Ecology 🌱

Question 1

Ecology

Answer 1

The study of the interactions between organisms, and between organisms and their environment

Question 2

Biosphere

Answer 2

The part of the planet containing living organisms

Question 3

Ecosystem

Answer 3

A group of clearly distinguished organisms that interact with their environment as a unit

Question 4

Habitat

Answer 4

The place where a plant or animal lives

Question 5

Population

Answer 5

All the members of the same species living in an area

Question 6

Community

Answer 6

All the different populations living in an area

Question 7

Abiotic factors

Answer 7

Non-living factors e.g. altitude, steepness, aspect

Question 8

Biotic factors

Answer 8

Living factors e.g. competition, predation, parasitism

Question 9

Climatic factors

Answer 9

Weather over a long period of time

Question 10

Edaphic factors

Answer 10

Relate to soil

Question 11

Factors in aquatic environments

Answer 11

1. Light
2. Currents
3. Wave action
4. Salt content
5. Oxygen concentration

Question 12

producers

Answer 12

Organisms that carry out photosynthesis

Question 13

Consumers

Answer 13

Organisms that take in food from other organisms

Question 14

Fauna

Answer 14

All the animals in an ecosystme

Question 15

Flora

Answer 15

All the plants in an ecosystem

Question 16

Decomposers

Answer 16

Organisms that feed on dead organic matter

Question 17

Detritus feeders

Answer 17

Organisms that feed on small pieces of dead organic matter

Question 18

Food chain

Answer 18

A sequence of organisms in which one is eaten by the next in the chain

Question 19

Trophic level

Answer 19

A feeding stage in a food chain

Question 20

Food web

Answer 20

Two or more interlinked food chains

Question 21

Pyramid of numbers

Answer 21

Represents the number of organisms at each trophic level

Question 22

Niche

Answer 22

The role an organism plays in a community

Question 23

Nutrient recycling

Answer 23

The way elements are exchanged between living and non living things in an ecosystem

Question 24

Nitrogen fixation

Answer 24

The conversion of nitrogen gas into ammonia or nitrate

Question 25

Nitration

Answer 25

The conversion of ammonia to nitrite, and then nitrate

Question 26

Denitrification

Answer 26

The conversion of nitrates to nitrogen gas

Question 27

Pollution

Answer 27

Any harmful addition to the environment

Question 28

Types of pollution

Answer 28

1. Domestic 2. Agricultural 3. Industrial

Question 29

Pollutants

Answer 29

Harmful additions to the envirinment

Question 30

Conservation

Answer 30

The wise management of the existing natural resources in an ecosystem in order to maintain a wide range of habitats and prevent the death and extinction of organisms

Question 31

Example of conservation

Answer 31

Smaller fish nets allows baby fish out

Question 32

Eutrophication

Answer 32

The addition of of nutrients to fresh water

Question 33

Competition

Answer 33

occurs when organisms actively struggle for a resource that is in sort supply

Question 34

Intra-specific competition

Answer 34

Takes place between members of the same species

Question 35

Inter-specific competition

Answer 35

Occurs between members of different species

Question 36

Contest competition

Answer 36

There is an active physical contest between two individual organisms

Question 37

Scramble competition

Answer 37

All of the competing individuals get some of the resource

Question 38

Predation

Answer 38

The catching, killing and eating of another organism

Question 39

Predator

Answer 39

An organism that catches, kills and eats another organism

Question 40

Prey

Answer 40

The organism that is eaten by the predator

Question 41

Parasitism

Answer 41

Occurs when two organisms of different species live in close association , and one organism (the parasite) obtains its food from, and to the disadvantage of, the second organism (host)

Question 42

Symbiosis

Answer 42

When two organisms of different species live in close association and at least one of them benefits

Question 43

Mutualism

Answer 43

When two organisms of different species live in close association and one of them benefits

Question 44

Factors affecting human population numbers

Answer 44

1. War 2. Famine 3. Contraceptive 4. Disease

Question 45

Grassland flora

Answer 45

Clover, grass, buttercups, dandelions, nettles

Question 46

Grassland fauna

Answer 46

Earthworms, snail, ladybirds, bees, rabbits

Question 47

Qualitative study

Answer 47

Records the presence or absence of organisms

Question 48

Quantitative study

Answer 48

Records the number of organisms present

Question 49

Sources of error in ecosystem study

Answer 49

Human error Changing conditions Accidental discoveries Sample size