Random Q Flashcards
(640 cards)
1
Q
What conditions have increased JVP?
A
CHF, tamponade, constrictive pericarditis, tension pneumothorax
2
Q
Abx for gram positive cocci
A
Nafcillin (Vanco if MRSA)
3
Q
Abx for gram negative cocci or gonococcus
A
Ceftriaxone (Ciprofloxacin if penicillin allergy)
4
Q
MCC of viral meningitis, CSF?
A
Enterovirus. Lymphocytes, increased protein, normal glucose
5
Q
MCC of bacterial meningitis. CSF?
A
S. pneumoniae. neutrophils, increased protein, low glucose
6
Q
MCC of meningococcal meningitis
A
Neisseria Meningitis (Gram negative diplococcus)
7
Q
Tx for bacterial meningitis
A
<1mo: cefoxtamine + ampicillin
1mo-5oyo: cefoxtamine/ceftriaxone + Vanco
>50yo: ampicillin + cefoxtamine/ceftriaxone + Vanco
8
Q
Meningitis post exposure prophylaxis
A
Ciprofloxacin/ Rifampin
9
Q
Tumor lysis syndrome labs + Tx
A
Hyperuricemia, low Ca, high K, high P, acute renal dz
Tx w/ allopurinol and fluids
10
Q
PSVT tx
A
Vagal –> carotid massage –> adenosine –> radio frequency ablation
11
Q
Cryptococcus meningitis common in?
A
HIV
12
Q
Arterial embolism definitive tx
A
Embolectomy
13
Q
Prophylaxis dental/respiratory procedures w/ high risk of heart conditions
A
Amoxicillin 30-60m before procedure
14
Q
Tx for hypoparathyroidism tetany
A
IV calcium gluconate
15
Q
Octreotide is tx for?
A
Carcinoid syndrome, acromegaly, gigantism
16
Q
Lithium AE
A
Nephrogenic DI
17
Q
Addisons Dz gold standard
A
Cosyntropic stimulation test
18
Q
Radioactive iodine used for:
A
Tx graves dz, detecting metastatic thyroid cancer
19
Q
Gout x-ray
A
Osteophytes w/ rat bite appearance
20
Q
TTP Tx
A
Plasmaphoresis w/ IV CS
21
Q
Von Willebrands dz tx
A
Desmopressin acetate
22
Q
Molluscum contagiosum etiology
A
Poxvirus
23
Q
Optic neuritis definitive dx
A
MRI of brain and orbit
24
Q
Bacterial meningitis neonate MCC
A
Group B strep
25
URI MCC
Rhinovirus
26
COPD blood gas
Respiratory acidosis
27
Systemic fungal meds AE
Liver damage (jaundice), monitor LFT
28
Sarcoidosis labs
high ACE, non-caseating granulomas, high calcium
29
Myesthinia gravis dx test + tx
Tensilon test, tx with pyridostigmine
30
Achilles tendon rupture test
Thompson test
31
Epididymitis Tx
Nonsexual: ciprofloxacin
STI: ceftriaxone + doxy
32
MCC hospital acquired pneumonia
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
33
Superior pulmonary sulcus (pancoast) tumor sx
Shoulder pain, tumor @ apex of lung, Horner's syndrome (ipsilateral ptosis, anhidrosis, miosis)
34
Sarcoidosis Tx
Prednisone
35
Carcinoid tumor of lung bronchoscopy
Vascularized pink/purple central lesion
36
Colon cancer barium contrast Xray
Apple core lesion
37
Cholecystitis US
Gallbladder wall thickening
38
MCC viral gastroenteritis <2yo
Rotavirus
39
HIV positive CD4 count for pneumocystis jirovecci + Tx
CD4 <250, Tx w/ bactrim
40
Post Op fever days 1 to 7
1-2d: (wind) atelectasis
3-5d: (water) UTI
5-7d: (wound) infection/ abscess
>7d: (walk) DVT/PE
41
Wegener granulomatosis xray
Caseating granulomas
42
Hepatitis C Tx
Ribavirin w/ alpha interferon
43
ZES Dx test
Gastrin > 150
44
Pancreatic cancer sign
Courvoisier sign (palpable nontender gallbladder)
45
Postprandial diarrhea tx
Questran (cholestyramine)
46
Conductive hearing loss
Weber: lateralized to affected ear
Rinne: BC > AC
47
Sensorineural hearing loss
Weber: Lateralized to normal ear
Rinne: AC>BC
48
Orbital cellulitis MCC
Bacterial rhinosinusitis
49
Viral conjunctivitis MCC
Adenovirus
50
Acoustic neuroma MCC (vestibular schwannoma)
CN VIII tumor
51
HSV infx test
Tzank smear: multinucleated giant cell
52
Orbital blowout fx test + PE
CT: teardrop shape, restricted upward gaze
53
MCC myocarditis
Coxsackie virus
54
Infectious endocarditis echo
Vegetations
55
Pyloric stenosis upper GI series
String sign
56
Nursemaid elbow tx
Hyperpronation + supination/flexion
57
Erythema infectiosum MCC
Parvovirus B12
58
Erythema infectiousum sx
Fifth disease: URI sx. "slapped cheek", "lacy"
59
Brown recluse bite
blue-gray center, white ring, erythema outer border
60
Erythema multiforme sx
target lesion
61
Androgenic alopecia tx
5 alpha reductase (finasteride)
62
Pityriasis versicolor rash
Salmon colored oval papules
63
MCC condyloma accuminata (genital warts)
HPV 6 & 11
64
Verruca Plantaris (plantar warts) MCC
HPV 1
65
Hand, foot, and mouth dz MCC
Coxsackie virus A
66
Hydroxychloriquine AE
Macular damage
67
Spondylosis xray
"Scotty dog" - pars interarticularis
68
Spondylolisthesis xray
Anterior displacement of vertebrae
69
Polymyositis definitive test
Muscle bx
70
Hereditary spherocytosis definitive test
Osmotic fragility test
71
high MCHC
Hereditary spherocytosis
72
Lead poisoning PBS
Basophilic stippling
73
Clozapine AE
Agranulocytosis
74
Benzo OD tx
Flumazenil
75
Opioid OD tx
Naloxone
76
Absence seizure tx
Ethosuximide
77
Partial seizures tx
Carbamazepine
78
Alzheimer MRI
Neuritic plaques, neurofibrillary tangles
