EENT JB

Question 1

Acoustic neuroma dx

Answer 1

MRI, CT, audiology

Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss is acoustic neuroma until proven otherwise

Question 2

Acute narrow angle closure glaucoma tx

Answer 2

Acetazolamide 1st line
timolol
pilocarpine/carbachol

Question 3

Acute OM 4 MC organisms

Answer 3

S. pneumo MC
H. flu
M. Cat
Strep pyogenies (GABHS)

Question 4

OM Tx

Answer 4

amoxicillin TOC
Cefixime in children
Augmentin/ cefaclor 2nd line
erythromycin-sulfisoxazole, azithromycin, bactrim if penicillin allergy

Question 5

Acute sinusitis tests

Answer 5

Mainly clinical
CT w/o contrast TOC
sinus radiographs: order waters view

Question 6

Acute sinusitis tx

Answer 6

symptomatic therapy
Abx (if sx 10-14d or complications): amoxicillin DOC, doxycycline or bactrim 2nd line, FQ or augmenting if recent abx use/refractory

Question 7

Allergic rhinitis sx

Answer 7

worse in mornings, clear rhinorrhea, boggy turbinates, nasal polyps with cobblestoning of the mucosa

Question 8

Amaurosis fugax sx

Answer 8

Mini TIA
temporary unilateral vision loss (lasts minutes) with complete recovery
“curtain” that resolves (lifts up) within 1h

Question 9

Blepharitis anterior vs posterior

Answer 9

Anterior: involves skin and base of eyelashes
posterior: meibomian gland dysfunction

Question 10

CRAO PE

Answer 10

monocular vision loss
Cherry red macula (red spot)
box car appearance of retinal vessels
hx of atherosclerosis

Question 11

Ophthalmic chemical burn tx

Answer 11

irrigation ASAP
moxifloxacin or atropine drops
Optho f/u

Question 12

Cholesteatoma PE

Answer 12

Painless otorrhea w/ strong odor

peripheral vertigo

Question 13

Corneal abrasion fluorescein stain

Answer 13

“ice rink” linear abrasions

Question 14

Dacrocystitis location

Answer 14

Medial canthus

Question 15

Diptheria sx

Answer 15

tonsillopharyngitis or laryngitis classes presentation
pseudomembranes friable gray/white on pharynx that bleeds if scraped
bull neck, myocarditis, arrhythmias, HF

Question 16

Diptheria tx

Answer 16

Antitoxin most important + erythromycin/penicillin
clindamycin and rifampin (alternatives)
PCN + amino glycoside for endocarditis

Question 17

Diptheria prophylaxis

Answer 17

erythromycin or penicillin benzathine G

Question 18

Diptheritic pharyngitis etiology

Answer 18

corynebacterium diphtheriae (gram + rod)

Question 19

Anterior epistaxis MC location

Answer 19

kiesselbach’s plexus

Question 20

Posterior epistaxis MC location

Answer 20

palatine artery

Question 21

Types of macular degeneration

Answer 21

Dry (atrophic): drusen spots

Wet (neovascular or exudative): new abnormal vessels

Question 22

Nasal polyps tx

Answer 22

intranasal CS TOC

Surgery

Question 23

optic neuritis sx

Answer 23

loss of color vision, visual field defects (central scotoma), over a few days, unilateral.
ocular pain worse with eye movement
Marcus gunn pupil

Question 24

Optic neuritis dx

Answer 24

usually clinical
swinging light test, fundoscopy
MRI

Question 25

Oral candidiasis (thrush) tx

Answer 25

nystatin liquid TOC clotrimazole oral fluconazole

Question 26

Oral hairy leukoplakia caused by:

Answer 26

EBV (HHV4)

Question 27

Oral hairy leukoplakia sx

Answer 27

painless white plaque hairy or feathery with prominent folds cannot be scraped off

Question 28

Oral lichen Planus tx

Answer 28

local or systemic CS

Question 29

orbital cellulitis sx

Answer 29

decreased vision pain with EOM proptosis, eyelid erythema edema around orbit

Question 30

Orbital cellulitis dx

Answer 30

high resolution CT w/ IV contrast

Question 31

Otitis externa tx

Answer 31

ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone amino glycoside combo (neomycin/polytrim-B/hydrocortisone otic) fungal: amphotericin B

Question 32

parotitis prevention

Answer 32

MMR vaccine @ 12-15, and 4-6yo

Question 33

Peritonsilar abscess sx

Answer 33

hot potato voice uvula deviation contralateral side anterior cervical lymphadenopathy

Question 34

peritonsilar abscess dx

Answer 34

CT 1st line

Question 35

Peritonsilar abscess MCC

Answer 35

Strep pyogenes (GABHS)

Question 36

Retinal detachment sx

Answer 36

photopsia --> floaters --> progressive unilateral vision loss curtain coming down in periphery --> central vision loss no pain or redness

Question 37

Retinal detachment test

Answer 37

fundoscopy + shafers sign

Question 38

retinoblastoma PE

Answer 38

absent red reflex | white pupil

Question 39

Sialadenitis MCC

Answer 39

S. aureus

Question 40

Sialolithiasis MC location

Answer 40

Wharton's duct | Stensons duct

Question 41

Sialolithiasis tx

Answer 41

sialogouges Abx: dicloxacillin/nafcillin + metronidazole/clindamycin avoid anticholinergics

Question 42

streptococcal pharyngitis tx

Answer 42

penicillin g or VK 1st line amoxicillin, augmentin macrolide if PCN allergic clindamycin, cephalosporins

Question 43

Uveitis PE

Answer 43

associated w/ HLAB27, sarcoidosis, toxoplasmosis, TB ciliary injection (limbic flush) photophobia inflammatory cells and flare within aqueous humor

Question 44

Uveitis tx

Answer 44

Anterior: topical CS posterior: systemic CS

Question 45

Anterior vs Posterior uveitis

Answer 45

anterior: unilateral ocular pain/red/photophobia. excessive tearing. usually after blunt trauma posterior: blurred/decreased vision, floaters, no anterior involvement, no pain

Question 46

Viral conjunctivitis MCC

Answer 46

Adenovirus

Question 47

Vitreous hemorrhage sx

Answer 47

blurry vision, floaters, cobweb like apparitions floating through field of vision reddish tint to vision photopsia