Warm Up Prior to Takeoff (8 min, oil temp in green range).

Question 42

Engine Starter Limits

Answer 42

``` On Ground: Starting or Dry Motoring Up to 5 min ON, 5 min OFF - or - 1st to 4th Cycles: 1 min ON, 1 min OFF Following Cycles: 1 min ON, 5 min OFF ```

Question 43

Maximum Altitude for Flap Extension

Answer 43

20,000 MSL

Question 44

Maximum Airspeed after Takeoff/During Climb without Re-trimming

Answer 44

160 KIAS

Question 45

Holding Configuration

Answer 45

``` Landing Gear & Flaps: UP Minimum Airspeed (potential icing conditions): 200 KIAS ```

Question 46

What are thrust reversers intended for (ie limitation)

Answer 46

for use during rejected takeoff or landing only.

Question 47

What is the limit after initiating reverse thrust?

Answer 47

After initiating reverse thrust, a full stop MUST be made.

Question 48

MAXIMUM reverse thrust MUST be used:

Answer 48

Whenever its use will prevent a runway excursion. When landing on runways with "Medium" or "Poor" braking action, unless the appropriate landing distance penalty [Flip Cards] is applied.

Question 49

IDLE reverse MAY be used on:

Answer 49

Dry runways 9000 ft. or shorter usable length (LDA) | Non-Dry runways where braking action is "Good"

Question 50

Thrust reverser use is PROHIBITED for:

Answer 50

Power-back operations Taxi operations Thrust levers stabilized in any intermediate position between IDLE revers and MAXIMUM reverse.

Question 51

Demonstrated Crosswind

Answer 51

Takeoff & Landing: 30 kts.

Question 52

Maximum Tailwind (T/O & Landing)

Answer 52

10 kts.

Question 53

Maximum landing weight EMB 145

Answer 53

43,651 lbs.

Question 54

Maximum landing weight EMB 140

Answer 54

41,226 lbs.

Question 55

What cargo weight requires the use of the Horizontal Cargo Net?

Answer 55

Any weight in excess of 2,182 lbs.

Question 56

IAE: Rapid Cabin Depressurization

Answer 56

Oxygen Masks: ON and 100% Crew Communication: Establish Emergency Descent: As Req

Question 57

IAE: Cabin or Flight Deck Fire/Smoke/Fumes

Answer 57

Oxygen Masks: ON and 100% Smoke Goggles: ON RECIRC: OFF Crew Communication: Establish

Question 58

IAE: Aileron/Roll Trim Runaway

Answer 58

Quick Disconnect Button: Press and Hold

Question 59

IAE: Uncommanded Swerving on Ground

Answer 59

Control the aircraft using differential brakes and rudder Steering Handwheel: Do NOT Use If unable to control the aircraft, as an additional action: Steering Disengage Button: Press Differential Reverse Thrust (if available): As Req

Question 60

What is the first step (line) of the "Uncommanded Swerving on Ground" IAE

Answer 60

Control the aircraft using differential brakes and rudder

Question 61

In the "Uncommanded Swerving on Ground" IAE, if unable to control the aircraft, as an additional action:

Answer 61

Steering Disengage Button: Press | Differential Reverse Thrust (if available): As Req

Question 62

What is the caution that goes with the "Uncommanded Swerving on Ground" IAE?

Answer 62

Do NOT actuate the steering handle since it will reengage the steering system and will disable the 7 degree maximum nose wheel deflection protection. This may cause the nose wheel to be steered up to its limit and may exacerbate the swerving effect.

Question 63

When are the crosswind limits other than 30 kts? Peak gusts or sustained?

Answer 63

For takeoff, if the runway is contaminated, the following limits apply: Standing Water/Slush: 20 kts. Snow (wet and dry): 20 kts. Compacted Snow: 25 kts. Ice: 10 kts. All winds are predicated on the peak gust value.

Question 64

What is the maximum crosswind component for a CAT II approach?

Answer 64

Maximum crosswind component including gusts: 15 kts.

Question 65

If the RCC is less than 5/5/5, what type of landing must you make?

Answer 65

Flaps 45 ... unless otherwise required by operational restrictions such as CAT II, MEL or Emergency/Abnormal procedures.

Question 66

What RCC would cause you to have to do a Flaps 45 landing?

Answer 66

An RCC of less than 5/5/5 unless otherwise required by operational restrictions such as CAT II, MEL or Emergency/Abnormal procedures.