79
Myesthinia gravis tx
Pyridostigmine
80
MC uterine cancer
Adenocarcinoma
81
MC cervical cancer
SCC
82
Mastitis tx
Dicloxacillin
83
Ovarian cancer tumor marker
CA-125
84
Prostatitis E. coli tx
Ciprofloxacin/ bactrim
85
MCC viral orchitis
Mumps
86
Cervical cancer HPV
16, 18
87
Genital warts HPV
6, 11
88
Mycobacterium avium intracellular CD4
CD4 <50
89
Roseola etiology
HHV-6
90
Kaposki sarcoma etiology
HHV-8
91
Malaria dx gold standard
PBS w/ giemsa stain
92
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia test
Positive direct Coombs test
93
Radial nerve innervation
Posterior upper arm, dorsum of hand
94
Hand, foot, and mouth dz MCC
Coxsackie virus
95
Scleroderma sx
Calcinosis of skin, Raynauds, esophageal dysmotility, sclerodactyly, telangiectasia
96
Reactive arthritis sx
Cant see (conjunctivitis). can't pee (urethritis), can't climb a tree (arthritis)
97
Gram positive cocci in cluster
S. aureus
98
Gram negative rods
Klebsiella, H. flu, E. coli, pseudomonas
99
Gram positive rods
Bacillus, listeria, clostridium, corynebacterium
100
Gram negative diplococcus
Neisseria, morexella, brucella, acinetobactor
101
Causes of bloody diarrhea
Salmonella, shigellosis, UC, campylobacter, HUS, amebic liver abscess, yersinia
102
DMT1 vs DMT2
C. peptide absent in DMT1
103
Prostatitis tx
<35yo: ceftriaxone + doxycycline
>35yo: ciprofloxacin/ bactrim
104
Tinea versicolor etiology
Malassezia furfur
105
Gout CI medications
Loop, thiazides, aspirin, niacin, BB
106
HTN meds that decrease gout
Losartan, CCB
107
Hidradenitis suppurativa tx
Topical clindamycin
108
Lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow) muscles
Extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorum/ digiti minimi/ carpi ulnaris
109
Samter's triad
Asthma, nasal polyps, aspirin/ NSAID hypersensitivity
110
Allopurinol lab monitor
Creatine
111
PID tx
Doxycycline + cefotetan or cefoxitin
112
Mastoiditis MCC
S. pneumoniae
113
Cholesteatoma sx
Painless hearing loss, yellow/ white mass behind TM
114
Metronidazole indications
Rosacea, amebic liver abscess, giardia, trichomoniasis, BV
115
Azithromycin indications
Atypical pneumonia, pertussis, travelers diarrhea (pregnant/child), chlamydia
116
Doxycycline indications
RMSF, lyme (not pregnant/child), chlamydia
117
Amoxicillin indications
Acute OM, lyme (pregnant/child), mastitis
118
Ciprofloxacin indications
Corneal ulcer, OE, shigellosis, prostatitis, epidydimitis, travelers diarrhea
119
Pneumonia
Streptococcus
H. Flu
Klebsiella
S. aureus
Legionella
Streptococcus: Rusty sputum
H. Flu: COPD
Klebsiella: currant jelly sputum. alcohol, cavitary lesion
S. aureus: Post flu
Legionella: contaminated water, increased LFT
120
Pneumonia tx (outpatient, inpatient, ICU)
Outpatient: Macrolide/ doxycycline
Inpatient: FQ
ICU: Beta lactam and doxycycline/ macrolide
121
Myerson sign
Sustained blink when bridge of nose is tapped repetitively (Parkinson's)
122
Cholera tx
Doxycycline, azithromycin (child/pregnancy)
123
Endometritis tx
Post vaginal delivery: Ampicillin + gentamycin
C-section: clindamycin + gentamycin
124
human bite etiology
Eikenella
125
Ehlers-danlos syndrome sx
MVP, smooth doughy skin, easy bruising, positive meteniers sign
126
Endocarditis post GU procedures etiology
Enterococcus
127
Endocarditis poor dentition/ gingivitis etiology
Streptococcus viridans
128
Lacunar infarct CT
Small punched out hypodense lesion near pons and basal ganglion
129
Acute angle closure glaucoma 1st line
IV acetazolamide
130
Vulvular carcinoma sx
Vaginal pruritus, crusted white red ulcerative lesion
131
Methotrexate CI
BHcg > 5000, ruptured ectopic pregnancy, fluid/blood in peritoneal cavity, Hx TB, presence of fetal heart sound
132
Hepatitis C dermatologic association
lichen planus
133
Hyperemesis gravidarum 1st line
Doxylamine + pyridoxine
134
CHF xray
kerley B lines
135
Testicular torsion PE
"blue dot sign", negative cremasteric reflex, negative prehn sign
136
Meds that increase risk of Myesthinia gravis
FQ, aminoglycosides
137
status epilepticus tx
benzo --> phenytoin --> phenobarbital
138
Carcinoid syndrome bronchoscopy
Well vascularized purple mass in central airway
139
Screening for DI
Water deprivation test
140
Syphilis screening + confirmation
Screen: RPR, VDRL
Confirm: FTA-BS, TP-PA
141
Aminoglycoside AE
nephrotoxic, ototoxic
142
Morton neuroma PE
pain, localized numbness 2nd and 3rd toes. palpable mass
143
Multiple myeloma urine electrophoresis
Bence jones protein. "lambda kappa light chain"
144
Osgood schlatter PE
Tenderness to the tibial tubercle
145
Cholera Tx
Doxycycline, azithromycin (child/pregnancy)
146
MC childhood murmur
Stills murmur
147
Iron deficiency anemia PBS
Poikilocytosis
148
Diptheria pathology
Cornebacteria diphtheria
149
Acute diverticulitis tx
Clear liquid diet, augmente. metronidazole w/ ciprofloxacin
150
Acetaminophen antidote
