Effect of Diet-Related Conditions on Health

Question 1

What can obesity lead to?

Answer 1

• High blood pressure
• Diabetes
• CHD

Question 2

Causes of obesity

Answer 2

• High sugar and fat intake
• Low fibre intake
• Lack of exercise

Question 3

Impact on health of obesity?

Answer 3

• Increased risk of high blood pressure as heart under a lot of strain from carrying extra weight
• Increased risk of strokes, heart disease, type 2 diabetes, cancer, joint strain

Question 4

How to prevent obesity

Answer 4

• Reduce weight to use up excess fat
• Food intake reduced so that excess fat is used up for energy

Question 5

What is high blood pressure?

Answer 5

When the arteries become narrow or damaged due to cholesterol build up in artery walls

Question 6

Causes of high blood pressure

Answer 6

• High sugar, fat or salt intake
• Lack of exercise

Question 7

Impact on health of high blood pressure

Answer 7

• Puts strain on heart and lead to CHD
• Causes small arteries in brain to burst, leading to stroke

Question 8

What is Coronary heart disease?

Answer 8

When arteries that carry blood from heart become narrow with cholesterol

Question 9

Causes of coronary heart disease

Answer 9

• High fat, sugar or salt intake
• Low fibre intake
• Lack of fruit and vegetables

Question 10

Impact on health of CHD

Answer 10

• Narrowed arteries struggle to deliver oxygen-rich blood to heart, heart doesnt have enough oxygen which can lead to angina
• If cholesterol breaks off, may cause blood clot to form and block arteries
• Heart attack or stroke

Question 12

What is type 1 diabetes?

Answer 12

When the pancreas is unable to produce insulin

• Usually starts at childhood, treated with injections of insulin

Question 13

What is type 2 diabetes?

Answer 13

When insulin doesn’t work properly, due to insulin receptors losing function

Question 14

Impact on health of diabetes

Answer 14

• Risk of CHD, strokes, high blood pressure, kidney failure, blindness
• Blurry vision
• Thirst
• Tiredness

Question 15

How to prevent diabetes

Answer 15

• Avoid sugary foods to keep glucose steady
• Eat starchy carbs
• Lose weight

Question 16

What is osteoporosis?

Answer 16

Also known as brittle bones, when bones lose some calcium

Question 17

Causes of osteoporosis

Answer 17

• Loss of calcium in bones

Question 18

Impact on health of osteoporosis

Answer 18

Bones become thinner and weaker, more likely to break

Question 19

How to prevent osteoporosis

Answer 19

• Reduce intake of saturated fat as leads to poor absorption of calcium
• Increase vitamin D and calcium

Question 20

What is anaemia?

Answer 20

An iron deficiency.

Question 21

Causes of anaemia

Answer 21

• Not enough iron-rich foods
• Low intake of vitamin C
• High fibre intake

Question 22

Impact on health of anaemia?

Answer 22

• Weakness, tiredness and shortness of breath
• Less resistance to infection
• Wounds take longer to heal

Question 23

Cause of constipation

Answer 23

• Lack of fibre and water in the diet

Question 24

Impact on health of constipation

Answer 24

Faeces become hard and difficult to remove from the body

Question 25

Cause of diverticulitis

Answer 25

- Constipation - Lack of fibre and water

Question 26

Impact on health of diverticulitis

Answer 26

- Increased pressure to push waste along intestine - This causes muscular tissue to weaken and pouches to form - If pouches become infected, leads to pain

Question 27

How to prevent cancers

Answer 27

- Balanced diet with lots of fruit and vegetables - Avoid obesity - Physical activity - Don’t smoke or drink alcohol

Question 28

Cause of dental caries

Answer 28

- When eating sugary foods, plaque is left on teeth - Bacteria in mouth attack plaque and change it to acid - Acid eats away at enamel on teeth and decay starts

Question 29

How to prevent dental caries

Answer 29

- Reduce sugary foods and drinks - Calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D