CME Resources Flashcards by Sandra N

Abx that causes ototoxicity (2)

Aminoglycosides: Gentamicin > vancomycin (permanent sensorineural)
minocycline (transient vestibular dysfunction (dizzy, N/V)

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Abx that causes nephrotoxicity (2)

aminoglycosides: gentamicin (ATN)

vancomycin

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Abx that causes disulfiram like reactions (1)

metronidazole

N/V/D, abd cramps, flushing, tachycardia, HA

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Abx that causes red man syndrome

vancomycin

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abx that causes red lobster syndrome

rifampin

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abx that causes discolored teeth

tetracyclines: do not give to pregnant women or children <8yo

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abx that causes yellow babies

sulfonamides: don’t use in women near term or neonates

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abx with highest incidence of C. diff

clindamycin

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abx with highest prevalence of C. diff (3)

Oral aminopenicillins (amoxicillin and augmentin) 
oral cephalosporins (cephalexin) 
oral FQ (levofloxacin)

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abx that can cause diffuse nonurticarial maculopapular rash with EBV

aminopenicillin: ampicillin

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potential abx complications in pregnancy

FAST
FQ: arthropathy
Aminoglycosides: CN8 toxicity in fetus 
sulfonamides: newborn kernicterus 
tetracyclines: tooth/bone problems for infant

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if allergic to penicillin G, also allergic to

cefoxitin

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if allergic to ampicillin, allergic to (2)

cefaclor

cephalexin

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if penicillin causes macunopapular rash, use

cephalosporins

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If penicillin causes anaphylaxis

do not use penicillin or cephalosporin

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Benzathine penicillin used for

syphilis

S. pyogenes (group A strep): pharyngitis, cellulitis

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anti staphylococcal penicillins

nafcillin

dicloxicillin

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anti streptococcal penicillins coverage

S. pyogenes (group A strep)

S. aureus

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indications for anti streptococcal penicillins

skin and soft tissue infections

abscesses

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aminopenicillins

ampicillin

amoxicillin

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amino penicillin coverage

S. pyogenes (group A strep) 
GBS
S. pneumo 
enterococcus 
B. burgdorferi 
proteus
listeria

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aminopenicillin indications

URI
endocarditis prophylaxis for dental care
lyme kids <8yo

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augmented amino penicillin indications

animal/human bite prophylaxis/tx
URI
dental infections
skin and soft tissue infx

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zosyn indications

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nosocomial infections

1st gen cephalosporins (2)

cefazolin (ancef) cephalexin (Keflex) good gram + coverage

cephalosporin indications (1st gen)

``` skin and soft tissue infx strep pharyngitis (if PCN intolerant) preoperative prophylaxis (cepfazolin) uncomplicated cystitis (pregnant) ```

2nd gen "respiratory" cephalosporins

cefuroxime

2nd gen cephalosporins indications

URI | skin and soft tissue infx

3rd gen oral cephalosporins

``` cefpodoxime cefdinir (omnicef) ```

3rd gen perenteral cephalosporin

ceftriaxone (rocephin) | covers most gram neg

ceftriaxone indications

CAP w/ azithromycin Meningitis gonorrhea abdominopelvic infx (pyelonephritis, diverticulitis)

4th gen parenteral cephalosporin

cefepime

vancomycin indication

gram + only PO: C. diff IV: MRSA, systemic infx, severe skin and soft tissue infx

do not combine tetracyclines w/ __ to prevent pseusotumor cerebri

isotreninoin

tetracyclines

doxycycline | minocycline

tetracycline indications

URI CAP Non-gonococcal urethritis/cervicitis tick born disease (lyme, RMSF)

macrolides

erythromycin | clarithromycin

erythromycin AE

QTc prolongation | N/V/D

clarithromycin AE

metallic taste

TOC bordatella pertussis

macrolides (erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin)

lincosamides

clindamycin

clindamycin AE

C. diff

aminoglycosides

gentamycin | tobramycin

aminoglycoside AE

nephrotoxicity (usually reversible) | ototoxicity (irreversible)

Fluoroquinolones AE

``` arthropathy, neuropathy, CI in kida <18yo acute achilles tendon rupture dysglycemia QT prolongation ```

non respiratory FQ

ciprofloxacin

respiratory FQ

levofloxacin | moxifloxacin

trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole AE

hypersensitivity rxn reversible myelosupression hemolytic anemia in G6PD pts

bactrim indications

``` P. jiroveci (PCP) pneumonia MRSA tx (not serious infx, ex furunculosis) ```

Nitroimidazoles

metronidazole | tinidazole

metronidazole AE

metallic taste disulfiram like reaction fetotoxic in 1st trimester

Amphotericin B ae

nephrotoxicity

terbinafine AE

hepatotoxicity

Abx used for MSSA

Oral: gold standard: dicloxacillin; Silver standard: cephalexin Parenteral: gold: nafcillin; silver: cefazolin, bronze: vancomycin

Abx used for MRSA

Oral: Linezolid and tedizolid, doxycycline and minocycline, Bactrim, clindamycin Parenteral: Gold: vancomycin

abx used for pseudomonas

Oral: ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin Parenteral: zosyn, aztreonam, ceftazidime, ceftolazone, cefepime, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, tobramycin, doripenem > meropenem> imipenem

vancomycin resistant enterococcus abx

Oral: linezolid, tedizolid Parenteral: daptomycin, tigercycline linezolid, tedizolid

abx for anaerobics

Oral: gold standard: metronidazole or augmentin; silver standard: clindamycin Parenteral: gold: Gold: zosyn, carbapenems, metronidazole; silver: clindamycin

CME Resources Flashcards

(58 cards)