N- acetylcystine
151
Naloxone antidote for:
opioid/ narcotic toxicity
152
Benzo antidote
Flumazenil
153
Heparin sulfate antidote
Protamine sulfate
154
UMN lesion sx
Spastic paralysis, increased DTR, upward babinski
155
Rabies (rhabdovirus) CNS
Negri bodies
156
Organophosphate poisoning tx
Atropine, pralidoxime
157
Acute Hep B labs
+ HBsAg
IgM
158
Chronic Hep B labs
+ HBsAG
IgG
159
Hep B recovery labs
+ Anti-HBs
IgG
160
Hep B immunity labs
anti-HBs
161
MCC aortic stenosis worldwide
rheumatic heart dz
162
MCC aortic stenosis in USA
calcified aortic stenosis due to aging
163
MCC mitral stenosis
rheumatic heart dz
164
MC problem with prosthetic valves
thrombosis
165
MCC afib
CAD
HTN
166
MCC vit B1 deficiency
alcoholism
167
MC tumor causing SIADH
small cell lung tumor
168
initial sx of sickle cell
dactylitis
169
MC type of skin cancer
basal cell carcinoma
170
MC med for nightmares
prozosin
171
Which hormone dominant during luteal phase
progesterone
172
1st line tx for performance anxiety
propranolol
173
med that ca. be used for depression and neuropathy
duloxetine
174
inferior wall MI presentation
bradycardia
chest pain
175
Tx for neonatal bacterial meningitis
Ampicillin
176
Tx for bacterial meningitis 1m-18yo
ceftriaxone + vanco
177
Orbital cellulitis tx
IV Vance/clinda
178
Lab monitor warfarin
PT/PTT
179
lab monitor heparin
aPTT
180
hold nitroglycerin if pt taking
PDE5 (viagra)
181
pertussis TOC
azithromycin
182
MC risk of increased triglycerides
acute pancreatitis
183
schizoaffective d/o best med
risperidone
haloperidol
184
Refeeding syndrome labs
hypokalemia
hypomagnesemia
hypophosphatemia
185
ALL lab
lymphoblasts
186
AML lab
myeloblasts
187
herald patch is in
pityriasis rosea
188
Prinzmetal angina tx
CCB (nifedipine)
189
PID tx
ceftriaxone and doxy
190
what type of intoxication causes hyperactivity
lead
191
electrical alternans is hallmark of
pericardial effusion
192
impetigo etiology
S. aureus
193
adenosine AE
bronchospasm in pts w/ asthma or COPD
194
Ablation can cure
SVT, a flutter, WPW
195
Meds to avoid giving in WPW
ABCD: adenosine, BB, CCB, digoxin
196
1st line PSVT
adenosine
197
pericardial tamponade xray
bottle shaped heart
198
MC anaerobic organism
E. coli
199
MC aerobic organism.
B. fragilis
200
MC AE of statin
liver issues
201
heart med with ED AE
BB
202
childhood viral exanthem rash starts on the trunk and spreads to the face
roseola (6th dz)
203
MCC jaundice
Gilbert syndrome
204
1st line tx WPW
procainamide
205
mumps etiology
paramyxovirus
206
rubella etiology
togavirus
207
tx epiglottitis
ceftriaxone + vanco/clinda
208
perioral dermatitis tx
topical metronidazole or erythromycin
209
croup tx
dexamethasone oral
nebulized epi
210
PE CXR
westermarks sign
Hampton hump
211
Etiology of diarrhea after consuming fried rice
bacillus cereus
212
C diff tx
metronidazole 1st
vanco 2nd or 1st if severe
213
HOCM Tx
BB
myomectomy
214
MC bugs for infectious diarrhea
shigella
Y. enterococolitica
salmonella
enterohemorrhagic e.coli
c. enteritis
215
campylobacter enteritis tx
erythromycin
216
shigella tx
fluids
bactrim
217
prosthetic valve endocarditis bug
staph epidermidis
218
endocarditis tx
amoxicillin 1st line
clindamycin- PCN allergies
vanco works for most patients
219
pea soup stools
salmonella
220
backpackers diarrhea
giardia lambia
221
giardia tx
metronidazole
222
frothy greasy diarrhea
giardia
223
giardia dx
trophozites in stool
224
rheumatic fever etiology
S. pyogenes
225
tinea capitus tx
griseofulvin
226
rheumatic fever labs
ASO ab
high ESR/CRP
leukocytosis
227
rheumatic fever tx
Pen G and ASA
228
sister Mary and Joseph node for which OBGyn cancer
ovarian
229
cervical cancer MC type
SCC
230
erysipelas bug
GAS group A strep
231
only murmur associated with hemoptysis
mitral stenosis
232
syphilis associated w/ what murmur
aortic regurgitation
233
DeMusset sign
head bobbing
aortic regurgitation
234
water hammer pulse murmur
aortic regurgitation
235
peritonsilar abscess bug
strep pyogenes
236
MVP tx
BB
237
pericardial knock
constrictive pericarditis
238
Tx for dresslers syndrome
ASA or colchicine
239
vaginal cancer type
SCC
240
tx for PAD
cilostazol
241
vulvular cancer type
SCC
242
1st line tx status epilepticus
benzo
243
BB for aortic dissection
labetalol
esmolol
244
what drugs can cause aortic dissection
cocaine
245
PCOS US
string of pearls
wagon wheel
246
congenital hip dysplasia tests
Barlow
ortolani
247
venous ulcer location
medial malleolus
248
GBS tx
airway
IVIG
plasmapheresis
249
cluster HA tx
sumatriptan + 100% O2
250
osteochondroma vs osteosarcoma
osteochondroma: painless mass
osteosarcoma: bone pain
251
PAD ulcer location
lateral malleolus
252
peripheral vertigo test
dix hall pike
253
peripheral vertigo tx
epley maneuver
meclizine
254
Ewing sarcoma xray
onion skin
255
fixed split S2
ASD
256
MC ASD
ostium secundum
257
VSD murmur
