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Biology 201 > Ecology and Plants > Flashcards

Ecology and Plants Flashcards

(69 cards)

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1
Q

Put the following terms in order (from biggest to smallest):

Community, Biosphere, Species, Population, Ecosystem

A

Biosphere, Ecosystem, Community, Population, Species

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2
Q

Makes its own food through photosynthesis

A

Autotrophs

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3
Q

What is a heterotroph?

A

An organism that must consume other organisms for energy

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4
Q

Another word for autotroph is

A

Producer

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5
Q

Another word for heterotroph is

A

Consumer

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6
Q

Obtain nutrients by breaking down dead organisms

A

Decomposers

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7
Q

Omnivores eat

A

both plants and animals

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8
Q

Herbivores eat

A

only plants

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9
Q

Carnivores eat

A

only other animals

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10
Q

What’s the difference between a food web and a food chain?

A

A food chain only shows a single“who eats who” movement of energy through the environment

A food web shows the interactions of many “who eats who” movements of energy through the environment

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11
Q

True or False: nutrients and materials are recycled as they move through the environment, and energy only moves in one way

A

True

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12
Q

The release of nitrogen by bacteria from the soil back into the air

A

Denitrification

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13
Q

The putting of nitrogen (nitrates) into the soil from the air by bacteria

A

Nitrogen fixation

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14
Q

What is assimilation?

A

Plants take nitrates from the soil and use it in their tissues

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15
Q

What is decomposition?

A

The breaking down of organic matter releasing nitrates back into the soil

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16
Q

Release of water into the air by plants

A

Transpiration

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17
Q

The change of water from liquid to gas, moving it from ponds to the air

A

Evaporation

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18
Q

What is precipitation?

A

the movement of water from the air to the ground (rain)

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19
Q

What is condensation?

A

The formation of clouds from water in the air

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20
Q

The process by which plants take in carbon dioxide from the air and produce glucose

A

Photosynthesis

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21
Q

Volcanic eruptions are an example of what type of process in the carbon cycle

A

Geochemical

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22
Q

The giving off of carbon dioxide by living organisms

A

Respiration

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23
Q

Combustion is ______

A

the burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas)

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24
Q

What is the Greenhouse Effect?

A

The natural process that keeps the earth warm by distributing heat from the sun throughout the atmosphere

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25
The increase in the Earth's temperature from the build up of carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere
Global Warming
26
A multicellular, eukaryote that does photosynthesis
A plant
27
What do plants use sunlight (the original source of energy) for?
Photosynthesis
28
What are the vascular tissues in plants? What do they carry, and in which direction?
Xylem - water up from the roots Phloem - sugar down from the leaves
29
A reproductive structure in angiosperms
A flower
30
Label the parts of the flower
31
What are the male parts of a flower? What are the female parts of a flower?
The stamen, which is made up of the anther (makes pollen) and the filament. The pistil, which is made up of the stigma, style, ovary, and ovule(seeds)
32
A ripened ovary that carries seeds
Fruit
33
Monocot or Dicot: flowers have 3 petals
Monocot
34
Monocot or Dicot: has parallel veins in the leaves
Monocot
35
Monocot or Dicot: Has shallow roots
Monocot
36
Monocot or Dicot: Has long narrow leaves
Monocot
37
Monocot or Dicot: flowers have 4 or 5 petals
Dicot
38
Monocot or Dicot: has branching veins in the leaves
Dicot
39
Monocot or Dicot: have long deep taproots
Dicot
40
Monocot or Dicot: Have broad flat leaves
Dicot
41
Grows more than 2 years
Perennial
42
Plants that you have to replant every year are called
annuals
43
How often do biennials have to be replanted?
Every 2 years
44
Holds up the leaves, transports water and glucose
Stems
45
What is the function of the leaves?
Photosynthesis
46
The opening under the leaf that allows for gas exchange for photosynthesis
Stomata
47
The function of the ____ is to anchor the plant, and to absorb water and nutrients
Root
48
What are the two types of growth for stems? How are they different?
**Primary growth** - increases the height of the stem at the shoots or branches **Secondary growth** - increases the girth of the plant, adds rings to the trunk
49
Angiosperm or Gymnosperm: Flowering plant
Angiosperm
50
Angiosperm or Gymnosperm: Has fruit
Angiosperm
51
Angiosperm or Gymnosperm: Flat leaves
Angiosperm
52
Angiosperm or Gymnosperm: goes through periods of dormancy
Angiosperm
53
Angiosperm or Gymnosperm: Pine trees or junipers
Gymnosperm
54
Angiosperm or Gymnosperm: Has needles or scales
Gymnosperm
55
Angiosperm or Gymnosperm: Has cones for reproductive parts
Gymnosperm
56
Angiosperm or Gymnosperm: does **_not_** go through periods of dormancy
Gymnosperm
57
The roots growing _down_ into the soil is caused by
Gravitropism
58
What is phototropism?
A plants leaves turning towards the sun
59
A period of decreased activity in a plant
Dormancy
60
The ***rings*** of a tree tell us what?
The age and growing conditions
61
How much energy moves through to the next trophic level? What happens to the rest?
10% The rest is lost as heat
62
\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the day to day conditions, while _____ is the average conditions year after year
Weather Climate
63
Biotic
Living factors in the environment
64
Abiotic
Nonliving factors in the environment
65
A barnacle is living on a whale. The barnacle is benifiting but the whale doesn't care. This is an example of
Commensalism (good/I don't care)
66
A flower is aided in reproduction by a bee. The bee gets nectar from the flower. This is an example of
Mutualism (good/good)
67
A tick living on a dog is an example of
Parasitism (good/bad)
68
What is a limiting factor?
Something that causes a population size to level off or decline (ex. water in the desert)
69
A horizontal stem from the mother plant to a new baby plant (ex. strawberry plants)
Stolon

Biology 201 (12 decks)

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