Digestive System

Question 1

What food is called when it leaves the stomach

Answer 1

Chyme

Question 1

What is the function of the large intestine?

Answer 1

Removes water from the remaining waste Colonies of bacteria produce vitamin K

Question 1

Glycerol backbone are the building blocks of

Answer 1

Fats (can be saturated or unsaturated)

Question 1

How do enzymes work?

Answer 1

They lower the activation energy of a chemical reaction (the energy needed for the reaction to take place)

Question 3

Food, water, air, tears, and boogers pass through the what passageway

Answer 3

Pharynx

Question 3

Holds waste

Answer 3

Rectum

Question 3

What is released from the enzyme-substrate complex after the reaction is complete?

Answer 3

The product(s) of the reaction

Question 4

The building blocks of proteins are

Answer 4

Amino acids

Question 4

What is it called when an enzyme and substrate are bonded together?

Answer 4

An enzyme-substrate complex

Question 5

How much water should you consume a day?

Answer 5

At least 1 liter of water each day

Question 5

Used for growth and repair of the body

Answer 5

Proteins Ex. meats, brown beans

Question 6

Are enzymes used up during chemical reactions?

Answer 6

No

Question 7

Stores energy, used to produce cell membranes and hormones, protects and insulates the body

Answer 7

Fats

Question 7

Inorganic substances the body needs Lost through sweat and urine

Answer 7

Minerals (calcium, iron, magnesium)

Question 8

Organic substances that regulate body processes Are fat-soluble and water-soluble Can be toxic in excessive quantities

Answer 8

Vitamins

Question 9

Found at the junction of the small and large intestine

Answer 9

Appendix

Question 10

How does the stomach perform chemical digestion?

Answer 10

Pepsin in the stomach breaks down protein Hydrochloric acid has a pH of 2 and helps Pepsin work

Question 12

Males need approximately ____ calories a day and females need ____ calories a day

Answer 12

Males - 2800 Females - 2200

Question 14

Caecum and colon

Answer 14

Large Intestine

Question 15

Where does a substrate bond to an enzyme?

Answer 15

At the active site

Question 16

What are examples of simple carbs? Complex carbs?

Answer 16

Simple: fruits, honey, sugar Complex: grains, potatoes, vegetables

Question 17

The first couple feet of the small intestine

Answer 17

Duodenum

Question 18

What is the function of pancreatic juice?

Answer 18

It neutralizes the hydrochloric acid from the stomach

Question 19

Small fingerlike projections in the small intestine that increase surface area

Answer 19

Villi

Question 21

How does the stomach participate in mechanical digestion?

Answer 21

Through the contraction of the muscles

Question 22

The main organs of the digestive system are the

Answer 22

Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine (colon), rectum, and anus

Question 24

Muscle contractions to move food down

Answer 24

Peristalsis

Question 26

The building blocks of carbohydrates are

Answer 26

Monosaccharides

Question 27

\_\_\_\_ is from the liver, stored in the gall bladder, and digests fat

Answer 27

Bile

Question 28

What food is called after swallowing

Answer 28

Bolus

Question 30

What is the function of the small intestine?

Answer 30

Absorbs protein, carbohydrates, and fats into the blood stream

Question 31

Describe the pathway of food

Answer 31

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine (caecum then colon), rectum, anus

Question 32

The muscles at the bottom of the rectum

Answer 32

Anus

Question 33

The function of the teeth and saliva

Answer 33

Teeth - mechanical digestion of food Saliva - chemical digestion of food; amylase breaks down starches into sugars

Question 34

The food tube

Answer 34

Esophagus

Question 35

True or False: the stomach is a large muscular sack

Answer 35

True

Question 36

The accessory organs of the digestive system are the

Answer 36

Salivary glands, pancreas, liver, and gall bladder

Question 38

The main source of energy

Answer 38

Carbohydrates

Question 39

What is the function of the digestive system?

Answer 39

Helps convert foods into simpler molecules that can be absorbed and used by cells