LLSB harsh high pitched holosystolic murmur
258
MC AE CCB
constipation
259
BV etiology
garnerella vaginalis
260
coarctation of aorta CXR
rib notching
figure 3 sign
261
PDA Tx
indomethacin
262
tetralogy of fallot xray
boot shaped heart
263
pancreatitis xray
sentinel loop
colon cut off sign
264
MC type of pancreatic cancer
adenocarcinoma of head
265
cardiac tamponade EKG
electrical alternans
266
valve associated w/ rheumatic fever
mitral
267
HOCM murmur increases w/
valsalva
268
1st line med for HOCM
BB
269
pancreatic cancer sx
painless jaundice
270
cancer of pancreatic head surgery
Whipple procedure
271
vaginal candidiasis tx in first trimester pregnancy
itraconazole
272
MC valve affected by IVDU and endocarditis
Tricuspid
273
congenital long QT syndrome tx
BB
274
MCC acute bronchiolitis
RSV
275
abx given pre-op for appendicitis
cefotetan IV
276
emphysema ABG
respiratory alkalosis
277
chronic bronchitis ABG
respiratory acidosis
278
emphysema sx
pink puffer
barrel chest
pursed lips
279
chronic bronchitis sx
blue bloater
280
painless monocular vision loss
CRAO
281
tumor marker for testicular cancer
AFP
282
hypertensive emergency tx
sodium nitroprusside
283
hypertensive urgency tx
clonidine
284
Narcolepsy tx
modafinil
planned naps during the day
285
UC barium swallow
stovepipe sign
286
- PANCA
+ ASCA
Crohns
287
+ PANCA
- ASCA
UC
288
Maintenance tx for crohns
mesalamine
289
anticholinergics CI
BPH
glaucoma
290
TB xray
Gohn complex
291
SBO xray
air fluid levels
multiple dilated loops of bowel
292
bronchiectasis CT
tram track appearance
293
LBO xray
"northern exposure" sign
coffee bean sign
pneumoperitoneum
294
Which antigen is increased in colorectal cancer
CEA- carcinoembryonic antigen
295
pancreatic cancer marker
CA 19-9
296
honeycombing lung on xray/CT
interstitial pulmonary fibrosis
ground glass opacities
297
monotherapy for diverticulitis
moxifloxacin
298
chocolate cyst
endometrioma
299
powder burn
mulberry lesion
endometriosis
300
asbestosis xray
pleural plaques
shaggy heart sign
301
hyponatremia is seen with which type of pneumonia
legionella
302
intussusception buzzword
currant jelly stool
sausage shaped mass
303
hep c screening
serum AFP
US
304
Urge incontinence tx
bladder training
Detrol or oxybutinin
305
double bubble on xray
duodenal atresia
306
3Ds of niacin deficiency
dermatitis
dementia
diarrhea
307
bird/bat dropping exposure
histoplasmosis
308
CAP outpatient tx
macrolide
doxycycline
309
CAP inpatient tx
macrolide + beta lactam
augmentin
310
CAP ICU tx
B lactam + macrolide or B lactam + BS FQ
311
aspiration pneumonia tx
clindamycin
metronidazole
312
anti-pseudomonas b lactam
pep/tazo
cefepime
imipenem
ceftazadime
313
female infertility tx
clomid (clomiphene)
314
pinworm parasite
enterobius vermicularis
315
pinworm tx
albendazole
316
posterior cervical lymphadenopathy
EBV (MONO)
317
carcinoid tumor dx
elevated urinary 5-HIAA levels
318
when is glucose tolerance tested
24-28w
319
when do you test GBS during pregnancy
32-37w
320
tx VWD
desmopressin
321
adenocarcinoma lung location
peripheral (SCC is central)
322
which cancer where surgery is not a choice
small cell lung cancer
323
small cell lung cancer associated w/
SVC super vena cava syndrome
(JVD, facial plethora, prominent chest veins)
324
when QUAD screen done
15-22 wk
try at 16w for best results
325
Fibromyalgia criteria
diffuse pain 11/18 trigger points for >3m
326
fibromyalgia dx
muscle bx: moth eaten appearance
327
Tx for fetal lung development
betamethasone at 26-30w
328
worst HA of my life
subarachnoid hemorrhage
329
hyperthyroidism labs
increased PTH, Ca
decreased P
330
test of choice for hyperparathyroidism
US
331
HLA-DR4
DMT1
rheumatoid arthritis
Addison dz
332
MCC reactive arthritis
chlamydia
333
sjogren associated with increase chance of getting
non-hodgkins lymphoma
334
tx to suppress uterine contractions
tocolytics (terbutaline, mg sulfate)
335
MC small vasculitis in childhood
Henoch Schonlein Purpura
336
MC childhood bleeding disorder
ITP
337
MCC thrombocytopenia
ITP
338
Dx pheochromocytoma
24h urinary catecholamines
339
tx pheochromocytoma
phenoxybenzamine 10-14d pre-op then propranolol
340
uterine atony tx
oxytocin IV
misopristol
341
MCC endometritis
GABHS
S. aureus
342
MC type of hip dislocation
posterior
343
hip dislocation sx
leg shortened
internally rotated
adducted
344
diphtheria tx
antitoxin
erythromycin/PCN
345
strep pneumonia tx
amoxicillin
346
Addisons tx
hydrocortisone (glucocorticoid) +
fludrocortisone (mineralcorticoid)
glucocorticoid only in secondary
347
cushings test
low dose dexamethasone suppression test
normal- suppression of cortisol
Cushings: cortisol increasing in 24h urine
348
Cushings tx
surgical resection of tumor
349
DI test
fluid deprivation test
DI: continues to make diluted urine
Central: desmopressen will have response with ADH
nephrogenic: still make dilute urine.
