Education: Ethnic Differences

Question 1

External differences: CD, Language- Bereiter + Engelmann

Answer 1

LIBF language= inadequate/ disjointed. those who don’t speak English= held back

Question 2

External differences: CD, Family structure + support- Moynihan

Answer 2

Lone mother black families means black boys have no role models + struggle financially

Question 2

External differences: CD, Attitudes + values- Pryce

Answer 2

Asians do well as culture is resistant to racism therefore have higher self worth

Question 3

External differences: CD, Fathers gangs + culture- Sewell

Answer 3

Lack of tough love means boys struggle to overcome emotional difficulties leading to joining street gangs and anti school subculture

Question 4

External differences: CD, Fathers gangs + culture- Lupton

Answer 4

Asian values respect elders therefore parents support school policy

Question 5

External differences: MD + Class- Palmer

Answer 5

1/2 ethnic minority are on low income and 2X more likely to be unemployed

Question 6

External differences: Racism in society- Rex

Answer 6

Discrimination leads to social exclusion

Question 7

External differences: Racism in society- Wood

Answer 7

1/16 of ethnic applications were given an interview compared to 1/9 white applicants

Question 8

Internal factors: Labelling + teacher racism, Discipline- Gilborn + Youdell

Answer 8

Teachers quick to discipline black pupils due to radical expectations

Question 9

Internal factors: Labelling + teacher racism, Streaming- Foster

Answer 9

Teacher stereotypes lead to black pupils being placed in lower sets causing the self fulfilling prophecy

Question 10

Internal factors: Labelling + teacher racism, Streaming- Gilborn + Youdell

Answer 10

A-C economy focuses on pupil with potential and Black pupils are more likely to be labelled hopeless causes

Question 11

Internal factors: Asian pupils- Wright

Answer 11

Teachers assume Asians have poor grasp on English therefore are left out of conversations and feel isolated leading to marginalisation

Question 12

Internal factors: Pupil identities- Archer

Answer 12

3 identities:
1)ideal pupil ( W,W/C)
2)pathologized pupil (overachievers)
3)demonized pupil (W/C)

Question 13

Internal factors: Chines pupils- Archer

Answer 13

Seen as achieving success in the wrong ways- never legitimately an ideal pupil

Question 14

Internal factors: Labelling + teacher racism, Discipline- Osler

Answer 14

Black pupils more likely to have internal exclusions leading to them being sent to referral unit

Question 15

Pupil response to subculture: Rejecting negative labels- Fuller

Answer 15

High achieving black girls redirect anger toward educational success relying on impartial external exams. conform to school work not school rules-depends on class + ethnicity of school

Question 16

Pupil response to subculture: Avoiding racism- Mirza

Answer 16

3 types of teachers:
1)colour blind
2)liberal chauvinists
3)overt racist
time is spent avoiding the racist ones

Question 17

Pupil response to subculture: Variety of boy responses- Sewell

Answer 17

4 boy responses:
1)rebels
2)conformists
3)retreatists

Question 18

Institutional racism: Critical race theory- Carmichael + Hamilton

Answer 18

institutional racism= less overt/ subtle ingrained racism

Question 19

Institutional racism: Locked in inequality- Roithmayr

Answer 19

institutional racism is so large it is not conscious/ feeds on itself

Question 20

Institutional racism: Institutional racism: Locked in inequality- Gilborn

Answer 20

institutional racism is deeply ingrained in the education system

Question 21

Institutional racism: Marketisation + segregation- Gilborn

Answer 21

Marketisation allows scope to select/discriminate against pupils

Question 22

Institutional racism: Ethnocentric curriculum- David

Answer 22

Curriculum ignores non European language literature and music

Question 22

Institutional racism: Marketisation + segregation- Moore + Davenpoort

Answer 22

Minority pupils fail to get into better secondary school due to language difficulty + application process

Question 23

Institutional racism: Ethnocentric curriculum- Ball

Answer 23

History promotes little Englandism which undermines non British culture

Question 24

Institutional racism: Ethnocentric curriculum- Coard

Answer 24

Black people are presented as inferior which undermines self esteem

Question 25

Institutional racism: Assessment- Gilborn

Answer 25

Rigged to validate the dominant group in society

Question 26

Institutional racism: Assessment- FSP

Answer 26

2000's-back pupils were the highest achievers but rules changed overnight based on teachers opinion in turn reengineering failure

Question 27

Institutional racism: Access to opportunity- Gilborn

Answer 27

White pupils are 2X more likely to be identified gifted

Question 28

Institutional racism: Access to opportunity- Tikley

Answer 28

Black pupils more likely to be entered into low tier GCSE's leading to underrepresentation

Question 29

Institutional racism: New IQism- Gilborn + Youdell

Answer 29

Racial expectations lead to false assumptions on ability with the use of old test systems to allocate pupils to streams

Question 30

Criticism of Gilborn: Black boy underachievement- Sewell

Answer 30

Main reason for underachievement is external factors e.g. subcultures

Question 31

Criticism of Gilborn: Model minority- Gilborn

Answer 31

Chines + Indian pupils perform ideological function of hiding institutional racism- education appears meritocratic

Question 32

Criticism of Gilborn: Ethnicity class + gender- Connoly

Answer 32

Interaction depends on what ethnic group you look at and contributes to overall inequality

Question 33

External differences: CD, Language Evaluation- Gilborn + Mirza

Answer 33

Indian pupils do well despite English not being their home language

Question 34

External differences: CD, Attitudes + values Evaluation- Keddie

Answer 34

CD is victim blaming when underachievement is really due to ethnocentric curriculum

Question 35

External differences: CD, Fathers gangs + culture Evaluation- Driver

Answer 35

provides black girls with strong role model

Question 36

External differences: CD, Fathers gangs + culture Evaluation- Lupton

Answer 36

White W/C had the lowest attitude and parental support

Question 37

Institutional racism: Marketisation + segregation Evaluation- New right

Answer 37

It improves quality of schooling as it is essential that all pupils do well