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Climate Change - Ocean/Terrestial > Ecology- Algae > Flashcards

Ecology- Algae Flashcards

1
Q

What does species growth depend on?

A

Resource capture capabilities of nutrients and llight.

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2
Q

Where do Cyanobacteria thrive?

A

Warm, stagnant waters with P and N in abundance

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3
Q

Structure of a cyanobacteria

A

Cell envelope of PG layer, plasma membrane, outer mmebrane and as S-layer

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4
Q

What facilitates cyanobacteria movement?

A

Vacuoles with gas-filled cell inclusions or flagella

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5
Q

What habitats are cyanobacteria found in?

A

Tropics, temperate lakes, rivers and estuaries

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6
Q

What seasons do cyanobacteria prfer?

A

Summer and Autmn, or year round in the tropics

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7
Q

Why do cyanobacteria thrive year-round in tropics?

A

Constant solar radiation

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8
Q

Why is buoyancy important in cyanobacteria?

A

Regulation of vertical distribution to specific sunlight and nutrients.

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9
Q

How do gas vesicles allow vacuoles?

A

Net hydrostatic, turgor and atmospheric pressure minus interior gas pressure.

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10
Q

How do algae regulate buoyancy?

A

Lift generated by gas vesicles and density of the cell.

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11
Q

What are the feeding behaviours of algae?

A

Autotrophic and photosynthesis

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12
Q

Importance of algae in ecosystems?

A

Primary producer, generating biomass by fixation of carbon

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13
Q

How does carbon productivtiy of algae vary among envrionments?

A

Eutrophic lake high P and N are highly productive whilst mesotrophic or oligotrophic have less productivity.

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14
Q

Lentic

A

Lakes and Wetlands

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15
Q

Lotic

A

Streams and rivers

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16
Q

What are the two types of freshwater envrionments?

A

Lentic and Lotic

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17
Q

What are the two types of Algae?

A

Planktonic and Benthic

18
Q

How do planktonic and benthic algae differ?

A

Free floating and substrate fixed.

19
Q

Rhodophyta

A

Red algae being eukaryotic, lacking flagella, phycobiliprotein pigments, unstacking thylakoids and chloroplasts lacking an external ER

20
Q

Pyrrophyta

A

Includes dinoflagellates being red, synthesisng CP a and c with high carotenoids

21
Q

Chrysophyta

A

Gold-brown algase being mostly unicellular, and maybe containing flagella

22
Q

Phaeophyta

A

Brown algae with chlorplasts with four surrounding membranes, containing fucoxanthin masking cp A and C

23
Q

Chlorophyta

A

Green algae containing CP A and B, chloroplasts with no external ER and thylakoid stacks of 2-6

24
Q

Dinoflagellates structure

A

Biflagellates unicellular algae with CP a and c with accesory peridinin and carotene

25
Q

Why are dinoflagellates large-celled in freshwaters?

A

High nuclear DNA levels reflecteive of their k-strategists

26
Q

Phototactic

A

Locomotion movement moving towards or away from light stimulation.

27
Q

When do Dinoflagellates exhibit phototactic?

A

When surface nutrients are limited thus diurnally migrate to low levels

28
Q

When do Dinoflagellate blooms occur?

A

Mid-late summer

29
Q

How can dinoflagellates be toxic?

A

Production of neurotoxins like Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning.

30
Q

Diatoms

A

Non-flagellates in marine and freshwater envrionemtns

31
Q

What are diatoms characterised by?

A

Thick silica cell wall

32
Q

Why are silica cell walls in diatoms useful?

A

They are more-efficient to generate and have light

33
Q

Frustule

A

Composed of two overlapping thecae, each consisting of a valve composed almost purely of silica.

34
Q

What is the frustule made of?

A

Epitheca and hypotheca

35
Q

What are the two diatom groups?

A

Centric, radially symmetric, and Pennate, bilaterally symmetric, bipolar and elongated.

36
Q

What ecological niches do diatoms fit in?

A

Planktonic, benthic, epiphytic and epizoic

37
Q

Chrysophytes

A

Golden algae with fucoxanthin and cp a and c pigments

38
Q

What pigments do dinoflaggelates contain?

A

CP a and c with accesory peridinin and carotene

39
Q

Xanthophytes

A

Yellow-green algae with silica and pectin in the cell wall with neoxanthin, CP A and B and beta carotene.

40
Q

Why are eyespots important?

A

Allow phototaxis

Climate Change - Ocean/Terrestial (18 decks)

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