350
central DI tx
desmopressin
carbamazepine
351
MC congenital heart defect
VSD
352
how to close patent ductus arteriosis
prostaglandin inhibitor (IV indomethacin)
353
how to keep open PDA
prostaglandin E1 analog (alprostadil)
354
small kidney on US
CKD
if large: DM
355
which drug can cause hyperparathyroidism
lithium
356
hyperparathyroid test
24h urine calcium level
357
MC CSF findings
high IgG oligoclonal bands
358
Guillian barre CSF
high protein
normal WBC
359
gout tx
NSAIDS: indomethacin
360
L4 disk issue
anterior thigh pain
loss of knee jerk reflex
361
L5 disk issue
lateral thigh pain
362
S1 disk issue
posterior thigh
loss of ankle jerk reflex
363
cluster HA prophylaxis
CCB
364
CSF shows increased RBF
herpes encephalitis
MRI temporal lobe edema
365
triptans CI
HTN
cardiovascular disease
366
blood in stool + diarrhea
salmonella
shigella
367
myasthenia gravis tx
Beta interferon
368
what nerve foot drop
common peroneal nerve
tx w/ ankle splint
369
HTN + hematuria + periorbital edema
post streptococcal glomerulonephritis AKI
370
MC prostate cancer
adenocarcimoma
371
polycystic kidney tx
ACE correct BP
372
AML PE
hepatosplenomegaly
FEVER
373
greasy stool
giargia
374
ITP PE
normal coag factors
child 2-6yo
recent viral infx
red spots on skin
low plt count
375
posterior cervical lymphadenopathy
EBV MONO
376
histoplasmosis tx
itraconazole if severe
amphotericin B
377
histoplasmosis CD4
<150
378
HIV caused by
retrovirus
379
toxoplasmosis tx
pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine
380
what drugs can be added to statin to improve CV issues
ezetimibe
381
C diff infx tx
metronidazole
(alternative is oral Vanco)
382
giardia tx
metronidazole
383
SIADH what electrolytes increased
K
384
reactive arthritis tx
NSAIDs
385
Which med is neuropcrotecive in dementia
memantine
386
campylobacter enteritis tx
erythromycin
387
pea soup stools
salmonella
388
3 drugs that can cause myocarditis
clozapine
thiazide
PCN
389
schistocytes seen with
TTP
HUS
DIC
390
recurrent venous/arterial thrombosis at early age
antiphospholipid syndrome: assoc w/ lupus
labs show: thrombocytopenia
tx: anticoags
391
acute onset hematuria and facial edema in a child
post GAS glomerulonephritis
392
fibromyalgia tx
amitriptyline
393
BB OD tx
insulin and glucagon
394
lead toxicity tx
succimer
EDTA
395
iron OD tx
deferoxamine
396
amphetamine ingestion OD tx
benzos
397
ASA OD sx
ringing of ears
398
Which OD affects vision
methanol
399
methanol OD vision changes
snowfield vision
400
ethylene glycol OD tx
fomepizole
401
tamoxifen RF
DVT
endometrial cancer
402
pt can't take metformin, give
glipizide
403
If statins cause myalgia, add
Co Q10
404
smokers pneumonia bug
H. flu
405
atypical pneumonia tx
azithromycin
406
blowing murmurs
Regurg (aortic regurgitation, mitral regurgitation)
407
rumble murmurs
Stenosis (aortic stenosis, mitral stenosis)
408
cromolyn sodium is
mast cell stabilizer
used for allergic rhinitis in children and pregnancy
409
absent patellar reflex is what nerve root
L4
410
Tau proteins think
alzheimer dz
EPO-E4 apolipoprotein on chromosome 19 assoc w/ increased risk of Alzheimers
411
poly arthritis nodosa tx
cyclophosphamide
CS
412
3 drugs that can cause lupus
PIQ
procainamide
isoniazid
quinidine
413
G6PD PBS
Heinz bodies
bite cells
414
Howell jolly bodies
sickle cell
415
first line abx epiglottis
IV ceftriaxone
416
topiramate MC AE
paresthesias
417
tx trigeminal neuralgia
carbamazepine
418
slit lamp reveals "cell and flare" in anterior chamber
iritis
419
CA19-9
pancreatic cancer
gallbladder cancer
bile duct cancer
gastric cancer
420
CA-125
ovarian cancer
421
CEA
colorectal cancer
422
recent URI may cause hematuria in patient w/
IgA neuropathy (Bergers dz)
423
hemoptysis w/ hematuria sx of
goodpasture syndrome
424
aphthous ulcer associated w/ which HHV
HHV6
425
aphthous ulcer tx
topical oral steroids (triamcinolone)
426
cholesteatoma causes what kind of hearing loss
conductive
427
MCC corneal ulcers
bacterial- pseudomonas
428
HSV keratitis tx
topical antiviral ganciclovir
PO acyclovir
429
MC bug causes dacrycystitis
S. aureus
430
MCC hordeolum
S. aureus
431
drusen spots
dry macular degeneration
432
which nystagmus seen with Meniere's disease
horizontal
433
swollen optic disk w/ blurred margins
papilledema
434
papilledema tx
diuretics (acetazolamide)
435
bilateral swollen parotids, indication of
mumps
436
MCC parotitis
paramyxovirus
437
retinal detachment sx
curtain coming down
photopsia, floaters
progressive unilateral vision loss
not painful
438
