Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

PNCE > Endo JB > Flashcards

Endo JB Flashcards

(47 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Acromegaly dx

A

Screening: ILGF-1
confirm: oral glucose suppression test increase GH levels in acromegaly
MRI of pituitary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Acromegaly sx

A

DM, glucose tolerance
enlarge feet, hands, skull, jaw
coarse facial features
doughy skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

acromegaly tx

A

transsphenoidal surgery + bromocriptine
rad therapy if GH levels high after surgery
octreotide
pegvisomant can be added to octreotide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

MCC adrenal crisis

A

abrupt withdrawal of GCS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Adrenal crisis presentation

A

shock: hypoTN, hypovolemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

adrenal crisis tx

A

IV fluids
GCS: hydrocortisone if known Addison, dexamethasone if unknown
reverse electrolyte disorders
fludricortisone- synthetic mineralocorticoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Adrenal insufficiency dx

A

Baseline 8am cortisol and renin
high dose cosynotropin test- screening
CRH stimulation differentiates causes of adrenal insufficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Adrenal insufficiency tx

A

primary: GCS + mineralocorticoids
secondary: GCS
GCS: dexamethasone, hydrocortisone
mineralocorticoids: fludricortisone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

adrenocortical insufficiency sx

A 
trunk pain w/ anorexia, N/V
hypotension, F ,confusion
hyper pigmented, salt cravings
hypoglycemia
loss of axillary/pubic hair
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Charcot arthropathy

A

diabetic foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cushing syndrome sx

A 
central obesity
moon facies
buffalo hump
supraclavicular fat pads 
thin extremities, skin atrophy
hyperpigmentation, acanthuses nigricans 
hirsutism, acne
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cushings Dx

A

screening: low dose dexamethasone suppression test, 24h urinary free cortisol, salivary cortisol levels
Differentiation: high dose dexamethasone suppression test, ACTH levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cushings tx

A

pituitary: transphenoidal surgery, radiation
Ectopic tumors: tumor removal, ketoconazole or metyrapone (if inoperable)
iatrogenic steroid therapy: steroid taper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Diabetes insipidus sx

A

sx with decreased oral water intake
polyuria, polydipsia, nocturia
dehydration, hypoTN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Diabetes insipidus dx

A

fluid deprivation test
desmopressin (ADH) stimulation test: central vs nephrogenic DI (central=dec urine output w/ ADH, nephrogenic= no response to ADH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

diabetes insipidus tx

A

central: DDAVP, carbamazepine
nephrogenic: Na/protein restriction –> HCTZ, indomethacin, amiloride if due to lithium
sx: hypotonic fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

DKA labs

A 
high anion gap metabolic acidosis: low pH/bicarb/CO2
increased RR (kussmaul) 
\+ ketones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

DKA tx

A 
IV fluids
regular insulin
potassium 
bicarb
Goal= close anion gap
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Graves dz tx

Study These Flashcards
A 
radioactive iodine MC
levothyroxine
methimazole/PTU (PTU safe in pregnancy)
BB (propranolol) for tremors
thyroidectomy
20
Q

hyperaldosteronism sx

Study These Flashcards
A 
refractory HTN 
low K, low Mg
proximal muscle weakness, decreased DTR
polyuria, constipation
fatigue
21
Q

Hyperaldosteronism dx

Study These Flashcards
A

aldosterone renin ratio screening: primary vs secondary

definitive: saline infusion test, sodium loading

22
Q

hyperaldosteronism tx

Study These Flashcards
A

conns: excision + spironolactone
hyperplasia: spironolactone, ACE, BB, correct electrolyte
secondary (renovascular HTN): angioplasty definitive, ACE

23
Q

Cushing syndrome vs Cushing dz

Study These Flashcards
A

syndrome: from steroids
disease: from pituitary adenoma

24
Q

Hyperosmolar coma

Study These Flashcards
A

from hyperosmoler hyperglycemic syndrome (HHS)
Mental status change
Goal of tx is normal mental status

25
Hyperparathyroidism sx
``` stones bones groans psychiatric overtones decreased DTR ```
26
hypoparathyroidism PE
triad: hypocalcemia, decreased PTH, increased P carpopedal spasms trousseau sign chvostek sign
27
hypothyroidism labs
high TSH, low T4 decreased RIU check for iodine deficiency
28
hashimotos thyroiditis labs
+ thyroid ab thyroglobulin ab antimicrosomial thyroid peroxidase ab
29
Hypothyroidism (myxedema) sx
cold tolerance, goiter, bradycardia, delayed relaxation to DTR
30
hypothyroidism (myxedema) labs
decreased T3/T4 | increased TSH
31
klinefelter syndrome sx
hypogonadism small testes/infertility tall stature, gynecomastia scarce pubic hair
32
Klinefelter labs
low serum testosterone | 47XXY karyotype
33
klinefelter syndrome tx
testosterone supplementation
34
pheochromocytoma sx
secondary HTN palpitations, HA excessive sweating, weight loss, increased appetite
35
pheochromocytoma dx
increase in 24h urinary catecholamines (increased metanephrine and vanillylmandelic acid) MRI/CT abdomen
36
pheochromocytoma tx
complete adrenalectomy | pre-op non selective alpha blocker (phenoxybenzamine or phentolamine) --> BB/CCB
37
pituitary adenoma dx
MRI | prolactin, GH, ACTH, TSH, FSH, LH
38
Primary hyperaldosteronism labs
hypoK w/ metabolic alkalosis aldosterone renin ratio screening DefinitiveL saline infusion
39
primary hyperparathyroidism tx
surgery vitD/Ca supplement if secondary tx hypercalcemia if sx (IV fluids, furosemide)
40
SIADH dx
isovolemic hypotonic hyponatremia. dec serum osmo, decreased Na, decreased BUN increase urine Cosmo Dx of exclusion
41
SIADH tx
fluid restriction
42
subacute thyroiditis sx
painful thyroiditis MC after viral infx associated w/ HLA-B35
43
subacute thyroiditis dx
clinical. hyperthyroidism in acute --> hypothyroid increased ESR hallmark no thyroid ab decreased RAIU
44
subacute thyroiditis tx
aspirin
45
thyrotoxicosis labs
increased T3 and T4 decrease TSH usually a precipitating event
46
thyrotoxicosis tx
antithyroid: IV PTU/methimazole, RAIU, surgery BB ASAP supportive: IV glucocorticoid, avoid aspirin, cooling blankets
47
DMT2 tx
neuropathy: gabapentin retinopathy: bevacizumab nephaopathy: ACE Glucose: anti hyperglycemic meds/insulin

PNCE (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions