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KINESIOLOGY > Elbow Complex > Flashcards

Elbow Complex Flashcards

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1
Q

Bones (3}) and joints (4) of the Elbow Complex

A

Bones: humerus, radius, ulna

Joints: humeroradial joint, humeroulnar joint, radioulnar joint (proximal & distal)

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2
Q

T or F

The ulna is larger proximally, while the radius is larger distally

A

TRUE

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3
Q

The Humeroulnar joint is formed by what specific landmark of the bones?

A

Formed by the trochlear notch of the ulna
+
The trochlea of the humerus

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4
Q

What is the concave and convex of the humeroulnar joint?

A

Trochlear notch: concave
Trochlea: convex

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5
Q

How many DOF does the humeroulnar joint have? and what is it?

A
  • DOF: 1 (flexion/extension)
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6
Q

What type of joint id the humeroulnar joint?

A

Synarthrodial joint; hinge joint
- can be modified as modified hinge joint

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7
Q

What rule is applied to the Humeroulnar joint?
For both flexion and extension

A

Convex-concave rule: concave on convex

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8
Q

During flexion,
The concavity of the trochlear notch will ___ and ___on the trochlea of the humerus

A

The concavity of the trochlear notch will ROLL and SLIDE
on the trochlea of the humerus

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9
Q

Which statement id false:
- In open kinematic chain (OKC) motion, sliding and rolling are in the same direction
- In closed kinematic chain (CKC) motion, sliding (posterior) and rolling (anterior) are in different directions

A

NONE

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10
Q

According to some references, if flexed at ____ (degrees),
there’s no surface contact between the trochlea and
trochlear notch

A

According to some references, if flexed at 30°-120°,
there’s no surface contact between the trochlea and
trochlear notch

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11
Q

What movement?
The olecranon process (ulna) enters the olecranon fossa (humerus)

A

Elbow Extension

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12
Q

What happens when the elbow is extended? (what part is lax and taught)

A
  • Anterior part: the flexor muscles, anterior capsule, and
    anterior fibers of the MCL are stretched
  • Posterior part: the extensor muscles and posterior
    capsule are slack
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13
Q

What specific bony landmark compose the Humeroradial joint?

A

Formed by the radial head
+
The capitulum (humerus)

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14
Q

In the humeroradial joint, which is concave and which is convex?

A

Radial head (fovea): concave
Capitulum: convex

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15
Q

What rule is applied to the Humeroradial joint?

A

Convex-concave rule: concave on convex

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16
Q

This is a condyloid joint

A

HUMERORADIAL (HR) JOINT

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17
Q

What movement of the Humeroradial joint;
The rim of the radial head slides in the capitulotrochlear groove which will enter the radial fossa

A

Flexion

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18
Q

What happens to the humeroradial joint during elbow flexion (which Roll and slide)

A
  • Movement of this is most of the radius on the humerus
  • The radial head will ROLL and SLIDE on the capitulum (humerus)
  • The radial head will move anteriorly
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19
Q

T or F

Most activities of daily living (ADL) will occur within the arch of 90°-130°

A

FALSE
Most activities of daily living (ADL) will occur within the
arch of 30°-130°

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20
Q

Normal ROM: of elbow joint (Flex/extend)

A

Normal ROM: 0-145°

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21
Q

Which is incorrect: HR joint flexion
- OKC: same direction (Posterior)
- CKC: anterior roll, posterior slide

A
  • OKC: same direction (anterior)
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22
Q

Which is incorrect: HR extension
- OKC: same direction (posterior)
- CKC: anterior slide, posterior roll

A

Both are correct

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23
Q

Aka “pulled elbow”

A

NURSEMAID’S ELBOW

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24
Q

nursemaid’s elbow is more common to young children who are less than ___ years old
- This is due to the lack of development of the articulation and ligament; less stable

A

5 years old

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25
Mechanism of injury: of the nursemaid elbow
Mechanism of injury: attraction force within the elbow of the child
26
The radial head is traumatically pulled out from the attachment (radial fossa) - This makes the __ ___ to be torn
Nursemaid elbow Annular ligament is torn
27
Specific bony composition of the proximal Radioulnar joint
Attachment of the radial notch (ulna) + radial head (radius)
28
What rule is applies to the proximal RU joint?
Concave-convex rule: convex on concave
29
What is convex and concave in the proximal Ru joint?
- Radial head (rim): convex - Radial notch: concave
30
What type of joint is the Proximal RU joint?
Pivot joint
31
Specific components of the Distal RU joint?
Attachment of the ulnar notch (radius) + ulnar head (ulna)
32
What rule is applied to the Distal RU joint?
Concave-convex rule: concave on convex
33
Which is convex and concave in the distal RU joint?
- Ulnar head: convex - Ulnar notch: concave
34
What movement will the radius will move over the ulna
Pronation
35
Arthrokinematics of the proximal segment (RU joint) during pronation OKC: CKC:
- OKC: the radius will rotate anteriorly on the ulna - CKC: the radius (convex) is fixed while the ulna (concave) moves, providing the same direction for rotating (anterior)
36
Arthrokinematics of the distal segment (RU joint) during pronation OKC: CKC:
- OKC: the ulnar notch (radius) will roll and slide posteriorly [concave on convex] - CKC: the ulna (convex) will move against the radius (concave), providing opposite movement; anterior rolling and posterior sliding
37
According to other references (other than Brunnstrom’s), the ulna is fixed, however, according to Brunnstrom’s, the ulna will move posterolaterally
Take note
38
The movement of the ulna will be ___ during supination
The movement of the ulna will be anteromedial
39
Arthrokinematics of the proximal segment during supination OKC: CKC:
- OKC: the radius will rotate posteriorly - CKC: the ulna will rotate posteriorly
40
Arthrokinematics of the distal segment during supination OKC: CKC:
- OKC: the ulnar notch (radius) will roll and slide anteriorly - CKC: the ulna will roll posteriorly and slide anteriorly
41
What movement will The palmar capsular ligament (anterior hand) will stretch, while the dorsal capsular ligament will be lax
SUPINATION
42
What movement will the The palmar capsular ligament will be lax, while the dorsal capsular ligament will stretch
PRONATION
43
LIGAMENTS OF THE ELBOW COMPLEX
MEDIAL/ULNAR COLLATERAL LIGAMENT (MCL) LATERAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT COMPLEX (LCL) ANNULAR LIGAMENT QUADRATE LIGAMENT
44
This binds the radius and ulna
INTEROSSEUS MEMBRANE
45
- Serves as a stable attachment site for several extrinsic muscles of the hand
INTEROSSEUS MEMBRANE
46
T or F the Interosseous membrane decreases the surface area for muscle attachment
FALSE Increases the surface area for muscle attachment
47
Most of the fibers of the interosseus membrane are called the
CENTRAL BAND --This has ultimate tensile strength and is twice the thickness of other fibers
48
Patients with any problem regarding the interosseous membrane should avoid ??
Patients with any problem regarding the interosseous membrane should avoid compressing and distracting forces
49
What force? The interosseus membrane is stretched (taut) and it helps with the distribution of force towards the UE
COMPRESSION FORCE
50
What force? The interosseus membrane is relaxed (lax/slack)
DISTRACTING FORCE
51
Stress wherein The forearm moves away from the midline There’s compression stress on the lateral aspect/compression and distraction stress on the medial aspect of the elbow
VALGUS STRESS
52
What ligament is stretched during: VALGUS: VARUS:
VALGUS: MCL VARUS: LCL
53
Normal ROM for elbow flexion: reffered to as ___ arc
Normal ROM for elbow flexion: 0-145° Functional arc
54
Elbow can be flexed actively/passively (based on HR joint), How many degrees for each: - Active: - Passive:
Active: 30°-145° Passive: 150°-160° added
55
T or F If the forearm is in a supinated position then it’s flexed, the ROM is less than when the forearm is pronated
FALSE If the forearm is in a pronated position (or it’s in the process of going to pronation/supination) then it’s flexed, the ROM is less than when the forearm is supinated
56
If the forearm is supinated THEN flexed, the ROM is?
GREATER
57
If the forearm is mid-supinated THEN flexed, the ROM is ?
LESSER
58
T or F The 30°-130° arch of elbow flexion is the elbow ROM in order to perform all the ADL
TRUE
59
T or F The Subclavius and biceps brachii may limit the elbow ROM since these crosses the elbow and shoulder
FALSE The triceps and biceps brachii may limit the elbow ROM since these crosses the elbow and shoulder
60
During shoulder flexion, elbow flexion is LIMITED and there’ll be tension in the (muscle)
During shoulder flexion, elbow flexion is LIMITED and there’ll be tension in the TRICEPS BRACHII
61
During shoulder hyperextension, elbow extension is LIMITED and there’ll be tension in the(muscle)
During shoulder hyperextension, elbow extension is LIMITED and there’ll be tension in the BICEPS BRACHII
62
- Normal ROM for PRONATION: - Normal ROM for SUPINATION: - Functional arch for elbow flexion:
- Normal ROM for PRONATION: 0-75° - Normal ROM for SUPINATION: 0-85° - Functional arch for elbow flexion: 30-130°
63
Functional arch for pronation/supination: __° respectively
50
64
This is also called the cubitus angle/valgus
CARRYING ANGLE
65
Which carrying angle is greater male or females?? how many degrees for each?
females 13°-16° GREATER Male: 11°-14°
66
If the value is less than normal (<5°), it’s considered as cubitus varus (pathologic deformity) aka?
gunstock deformity
67

KINESIOLOGY (11 decks)

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