retinal detachment tx
optho emergency
keep supine
439
blood and thunder on fundoscopy
CRVO
440
MCC new permanent vision loss in 25-74yo
retinopathy
441
cotton wool patches and blot and dot hemorrhages
nonproliferation retinopathy
442
MC bug causing sialadenitis
A. aureus
443
CI to OCP
women >35 smokers
Hx blood clots
breast cancer
migraine w/ aura
444
which OCP safe in lactation
mini pill progestin only
445
risk of starting hormonal therapy several years after onset of menopause
MI in 1st 12mo
446
vaginal candiasis tx
single dose fluconazole
447
vaginal candidiasis in 1st trimester tx
itraconazole
448
tennis elbow tx
splint forearm
PT
injection/surgery
449
heberden node at DIP and Bouchard node at PIP
OA
450
OA tx
Tylenol first line
NSAIDS
joint injections
451
tx severe acne
isotrentinoin
452
only childhood exanthema that starts on trunk and spread to face
roseola, 6th disease
453
roseola caused by which HHV
HHV 6 and 7
454
MC virus causes hand foot mouth dz
coxsackie A virus
455
harold patch
pityriasis rosea
456
tx tinea capitus
griseofulvin
457
which SSRI reduce binge-purge cycle
fluoxetine
458
balanitis tx fungal cause
clotrimazole 1%
459
teardrop pupil
ruptured globe w/ iris prolapse (optho emergency)
460
drugs that can cause macular degeneration
chloroquine
phenothiazine
461
nerve that causes wrist drop
radial
462
fracture of which bone causes wrist drop
mid shaft humerus fx
463
MC elbow dislocation
posterior
464
elbow xray in child shows posterior fat pad and sail sign
supracondylar fx
465
elevated cold agglutinin titer seen in
mycoplasma pneumonia
466
Pt on PTU for graves, monitor
liver failure
leukopenia
467
amiodarone FDA box warning
irreversible pulmonary fibrosis
468
prinzmetal test
IV ergonovine test
469
drug that can cause myocarditis
clozapine
470
which murmurs are seen with dilated cardiomyopathy
Mitral regurgitation
tricuspid regurgitation
471
HOCM avoid these meds
digoxin
diuretics
nitrates
472
erythema marginatum distribution
bathing suit distribution
473
which murmur doesn't radiate
mitral stenosis
474
severe aortic stenosis avoid these meds
BB
CCB
nitrates
475
HCTZ AE
HyperGLUC (glycemia, lipidemia, uricemia, calcemia)
476
CCB AE
gingival hyperplasia
constipation
edema
flushing, dizziness
cardiac depression
477
niacin may precipitate
gout
478
aortic dissection vs AAA
aortic dissection: MCC HTN
AAA: MCC atherosclerosis
479
drugs that cause AV blocks
ABCD (amiodarone, BB, CCB, digoxin)
480
which cholesterol med can cause constipation and metabolic acidosis
bile sequestrant
481
lithium use in pregnancy can lead to
epstein anomoly (tricuspid valve issue)
482
dont use amiodarone for
torsades de pointes
483
which type of lung cancer is centrally located
squamous cell carcinoma
484
1st line tx keloids
CS inj
485
dacrocystitis tx
clindamycin + 3rd gen cephalosporin
486
perioral dermatitis tx
topical metronidazole
487
anticholinergics antidote
physostigmine
488
folliculitis tx
mupirocin ointment and topical benzoyl peroxide cream first line
oral abx: dicloxicillin and cephalexin
489
androgenic alopecia tx
topical minoxidil and oral finasteride
490
trichophpyton rubrum
athletes foot
onychomycosis
491
hx of anaphylaxis to eggs or penicillin are relative CI to which vaccine
MMR
492
sulfonylureas AE
hypoglycemia
493
toxoplasmosis tx in pregnancy
spiramycin
494
head tilt away from side of lesion, cranial nerve
trochlear nerve CN IV
495
jaw deviation toward side of lesion CN
mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve CN V3
496
tongue deviation towards side of lesion CN
hypoglossal nerve CN XII
497
Which eye muscle does CNVI (abducens nerve) innervate
lateral rectus
498
Bells palsy forehead
forehead is not spared
499
bilateral palsy is linked to which conditions
lyme disease
infectious mononucleosis
500
wernicke encephalopathy caused by
thiamine (B1) deficiency
501
wernicke encephalopathy sx
ataxia
confusion
nystagmus
502
cluster HA sx
unilateral pain localized behind 1 eye
brief yet repetitive
lasts 15-180min
503
Tx for West Nile
supportive
504
rabies sx
diplopia, neuritis
excessive salivation
respiratory paralysis
505
west nile sx
flu like sx
URI sx
maculopapular rash
fever
sx last 3-6d
506
herpes encephalitis CSF
elevated RBC
507
herpes encephalitis sx
rapid onset fever
HA, seizure
focal neurologic signs
impaired consciousness
personality changes
508
meningococcemia etiology
neisseria meningitidis (gram negative diplococcus, aerobic)
509
meningococcemia sx
military recruit or student
F, HA, arthralgia, rash
petechiae
