EFRW - Consumption Flashcards
(16 cards)
What illusion did Petit et al (2020) use to examine effects of illusion on portion regulation? How did it work?
Used the delbeouf illusion - where circles of the same size, one appears larger when the surrounding circle is smaller - similar effect as ebbinghaus. Then did this with portion size images - pizza on smaller/larger plate
In Petit et al (2020) study the use of the Delboeuf illusion using portion sizes led to what three main things for participants?
Perceived the food as more appetizing
Rated the food as more likely to purchase
Decreased the size of portion they served
Petit’s (2020) study shows how simple illusions affect ________ behaviour. This knowledge could be used both for the benefit of __________ to increase _______, but also for the benefit of the __________ to decrease ______ __________.
Illusions can affect consumer behaviour
Useful information for both food industry to boost sales, and for the consumer to decrease food intake
Wansink and Van Ittersum (2003) compared _______ pouring in both _______ and _________, when using a ____, _____ glass compared to a _____ glass.
Juice pouring
Adults and Children
Short small vs tall glass
Wansink and van Ittersum found that for both adults and kids, juice ______ and ________ was greater in the ______, _______ glasses compared to the ______ glasses
juice pouring and consumption was greater for short wide glasses than tall glasses -participants misjudged this and poured/drank more in short glass
In Wansink and Van Ittersum’s study, did participants perception match their consumption behaviour?
No - despite drinking and pouring more in short wide, they believed/perceived they had drunk/poured more in the tall glass. Opposite of behaviour
In a third test, Wansink and Van ittersum tested this glass shape effect on a third group of people - who were they, what did they find, and what are the implications?
Tested glass effect on bartenders - pouring spirits in tall vs short glass
Found that they also overpoured in short wide vs tall
Less effect with more experience
Has implications for excessive alcohol use
Whilst Wansink and Van ittersum (2003)only tested the effect of glass shape on drinking behaviour using ______, Attwood et al (2012) tested drinking behaviour using ______
Wansink and Van Ittersum (2003) - juice
Attwood et al (2012) lager
What two types of glasses did Attwood (2012) use to compare drinking behaviour?
Tall straight pint and curved pint
How much slower did participants consume lager in the straight glass compared to the curved glass?
60% slower
Other than drinking speed, what other main difference between glass type was found between curved and straight, which may be the cause of drinking speed?
Participants perceived the midpoint as much lower than it actually was in curved compared to straight - therefore they think they are halfway when they are much further
What are the implications of Attwood et als (2012) findings (positive vs negative)?
May be used to affect drinking policy - to reduce drinking, improve public health
However on teh flipside if not the case, knowledge used by both pub owners, and beer brands to potentially sell more beer
Whilst_______ shape may affect drinking behaviour slightly, in the real world there are many factors which play a part in how much people drink, such as __________(list 3). Brocklebank et al (2021) decided to examine if __________ _______ actually translated to __________ ___________ sold in pubs in the real world.
Many factors other than glass shape, such as:
- day of week - friends present - how busy bar is - price - staff freindliness - emotions -weather
Brocklebank et al 2021 decided to examine if dinking speed would actually translate to increased volume sold in pubs, irl
Brocklebank et al compared the pubs usual _______ glasses to _______ glasses, in __ different pubs and bars across the UK, over ___ week-long periods, measuring how much _____ was sold for both.
compared pubs usual straight glasses to curved glasses, in 24 different pubs across te UK over 2 week-long periods with each glass, measuring alcohol sold during both
What was the main finding (interestingly) of Brocklebank et al 2021 (2 marks) and what are the potential implications (2 marks)?
Whilst more litres of beer was sold in curved glass period, differences were not significannt. Closer inspection of results show about a difference of 40 litres, whilst non-significant, may still translate to increases in profit for pub owners, so valuable information for them. Should we be using info to make people drink more? Ethical. Not so valuable for reducing drinking by introducing straight glasses.
What is one ethical consideration when examining how visual illusions/perception can influence food and drink consumption?
If we can use illusions/ visual input to increase/decrease consumption, this is highly valuable for food and drink companies when it comes to selling, so may be used to sell unhealthy products by taking advantage of the consumer by playing on perceptual inabilities