skin lesions w/ gray necrotic centers
510
meningococcemia tx
ceftriaxone and vancomycin
511
meningococcemia complication
waterhouse-friderichsen syndrome: bilateral adrenal hemorrhage w/ meningococcus
512
meningioma arises from
arachnoid
513
meningioma prognosis
usually benign
514
glioblastoma multiforme presentation
rapid presentation
515
MC malignant primary brain tumor
glioblastoma multiforme
516
glioblastoma multiforme prognosis
poor
<1yr from time of dx
517
MC malignant brain tumor in adults
glioblastoma
518
MC malignant brain tumor in children
medulloblastoma
519
Medulloblastoma sx
increased ICP
CN VI palsy
HA, vomiting, ataxia
520
pseudotumor cerebri (idiopathic intracranial hypertension) presentation
young obese female w/ hx of vitamin A toxicity
use of steroids or tetracyclines
521
pseudotumor cerebri PE
CN VI palsy
vpapilledema
visual sx
elevated opening pressure on LP
522
tx pseudotumor cerebri
aacetazolamide
serial LP
weight loss
523
GBS sx
symmetric progressive ascending muscle weakness
lack of DTF
524
tx absence seizures
ethosuximide
525
tx urge incontinence
oxybutynin
526
tx overflow incontinence
alpha blockers
527
tx peyronie's dz
pentoxifylline
528
MC penile cancer
squamous cell carcinoma
529
Mitral Regurgitation murmur
Holosystolic @ apex
Radiate to axilla
wide split S2
530
Aortic stenosis murmur
Crescendo Decrescendo
Systolic
RUSB
Rad to carotids
Louder w/ squatting
531
Tricuspid regurgitation murmur
high pitched holosystolic
increase w/ inspiration
LLSB
532
Pulmonic stenosis murmur
Systolic crescendo decrescendo
LUSB
JVD and RVH
533
Aortic regurgitation murmur
blowing decrescendo diastolic
LUSB
louder when leaning forward w/ breath held
534
Mitral Stenosis murmur
diastolic rumble
opening snap
535
HOCM vs Aortic stenosis
HOCM murmur increase w/ valsalva, lessened with handgrip/squatting
536
MVP murmur
mid-late systolic click
inc w/ standing/valsalva
537
Pericarditis hallmark
friction rub
EKG: Everything up
538
Buerger disease
Vasculitis of small-medium arteries of extremities
tobacco use
Men <45yo
Tx: stop smoking
539
Optic neuritis tx
IV CS
540
mastoiditis tx
Admit
IV vanco
oral abx
surgery
541
Vestibular neuritis vs acute labyrinthitis
Vestibular neuritis: no hearing loss
Labyrinthitis: hearing loss
542
Vestibular schwannoma/ acoustic neuroma dx
MRI of head/brain w/ contrast
543
anterior epistaxis tx
intranasal oxymetazoline
544
oral hairy leukoplakia seen in which patient
HIV and EBV induced patients
545
SIADH tx
fluid restriction mainstay
546
Adrenal insufficiency dx
serum cortisol
ACTH stimulation testing
547
Addisons tx
replacement therapy: hydrocortisone, frudrocortisone
DHEA
548
TOC pheochromocytoma
surgical resection
549
MEN1
tumors of anterior pituitary, parathyroid, and endocrine pancreas
550
MEN2A
medullary thyroid carcinoma
pheochromocytoma
primary hyperparathyroidism
551
Men2B
Medullary thyroid cancer
pheochromocytoma
mucosa neuromas
intestinal ganglioneuromas
marfanoid habitus
552
choledocholithiasis tx
ERCP TOC
553
hemochromatosis lab hallmark
increased % transferrin
increased saturation
increased ferritin
554
Wilsons disease sx
Kaiser Fleischer ring
555
Wilsons disease tx
penicillamine copper chelation
556
hepatitis B prophylaxis
Preventative: HBV vaccine: if not allergic to yeast
Post exposure: hepatitis B immunoglobulin + HBV vaccine
557
hepatocellular cancer marker
AFP
558
Celiac dz labs
tTG (tissue transglutaminase) IgA
EMA (endomysial IgA antibody) IgA
559
Smoking for IBD
Protective in UC
Harmful in crohns
560
IBD tx
mesalamine 1st line
561
colorectal cancer screen
45-75yo
>85yo should not get screened
562
niacin deficiency
B3
pellagra (3Ds): dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea
563
thiamine deficiency
B1
from alcohol
BeriBeri
high output CHF/ wernickes encephalopathy
564
beta thalassemia PBS
target cell
basophilic stippling
565
Sideroblastic anemia diagnostic test
bone marrow: ringed sideroblast w/ Prussian blue stain
566
vitamin B12 deficiency PBS
hypersegmented neutrophils
567
folate deficiency PBS
Howell jolly bodies
568
G6PD PBS
bite cells, blister cells
hemighosts
Heinz bodies
569
essential thrombocytosis sx
HA
redness and burning of palms and soles
splenomegaly
570
essential thrombocytosis tx
hydroxyurea
571
CML tx
imitinib mesylate (tyrosine kinase inhibitor)
bone marrow transplant- curative
572
CLL PBS
smudge cells
573
CLL tx
watch and wait
chemo/stem cell transplant
574
AML PBS
auer rods
575
AML tx
chemo
stem cell transplant
576
pediatric leukemia
ALL
577
ALL tx
chemo
578
hodgkin lymphoma bx
reed Sternberg cells
579
TTP PBS, labs
schistocytes
normal coag panel
580
TTP tx
plasmapheresis
581
von willebrand dz tx
avoid aspirin
desmopressin
582
hemophilia sx
hemarthrosis
bleeding
583
hemophilia A tx
desmopressin
factor 8
584
hemophilia b tx
factor 9
FFP
avoid aspirin
585
pnemocystosis etiology
pneumocystis jiroveci (PCP)
586
pneumocystosis tx
bactrim + prednisone
587
RMSF rash
red macular rash on wrists and ankles
spreads centrally
turns petechial
588
gonorrhea tx
ceftriaxone
azithromycin
589
chlamydia tx
azithromycin or doxycycline
590
syphilis tx
penicillin G
591
infective endocarditis tx
vancomycin + ceftriaxone
vancomycin + gentamicin
592
campylobacter jejeni tx
azithromycin
593
FeNa Pre/Intra/Post renal
Pre: <1%
Intrinsic: >1%
Post: >4%
594
ATN pathognomonic
muddy brown casts
595
AIN sx
fever, rash, arthralgia
WBC casts
596
glomerulonephritis pathognomonic
RBC casts
597
Cranial nerves
Oh Oh Oh To Touch And Feel A Girls Vagina And Hymen
Olfactory
optic
oculomotor
trochlear
trigeminal
abducens
facial
vestibulocochlear
glossopharyngeal
vagus
accessory
hypoglossal
598
Cranial nerves (Motor/sensory)
Some Say Marry Money But My Brothers Says Big Brain Matter More
599
status epilepticus tx
ABC
rectal diazepam
IV lorazepam + IV phenytoin
600
Cervical myotomes (C5-C8)
C5: deltoid, arm abduction
C6: biceps, arm flexion
C7: triceps, arm extension
C8: interossei, palmar adduct and dorsal adduct
601
lumbar myotomes (L4-S1)
L4: quadriceps, extension of knee
L5: anterior tibialis, heel walking
S1: gastrocnemius, toe walking
602
Unhappy triad
ACL
MCL
Medial meniscus
603
Meniscal injury testing
McMurrays
Apley's
604
pertussis tx
azithromycin
605
erythema infectiousum etiology
fifth disease
Parvovirus B19
606
scarlet fever sx
sore throat
sandpaper rash
strawberry tongue w/ white coating
607
ASD murmur
systolic ejection murmur
LUSB
widely split and fixed S2
608
VSD murmur
loud harsh blowing
holosystolic murmur
LLSB
609
LMWH antidote
protamine
610
Class I antiarrhythmics
Block Na channels
IA: quinidine, disopyramide, procainamide
IB: lidocaine
IC: flecainide
611
Class II antiarrhythmics
BB
612
class III antiarrhythmics
blocks K channels
sotolol, dronedarone
amiodarone
613
Class IV antiarrhythmics
block Ca channels and slows conduction thru AV node
verapamil, diltiazem (non-dihydro CCB)
614
digoxin AE
delirium/hallucinations
visual disturbances (yellow/green, blur)
615
Nonselective BB
propranolol
timolol
sotalol
616
selective BB
metoprolol, atenolol, esmolol
617
BB w/ alpha 1 blocking activity
labetalol, carvedilol
618
alpha blockers and AE
prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin
AE: sedation, priapism, hypotension
619
opioid AE
somnolence
constipation
flushing/itching
respiratory depression
620
metformin AE
metallic taste
lactic acidosis
hepatotoxicity
621
hydroxychloroquine AE
retinal toxicity- regular dilated eye exams needed
622
SLE criteria
Need 4
malar rash, discoid skin lesions, photosensitivity
oral ulcers, arthritis, serositis (pericarditis/pleuritis)
renal dz (proteinuria), neurological dz (seizures, psychosis),
anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia
anti-DNA or false pos VDRL, abnormal ANA titer
623
Positive HLA-B27 spondyloarthropathies
ankylosing spondylitis
reactive arthritis
psoriatic arthritis
GI (colic) arthritis
624
ankylosing spondylitis tx
SAID
glucocorticoid
DMARD
physiotherapy
625
phenytoin AE
hirsutism
diplopia
gingival hyperplasia
626
granulomatosis w/ polyangitis sx
triad: upper respiratory sx, lower respiratory sx, focal segmental glomerulonephritis
627
polymyositis sx
proximal symmetric muscle weakness: shoulder girdle (deltoid), pelvic girdle (hip flexors), neck flexors
628
dermatomyositis sx
heliotrope rash
grotton's papules
shawl sign/ V sign
calcinassi cutis
629
polymyalgia rheumatica sx
SECRET
symmetric proximal stiffness/pain
elderly
constitutional sx/ caucasian
rheumatism (arthritis)
ESR elevated
temporal arteritis
630
MCC pneumonia in alcoholics
klebsiella
631
aortic stenosis triad
ASH
angina
syncope
heart failure
632
MC fx in pagets dz
vertebral crush fx
633
Vit B12 deficiency at risk for what
gastric cancer`
634
pertussis tx
azithromycin
635
meds that improve mortality for HF
ACE
BB
spironolactone
hydralazine
636
1st line acute pericarditis
NSAIDS (indomethacin)
637
Coarctation of aorta CXR
rib notching
figure 3 sign
638
pericardial effusion ekg
electrical alternans
low voltage QRS
639
endocarditis sx
Roth spots
640
MC heart malformation
VSD
